{"resource_id":8423,"title":"汉魏六朝百三家集杜预集","format":"md","encoding":"utf-8","chapters":[{"id":"chapter-1","title":"漢魏六朝百三家集杜預集","sections":[{"id":"chapter-1-section-1","title":"欽定四庫全書","paragraphs":["集部八","漢魏六朝百三家集","總集類"]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-2","title":"提要","paragraphs":["臣等謹案漢魏六朝百三家集一百十八巻明張溥編溥有詩經註疏大全合纂已著録自馮惟訥輯詩紀而漢魏六朝之詩匯於一編自梅鼎祚輯文紀而漢魏六朝之文匯於一編自張燮輯七十二家集而漢魏六朝之遺集匯於一編溥以張氏書為根柢而取馮氏梅氏書中其人著作稍多者排比而附益之以成是集巻帙既繁不免務得貪多失於限斷編録亦往往無法考證亦往往未明有本系經說而入之集者如董仲舒集録春秋陰陽劉向劉歆集録洪範五行傳之類是也有本系史類而入之集者如禇少孫集全録補史記荀悅集全録漢紀論之類是也有本系子書而入之集者如諸葛亮集録心書蕭子云集録凈住子是也有牴牾顯然而不辨者如張衡集録周天大象賦稱魏武黃星之類是也有是非疑似而臆斷者如陳琳傳中有袁紹使掌書記一語遂以三國志注紹冊烏桓單于文録之琳集是也有偽妄無稽而濫收者如東方朔集録真仙通鑑所載與友人書及十洲記序之類是也有移甲入乙而不覺者如庾信集録楊烱文二篇之類是也有采摭未盡者如束晳集所録餅賦寥寥數語不知祝穆事文類聚所載尚多之類是也有割裂失次者如鍾會整合侯命婦傳三國志注截載兩處遂分其首尾各為一篇之類是也有可以成集而遺之者如枚乗七發忘憂館柳賦諫吳王書及玉臺新詠所載古詩可成一巻左思三都賦白髮賦髑髏賦及文選所載詠史詩亦可成一巻而擯落不載之類是也然州分部居以文隸人以人隸代使唐以前作者遺篇一一畧見其梗概雖因人成事要不可謂之無功也周亮工書影曰西蜀楊升庵太史著書至二百餘種豫章朱鬱儀中尉著書至一百十二種當時未聞有茂陵之求張天如雖一時名流然無多撰著當時至見於章奏求其遺書人有幸有不幸如此云云其於溥頗致不滿今案溥所論著不出當時坊刻之習誠可付之無譏若此一編則原原本本足資檢核實逺勝其它作雖使肩隨於二人固亦無不可矣","乾隆四十六年五月恭校上","總纂官 臣紀昀 臣陸錫熊 臣孫士毅","總校官 臣陸費墀"]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-3","title":"欽定四庫全書","paragraphs":["漢魏六朝百三家集","巻三十七"]}]},{"id":"chapter-2","title":"杜預集題詞","sections":[{"id":"chapter-2-section-1","title":"正文","paragraphs":["左傳之有杜元凱六經之孔孟也當時論者猶以質直見輕豈真貴古而賤今乎子云太玄不遇桓譚幾覆醬瓿元凱釋左非摰虞亦莫知其孤行天地也杜集絶無詩賦意者其雕蟲邪彼惟彌綸經傳自託獲麟下者則薄之誠不欲以此有名也元凱嘗言三不朽庶幾立功立言其事皆踐漢興佐命如鄼侯刀筆髙密書生不免望塵而拜章奏爾雅悉西京風制經術既深凡文皆餘耳不期工而工此學者糞本之說也武庫平吳功堪廟食釋左一書復懸日月之間為世傳習其於聖經為後先疏附也成勞過揚玄矣儲君降服議禮興譏是將通世變以就古人檀弓變禮不辭作俑未可與素冠之詩同相笑也"]}]},{"id":"chapter-3","title":"目録","sections":[{"id":"chapter-3-section-1","title":"正文","paragraphs":["奏","律令註解奏","黜陟課法略","秦川軍事","奏事","又","又","又","疏","論水利疏","又疏","表","陳伐吳至計表","再上伐吳表","請署羊祜闢士表","舉賢良方正表","又","又","議","皇太子釋服議","畣盧欽魏舒問","皇太子諒闇終制奏","又","祥祫議","書","與王浚書","與子貺書","歲終帖","親故帖"]},{"id":"chapter