{"resource_id":6851,"title":"官箴集要","format":"md","encoding":"utf-8","chapters":[{"id":"chapter-1","title":"官箴集要　　（明）汪天錫 輯","sections":[{"id":"chapter-1-section-1","title":"●目錄","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-2","title":"序","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-3","title":"卷之上","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-4","title":"卷下","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-5","title":"後序","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-6","title":"跋","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-7","title":"●序","paragraphs":["官箴集要若干卷其言出仕宦箴規晝簾緒論諸書其所論說自紀綱法度以及隱幽微細之務靡不盡其櫽括以就是編則今侍御汝陽張公以意屬仁和教諭汪天錫為之始公按淛三月亟梓文公先生小學授其屬之仕者學者及再閱月是編成又梓授焉階因得再拜公賜作而嘆曰嗚呼公之詔吾人以政其可謂至焉爾巳雖然公將梓是編也而必先之以小學則其意豈徒然乎夫政與學非二物也顧三代以上政與學一而仁義禮樂之澤達於天下三代以降政與學析而為二而仁義禮樂為虛談此其故何也古之時士知以仁義禮樂修其身而巳未始求夫政者而講明之也然自其習於仁也則所以育萬民者存焉自其習於義也則所以正萬民者存焉自其習於禮於樂也則所以節民和民者存焉本諸其身施諸天下惟天下亦自感發於所性之同與其踐履之實而以順以化雖欲二之烏得而二之也後世修身之義不明士指其訓詁詞章名之曰學一旦立於民上則見夫向之所習果不足以為治不得巳俛出於刑名術數以要近功及行之既久亦遂不覺其非名之曰政而顓顓焉執以待用雖欲一之又烏得而一之也故天下不患無善政患無實學古之學者方其出入家塾黨庠之間則巳日從事於修身以植夫大人之德業矣其後聖王不作小學遂廢繼遭秦火書亦泯而弗傳文公先生輯今所謂小學者以補古之遺缺其為教雖以行之蒙士然其言固曰是修身齊家治國平天下之本也嗚呼士大夫習乎此所謂政與學一者其庶幾乎而於是編之所論說亦可以舉之而不遺施之而不悖乎是故公於茲刻其後先之間用意深矣階不敏僭有志於三代之學之政嘗欲一闡斯義告諸好古君子乃今於公重有契焉竊懼夫讀是編者苟不得公之意則終將析政與學而二之也遂承公命序諸簡端若公激揚風裁□巳格物不專以書者當自有良史言之茲未能悉著雲嘉靖乙未仲秋?臣月王?日"]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-8","title":"賜進士及第浙江按察司僉事奉敕提督學校前翰林編修兼經筵官同修　會典　成典華亭徐階序","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-9","title":"●官箴集要卷之上","paragraphs":["浙江嘉興府知府鄭鋼校正","正心篇","正已篇","持廉篇","正內篇","職守篇","宣化篇","接人篇","馭下篇","慎獄篇","◆正心篇","體民心","不欺","公正","誠愛生智","戒忍刻","克偏性","主敬","清心","充德量","察辱","○體民心","天無心以天子為心天子無心以百官為心 【 百官者公侯伯子男也】 