-3-section-2","title":"序","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-3-section-3","title":"春秋左氏傳序","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-3-section-4","title":"律序","paragraphs":["論","春秋長厯論","說","春秋長厯說","譜","宗譜","令","遺令","雜文","酒論"]}]},{"id":"chapter-4","title":"欽定四庫全書","sections":[{"id":"chapter-4-section-1","title":"正文","paragraphs":["漢魏六朝百三家集","巻三十七","（明）張溥 輯杜預集","○奏","上律令註解奏","法者蓋繩墨之斷例非窮理盡性之書也故文約而例直聽省而禁簡例直易見禁簡難犯易見則人知所避難犯則幾於刑厝厝刑之本在於簡直故必審名分審名分者必忍小理古之刑書銘之鍾鼎鑄之金石所以逺塞異端使無淫巧也今所注皆網羅法意格之以名分使用之者執名例以審趣舍伸繩墨之直去析薪之理也","上黜陟課法畧","臣聞上古之政因循自然虛已委誠而信順之道應神感心通而天下之理得逮至淳樸漸散彰美顯惡設官分職以頒爵祿弘宣六典以詳考察然猶倚明哲之輔建忠貞之司使名不得越功而獨美功不得後名而獨隱皆疇諮博詢敷納以言及至末世不能紀逺而求於密微疑諸心而信耳目疑耳目而信簡書簡書愈繁官方愈偽法令滋章巧飾彌多昔漢之刺史亦歲終奏事不制算課而清濁粗舉魏氏考課即京房之遺意其文可謂至密然繇於累細以違其體故歴代不能通也豈若申唐堯之舊去密就簡則簡而易從也夫宣盡物理神而明之存乎其人去人而任法則以傷理今科舉優劣莫若委任達官各考所綂在官一年以後每歲言優者一人為上第劣者一人為下第因訃偕以名聞如此六載主者總集採案其六歲處優舉者超用之六歲處劣舉者奏免之其優多劣少者敘用之劣多優少者左遷之今考課之品所對不鈞誠有難易若以難取優以易而否主者固當凖量輕重微加降殺不足復曲以法盡也已醜詔書以考課難成聽通薦例薦例之理即亦取於風聲六年頓薦黜陟無漸又非古者三考之意也今每歲一考則積優以成陟累劣以取黜以士君子之心相處未有官故六年六黜清能六進否劣者也監司將亦隨而彈之若令上下公相容過此為清議大頹亦無取於黜陟也","秦川軍事","臣嘗聞邊人說虜專以騎為寇穿塹不如作馬埳馬埳法坑方三尺錯平穿之虜騎非下馬平治則終不得入又其外蹊要路亦可隨作塢施槍埳中訖薄覆其上如此則虜當築地而行不敢輒往來也","奏事","竊惟籍田令本以籍田千畝十頃之田計其案行周旋不過數里凡宗廟粢盛御用膳羞及群神之調於是取所籍戶口足以當一縣一邑所供至重事貴臨履也","又","臣前在南聞魏興西北山有野牛野羊牛之大者二千斤羊之大者數百斤試令四求今者各得一枚並頭角蹄按其形不與中土相似然是野獸中所希有","又","藥杵臼澡盤熨斗釡甕銚盤鎢鋗皆亦民間之急用也","又","被勑以臣造新律事律吏杜景李復等造律皆未清本末之意者也","○疏","論水利疏","臣輒思惟今者水災東南特劇非但五稼不收居業並損下回所在停汙髙地皆多磽塉此即百姓困窮方在來年雖詔書切告長吏二千石為之設計而不廓開大制定其趨舍之宜恐徒文具所益蓋薄當今秋夏蔬食之時而百姓已有不贍前至冬春野無青草則必指仰官榖以為生命此乃一方之大事不可不豫為思慮者也臣愚謂既以水為困當恃魚菜螺蜯而洪波氾濫貧弱者終不能得今者宜大壞兗豫州東界諸陂隨其所歸而宜導之交令飢者盡得水產之饒百姓不出境界之內旦暮野食此目下日給之益也水去之後填淤之田畝收數鍾至春大種五榖必豐此又明年之益也臣前啟典牧種牛不供耕駕至於老不穿鼻者無益於用而徒有吏士榖艹之費歲送任駕者甚少尚復不調習宜大出賣以易榖及為賞直詔曰孳育之物不宜減散事遂停寢問主者今典虞右典牧種產牛大小相通有四萬五千餘頭茍不益世用頭數雖多其費日廣古者匹馬丘牛居則以耕出則以戰非如豬羊類也今徒養宜用之牛終為無用之費甚失事宜東南以水田為業人無"]}]}],"toc":[{"id":"chapter-1-section-1","chapter_title":"漢魏六朝百三家集杜預集","section_title":"欽定四庫全