百官亦無心以萬民為心也得民心者可名為官失民心者何足道哉","○不欺","高不可欺者天也尊不可欺者父也上不可欺者君也下不可欺者民也欺天欺父欺君欺民是名濫官汙吏也","○公正","夫居官守職以公正為先公則不為私所惑正則不為邪所媚凡行事涉邪私者皆由不公正故也至公至正雖有邪私亦不為媚惑矣","○誠愛生智","赤子之生無有知識然母之者常先意得其所欲焉其理無他誠而巳矣誠生愛愛生智惟其誠故愛無不周惟其愛故智無不及吏之於民與是奚異哉誠有子民之心則不患其才智之不及矣","○戒忍刻","張九齡以功名忠義奮振一時可謂君子矣然或者謂其處士大夫之有辜者必致窮絕之地以故一念不仁所以無嗣人心之不可不仁如此哉夫好生惡死人之常情趨利避害世之常態置一物於必窮之地者君子不為也況作好惡於其間耶九齡盛德之士也一念之差猶不免於絕嗣丁謂盧多遜之輩當何如耶","○克偏性","夫及物之心人孰不有第材質強劣有所不同苟即其所短而痛自克治則官無難為事無不集者矣弛緩克之以敏浮薄克之以莊率略克之以詳煩苛克之以大體苟不度所性一狥巳之偏而處之鮮有不敗者矣古人佩弦佩韋亦皆此意今人往往讀書無益蒞官不才者皆由狃於習而不知痛自克治故也","因一事不快於心而遷怒之心妄發此其大病","不可乘怒而多言不可乘快而易事","○主敬","處己接物事上使下皆當以敬為主敬則立怠則廢持已得一敬字接人得一謙字","○清心","清心省事居官守身之要","心靜能處事","心地幹凈自然寬平","○充德量","書曰必有容德乃大必有忍乃有濟君子立心未有不成於容忍而敗於不容忍也容則能恕人忍則能耐事一毫之咈即勃然而怒一事之違即憤然而發是無涵養之力薄福之人也是故大丈夫當容人而不可為人容當制欲而不可為欲制觀婁師德丙吉之為人則氣自平而理自明矣昔人云忍所不能忍容所不能容惟識量過人者能之若顏子犯而不較乃其量大聞人毀已即咈然而怒其小也固矣","○察辱","辱之一事最所難忍自古豪傑之士多由此敗也竊意辱之來也察其人如何彼為小人耶則直在我何怒之有彼為君子耶則直在彼何怒之有世之人不審辱之所自來一以怒應之此其所以相仇而相害也歟","◆正已篇","禮體","紀綱","政體","定見","立信","遠讒謟","嫌疑","出入","慎言語","觀人","臨事","戒淺露","○禮體","夫禮宜謙謹體宜正大經雲君子正其衣冠尊其瞻視儼然人望而畏之斯不亦威而不猛乎又曰臨之以莊則敬葢在人之上一語一默一動一靜人之瞻視不可不謹惟欲平居之際加持守不可放縱臨民之時容止可觀進退可□語言和謹處事安詳則不失其禮體矣","○紀綱","為政者必湏先立紀綱紀綱一定則衙門整肅吏卒敬畏公事易為辦集其或因循苟且委靡不振吏胥將縱其奸小民均受其害然又必有始有終","○政體","居官以公平正大為體勤謹和緩為先公平則不致於偏私正大則不致於苛細勤謹則不致於怠慢和緩則不致於躁暴以此立行隨事精察詳審造次必於是顛沛必於是守之弗失則政無不備事無不舉矣","○定見","凡行事必湏先立定見始終不易不至為奸吏所搖動如錢糧刑名科差造作皆當有一定之見使吏胥不能測其機鋒若吾機可測則吏胥左右逄迎巧生奸計以此易彼誣輕為重賣弄樁配者多矣持循既久信孚於民吏胥雖欲借倩其可得乎","○立信","自古皆有死民無信不立葢信者國家之寶不可一日無者也是以為政者必以信為主則民聽不惑萬事立矣苟為不然朝令夕改先緩後急雖欲言治其可得乎","○遠讒謟","凡居官處事最不可信讒謟諛佞之人變亂是非顛倒曲直在上苟藉以顏色倘或聽信一話則讒謟之計浸潤之譖日漸月染得以肆行其志且小人巧言令色送暖偷寒針穿紙裹說是道非妨害政事何可勝言論語曰是故惡夫佞者為政者首以遠讒為戒","○嫌疑","嫌疑之事皆當防於未然昔陳壽以使婢丸藥見譏馬援以輦致薏苡興謗良有以也古云瓜田不納履李下不整冠凡事一涉嫌疑則造言生事之人得以肆其奸矣可不慎哉","○出入","居官者當慎出入凡不當遊之地不當至之所皆不可詣萬一不然汙玷名節噬臍無及矣無故出境者自有條律","○慎言語","為官最宜安重下所瞻仰一發言不當深愧之","輕言則納侮","輕言戲謔最害事葢言不妄發則出言而人信之苟輕言戲謔後雖有誠實之言人亦弗之信矣","常默最妙巳心既存而人自生敬","夫一言既出駟馬難追所以君子欲訥於言而敏於行為人上者民所視效凡有語言豈可"]}]}],"toc":[{"id":"chapter-1-section-1","chapter_title":"官箴集要　　（明）汪天錫 輯","section_title":"●目錄","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-2","chapter_title":"官箴集要　　（明）汪天錫 輯","section_title":"序","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-3","chapter_title":"官箴集要　　（明）汪天錫 輯","section_title":"卷之上","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-4","chapter_title":"官箴集要　　（明）汪天錫 輯","section_title":"卷下","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-5","chapter_title":"官箴集要　　（明）汪天錫 輯","section_title":"後序","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-6","chapter_title":"官箴集要　　（明）汪天錫 輯","section_title":"跋","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-7","chapter_title":"官箴集要　　（明）汪天錫 輯","section_title":"●序","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-8","chapter_title":"官箴集要　　（明）汪天錫 輯","section_title":"賜進士及第浙江按察司僉事奉敕提督學校前翰林編修兼經筵官同修　會典　成典華亭徐階序","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-9","chapter_title":"官箴集要　　（明）汪天錫 輯","section_title":"●官箴集要卷之上","is_available":true}],"plain_text":"# 官箴集要　　（明）汪天錫 輯\n## ●目錄\n## 序\n## 卷之上\n## 卷下\n## 後序\n## 跋\n## ●序\n官箴集要若干卷其言出仕宦箴規晝簾緒論諸書其所論說自紀綱法度以及隱幽微細之務靡不盡其櫽括以就是編則今侍御汝陽張公以意屬仁和教諭汪天錫為之始公按淛三月亟梓文公先生小學授其屬之仕者學者及再閱月是編成又梓授焉階因得再拜公賜作而嘆曰嗚呼公之詔吾人以政其可謂至焉爾巳雖然公將梓是編也而必先之以小學則其意豈徒然乎夫政與學非二物也顧三代以上政與學一而仁義禮樂之澤達於天下三代以降政與學析而為二而仁義禮樂為虛談此其故何也古之時士知以仁義禮樂修其身而巳未始求夫政者而講明之也然自其習於仁也則所以育萬民者存焉自其習於義也則所以正萬民者存焉自其習於禮於樂也則所以節民和民者存焉本諸其身施諸天下惟天下亦自感發於所性之同與其踐履之實而以順以化雖欲二之烏得而二之也後世修身之義不明士指其訓詁詞章名之曰學一旦立於民上則見夫向之所習果不足以為治不得巳俛出於刑名術數以要近功及行之既久亦遂不覺其非名之曰政而顓顓焉執以待用雖欲一之又烏得而一之也故天下不患無善政患無實學古之學者方其出入家塾黨庠之間則巳日從事於修身以植夫大人之德業矣其後聖王不作小學遂廢繼遭秦火書亦泯而弗傳文公先生輯今所謂小學者以補古之遺缺其為教雖以行之蒙士然其言固曰是修身齊家治國平天下之本也嗚呼士大夫習乎此所謂政與學一者其庶幾乎而於是編之所論說亦可以舉之而不遺施之而不悖乎是故公於茲刻其後先之間用意深矣階不敏僭有志於三代之學之政嘗欲一闡斯義告諸好古君子乃今於公重有契焉竊懼夫讀是編者苟不得公之意則終將析政與學而二之也遂承公命序諸簡端若公激揚風裁□巳格物不專以書者當自有良史言之茲未能悉著雲嘉靖乙未仲秋?臣月王?