書","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-2","chapter_title":"漢魏六朝百三家集杜預集","section_title":"提要","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-3","chapter_title":"漢魏六朝百三家集杜預集","section_title":"欽定四庫全書","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-2-section-1","chapter_title":"杜預集題詞","section_title":"正文","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-3-section-1","chapter_title":"目録","section_title":"正文","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-3-section-2","chapter_title":"目録","section_title":"序","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-3-section-3","chapter_title":"目録","section_title":"春秋左氏傳序","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-3-section-4","chapter_title":"目録","section_title":"律序","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-4-section-1","chapter_title":"欽定四庫全書","section_title":"正文","is_available":true}],"plain_text":"# 漢魏六朝百三家集杜預集\n## 欽定四庫全書\n集部八\n漢魏六朝百三家集\n總集類\n## 提要\n臣等謹案漢魏六朝百三家集一百十八巻明張溥編溥有詩經註疏大全合纂已著録自馮惟訥輯詩紀而漢魏六朝之詩匯於一編自梅鼎祚輯文紀而漢魏六朝之文匯於一編自張燮輯七十二家集而漢魏六朝之遺集匯於一編溥以張氏書為根柢而取馮氏梅氏書中其人著作稍多者排比而附益之以成是集巻帙既繁不免務得貪多失於限斷編録亦往往無法考證亦往往未明有本系經說而入之集者如董仲舒集録春秋陰陽劉向劉歆集録洪範五行傳之類是也有本系史類而入之集者如禇少孫集全録補史記荀悅集全録漢紀論之類是也有本系子書而入之集者如諸葛亮集録心書蕭子云集録凈住子是也有牴牾顯然而不辨者如張衡集録周天大象賦稱魏武黃星之類是也有是非疑似而臆斷者如陳琳傳中有袁紹使掌書記一語遂以三國志注紹冊烏桓單于文録之琳集是也有偽妄無稽而濫收者如東方朔集録真仙通鑑所載與友人書及十洲記序之類是也有移甲入乙而不覺者如庾信集録楊烱文二篇之類是也有采摭未盡者如束晳集所録餅賦寥寥數語不知祝穆事文類聚所載尚多之類是也有割裂失次者如鍾會整合侯命婦傳三國志注截載兩處遂分其首尾各為一篇之類是也有可以成集而遺之者如枚乗七發忘憂館柳賦諫吳王書及玉臺新詠所載古詩可成一巻左思三都賦白髮賦髑髏賦及文選所載詠史詩亦可成一巻而擯落不載之類是也然州分部居以文隸人以人隸代使唐以前作者遺篇一一畧見其梗概雖因人成事要不可謂之無功也周亮工書影曰西蜀楊升庵太史著書至二百餘種豫章朱鬱儀中尉著書至一百十二種當時未聞有茂陵之求張天如雖一時名流然無多撰著當時至見於章奏求其遺書人有幸有不幸如此云云其於溥頗致不滿今案溥所論著不出當時坊刻之習誠可付之無譏若此一編則原原本本足資檢核實逺勝其它作雖使肩隨於二人固亦無不可矣\n乾隆四十六年五月恭校上\n總纂官 臣紀昀 臣陸錫熊 臣孫士毅\n總校官 臣陸費墀\n## 欽定四庫全書\n漢魏六朝百三家集\n巻三十七\n# 