日\n## 賜進士及第浙江按察司僉事奉敕提督學校前翰林編修兼經筵官同修　會典　成典華亭徐階序\n## ●官箴集要卷之上\n浙江嘉興府知府鄭鋼校正\n正心篇\n正已篇\n持廉篇\n正內篇\n職守篇\n宣化篇\n接人篇\n馭下篇\n慎獄篇\n◆正心篇\n體民心\n不欺\n公正\n誠愛生智\n戒忍刻\n克偏性\n主敬\n清心\n充德量\n察辱\n○體民心\n天無心以天子為心天子無心以百官為心 【 百官者公侯伯子男也】 百官亦無心以萬民為心也得民心者可名為官失民心者何足道哉\n○不欺\n高不可欺者天也尊不可欺者父也上不可欺者君也下不可欺者民也欺天欺父欺君欺民是名濫官汙吏也\n○公正\n夫居官守職以公正為先公則不為私所惑正則不為邪所媚凡行事涉邪私者皆由不公正故也至公至正雖有邪私亦不為媚惑矣\n○誠愛生智\n赤子之生無有知識然母之者常先意得其所欲焉其理無他誠而巳矣誠生愛愛生智惟其誠故愛無不周惟其愛故智無不及吏之於民與是奚異哉誠有子民之心則不患其才智之不及矣\n○戒忍刻\n張九齡以功名忠義奮振一時可謂君子矣然或者謂其處士大夫之有辜者必致窮絕之地以故一念不仁所以無嗣人心之不可不仁如此哉夫好生惡死人之常情趨利避害世之常態置一物於必窮之地者君子不為也況作好惡於其間耶九齡盛德之士也一念之差猶不免於絕嗣丁謂盧多遜之輩當何如耶\n○克偏性\n夫及物之心人孰不有第材質強劣有所不同苟即其所短而痛自克治則官無難為事無不集者矣弛緩克之以敏浮薄克之以莊率略克之以詳煩苛克之以大體苟不度所性一狥巳之偏而處之鮮有不敗者矣古人佩弦佩韋亦皆此意今人往往讀書無益蒞官不才者皆由狃於習而不知痛自克治故也\n因一事不快於心而遷怒之心妄發此其大病\n不可乘怒而多言不可乘快而易事\n○主敬\n處己接物事上使下皆當以敬為主敬則立怠則廢持已得一敬字接人得一謙字\n○清心\n清心省事居官守身之要\n心靜能處事\n心地幹凈自然寬平\n○充德量\n書曰必有容德乃大必有忍乃有濟君子立心未有不成於容忍而敗於不容忍也容則能恕人忍則能耐事一毫之咈即勃然而怒一事之違即憤然而發是無涵養之力薄福之人也是故大丈夫當容人而不可為人容當制欲而不可為欲制觀婁師德丙吉之為人則氣自平而理自明矣昔人云忍所不能忍容所不能容惟識量過人者能之若顏子犯而不較乃其量大聞人毀已即咈然而怒其小也固矣\n○察辱\n辱之一事最所難忍自古豪傑之士多由此敗也竊意辱之來也察其人如何彼為小人耶則直在我何怒之有彼為君子耶則直在彼何怒之有世之人不審辱之所自來一以怒應之此其所以相仇而相害也歟\n◆正已篇\n禮體\n紀綱\n政體\n定見\n立信\n遠讒謟\n嫌疑\n出入\n慎言語\n觀人\n臨事\n戒淺露\n○禮體\n夫禮宜謙謹體宜正大經雲君子正其衣冠尊其瞻視儼然人望而畏之斯不亦威而不猛乎又曰臨之以莊則敬葢在人之上一語一默一動一靜人之瞻視不可不謹惟欲平居之際加持守不可放縱臨民之時容止可觀進退可□語言和謹處事安詳則不失其禮體矣\n○紀綱\n為政者必湏先立紀綱紀綱一定則衙門整肅吏卒敬畏公事易為辦集其或因循苟且委靡不振吏胥將縱其奸小民均受其害然又必有始有終\n○政體\n居官以公平正大為體勤謹和緩為先公平則不致於偏私正大則不致於苛細勤謹則不致於怠慢和緩則不致於躁暴以此立行隨事精察詳審造次必於是顛沛必於是守之弗失則政無不備事無不舉矣\n○定見\n凡行事必湏先立定見始終不易不至為奸吏所搖動如錢糧刑名科差造作皆當有一定之見使吏胥不能測其機鋒若吾機可測則吏胥左右逄迎巧生奸計以此易彼誣輕為重賣弄樁配者多矣持循既久信孚於民吏胥雖欲借倩其可得乎\n○立信\n自古皆有死民無信不立葢信者國家之寶不可一日無者也是以為政者必以信為主則民聽不惑萬事立矣苟為不然朝令夕改先緩後急雖欲言治其可得乎\n○遠讒謟\n凡居官處事最不可信讒謟諛佞之人變亂是非顛倒曲直在上苟藉以顏色倘或聽信一話則讒謟之計浸潤之譖日漸月染得以肆行其志且小人巧言令色送暖偷寒針穿紙裹說是道非妨害政事何可勝言論語曰是故惡夫佞者為政者首以遠讒為戒\n○嫌疑\n嫌疑之事皆當防於未然昔陳壽以使婢丸藥見譏馬援以輦致薏苡興謗良有以也古云瓜田不納履李下不整冠凡事一涉嫌疑則造言生事之人得以肆其奸矣可不慎哉\n○出入\n居官者當慎出入凡不當遊之地不當至之所皆不可詣萬一不然汙玷名節噬臍無及矣無故出境者自有條律\n○慎言語\n為官最宜安重下所瞻仰一發言不當深愧之\n輕言則納侮\n輕言戲謔最害事葢言不妄發則出言而人信之苟輕言戲謔後雖有誠實之言人亦弗之信矣\n常默最妙巳心既存而人自生敬\n夫一言既出駟馬難追所以君子欲訥於言而敏於行為人上者民所視效凡有語言豈可","is_preview":true,"preview_page_limit":10}