杜預集題詞\n左傳之有杜元凱六經之孔孟也當時論者猶以質直見輕豈真貴古而賤今乎子云太玄不遇桓譚幾覆醬瓿元凱釋左非摰虞亦莫知其孤行天地也杜集絶無詩賦意者其雕蟲邪彼惟彌綸經傳自託獲麟下者則薄之誠不欲以此有名也元凱嘗言三不朽庶幾立功立言其事皆踐漢興佐命如鄼侯刀筆髙密書生不免望塵而拜章奏爾雅悉西京風制經術既深凡文皆餘耳不期工而工此學者糞本之說也武庫平吳功堪廟食釋左一書復懸日月之間為世傳習其於聖經為後先疏附也成勞過揚玄矣儲君降服議禮興譏是將通世變以就古人檀弓變禮不辭作俑未可與素冠之詩同相笑也\n# 目録\n奏\n律令註解奏\n黜陟課法略\n秦川軍事\n奏事\n又\n又\n又\n疏\n論水利疏\n又疏\n表\n陳伐吳至計表\n再上伐吳表\n請署羊祜闢士表\n舉賢良方正表\n又\n又\n議\n皇太子釋服議\n畣盧欽魏舒問\n皇太子諒闇終制奏\n又\n祥祫議\n書\n與王浚書\n與子貺書\n歲終帖\n親故帖\n## 序\n## 春秋左氏傳序\n## 律序\n論\n春秋長厯論\n說\n春秋長厯說\n譜\n宗譜\n令\n遺令\n雜文\n酒論\n# 欽定四庫全書\n漢魏六朝百三家集\n巻三十七\n（明）張溥 輯杜預集\n○奏\n上律令註解奏\n法者蓋繩墨之斷例非窮理盡性之書也故文約而例直聽省而禁簡例直易見禁簡難犯易見則人知所避難犯則幾於刑厝厝刑之本在於簡直故必審名分審名分者必忍小理古之刑書銘之鍾鼎鑄之金石所以逺塞異端使無淫巧也今所注皆網羅法意格之以名分使用之者執名例以審趣舍伸繩墨之直去析薪之理也\n上黜陟課法畧\n臣聞上古之政因循自然虛已委誠而信順之道應神感心通而天下之理得逮至淳樸漸散彰美顯惡設官分職以頒爵祿弘宣六典以詳考察然猶倚明哲之輔建忠貞之司使名不得越功而獨美功不得後名而獨隱皆疇諮博詢敷納以言及至末世不能紀逺而求於密微疑諸心而信耳目疑耳目而信簡書簡書愈繁官方愈偽法令滋章巧飾彌多昔漢之刺史亦歲終奏事不制算課而清濁粗舉魏氏考課即京房之遺意其文可謂至密然繇於累細以違其體故歴代不能通也豈若申唐堯之舊去密就簡則簡而易從也夫宣盡物理神而明之存乎其人去人而任法則以傷理今科舉優劣莫若委任達官各考所綂在官一年以後每歲言優者一人為上第劣者一人為下第因訃偕以名聞如此六載主者總集採案其六歲處優舉者超用之六歲處劣舉者奏免之其優多劣少者敘用之劣多優少者左遷之今考課之品所對不鈞誠有難易若以難取優以易而否主者固當凖量輕重微加降殺不足復曲以法盡也已醜詔書以考課難成聽通薦例薦例之理即亦取於風聲六年頓薦黜陟無漸又非古者三考之意也今每歲一考則積優以成陟累劣以取黜以士君子之心相處未有官故六年六黜清能六進否劣者也監司將亦隨而彈之若令上下公相容過此為清議大頹亦無取於黜陟也\n秦川軍事\n臣嘗聞邊人說虜專以騎為寇穿塹不如作馬埳馬埳法坑方三尺錯平穿之虜騎非下馬平治則終不得入又其外蹊要路亦可隨作塢施槍埳中訖薄覆其上如此則虜當築地而行不敢輒往來也\n奏事\n竊惟籍田令本以籍田千畝十頃之田計其案行周旋不過數里凡宗廟粢盛御用膳羞及群神之調於是取所籍戶口足以當一縣一邑所供至重事貴臨履也\n又\n臣前在南聞魏興西北山有野牛野羊牛之大者二千斤羊之大者數百斤試令四求今者各得一枚並頭角蹄按其形不與中土相似然是野獸中所希有\n又\n藥杵臼澡盤熨斗釡甕銚盤鎢鋗皆亦民間之急用也\n又\n被勑以臣造新律事律吏杜景李復等造律皆未清本末之意者也\n○疏\n論水利疏\n臣輒思惟今者水災東南特劇非但五稼不收居業並損下回所在停汙髙地皆多磽塉此即百姓困窮方在來年雖詔書切告長吏二千石為之設計而不廓開大制定其趨舍之宜恐徒文具所益蓋薄當今秋夏蔬食之時而百姓已有不贍前至冬春野無青草則必指仰官榖以為生命此乃一方之大事不可不豫為思慮者也臣愚謂既以水為困當恃魚菜螺蜯而洪波氾濫貧弱者終不能得今者宜大壞兗豫州東界諸陂隨其所歸而宜導之交令飢者盡得水產之饒百姓不出境界之內旦暮野食此目下日給之益也水去之後填淤之田畝收數鍾至春大種五榖必豐此又明年之益也臣前啟典牧種牛不供耕駕至於老不穿鼻者無益於用而徒有吏士榖艹之費歲送任駕者甚少尚復不調習宜大出賣以易榖及為賞直詔曰孳育之物不宜減散事遂停寢問主者今典虞右典牧種產牛大小相通有四萬五千餘頭茍不益世用頭數雖多其費日廣古者匹馬丘牛居則以耕出則以戰非如豬羊類也今徒養宜用之牛終為無用之費甚失事宜東南以水田為業人無","is_preview":true,"preview_page_limit":10}