{"resource_id":6677,"title":"渤海考","format":"md","encoding":"utf-8","chapters":[{"id":"chapter-1","title":"渤海考","sections":[{"id":"chapter-1-section-1","title":"正文","paragraphs":["柳得恭","餘嘗西踰鴨綠道　陽至遼陽其間五六百里大抵皆大山深谷出狼子山始見平原無際混混茫茫日月飛鳥升沈於野氣之中而回視東北諸山環天塞地　若畵一向所稱大山深谷皆遼東千里之外障也乃　然而嘆曰此天限也夫遼東天下之一隅也然而英雄帝王之興莫盛於此蓋其地接燕齊易　中國之勢故渤海大氏以區區散亡之餘劃山外而棄之猶足以雄視一方抗沖天下高麗王氏統合三韓終其世不敢出鴨綠一步則山川割據得失之跡槪可以見矣夫婦人之見不逾屋脊孩提之遊僅及門　則固不足語垣牆之外矣士生新羅九州島之內錮其目而廢其耳且不知漢唐宋明興亡戰亡之事而　於渤海之故哉吾友柳君惠風博學工詩　於掌故旣撰二十一都詩注以詳域內之觀又推之為渤海考一卷人物郡縣世次沿革組縷纖悉錯綜可喜而其言也嘆王氏之不能複句驪舊疆也王氏之不復舊疆而雞林樂浪之墟遂貿貿焉自絶於天下矣吾於是有以知前見之相符而嘆柳君之才能審天下之勢　王覇之略又豈特備一國之文獻與胡恢馬令之書契其長短而已哉故序而論之如此","上之九年秋","高麗不修渤海史知高麗之不振也昔者高氏居於北曰高句麗扶余氏居於西南曰百濟樸昔金氏居於東南曰新羅是為三國宜其有三國史而高麗修之是矣及扶余氏亡高氏亡金氏有其南大氏有其北曰渤海是謂南北國宜其有南北國史而高麗不修之非矣夫大氏者何人也乃高句麗之人也其所有之地何地也乃高句麗之地也而斥其東斥其西斥其北而大之耳及夫金氏亡大氏亡王氏統而有之曰高麗其南有金氏之地則全而其北有大氏之地則不全或入於女眞或入於契丹當是時為高麗計者宜急修渤海史執而責諸女眞曰何不歸我渤海之地渤海之地乃高句麗之地也使一將軍往收之土門以北可有執而責諸契丹曰何不歸我渤海之地渤海之地乃高句麗之地也使一將軍往收之鴨綠以西可有也竟不修渤海史使土門以北鴨綠以西不知為誰氏之地欲責女眞而無其辭欲責契丹而無其辭高麗遂為弱國者未得渤海之地故也可勝嘆哉或曰渤海為遼所滅高麗何從而修其史乎此有不然者渤海憲象中國必立史官其忽汗城之破也世子以下奔高麗者十餘萬人無其官則必有其書矣無其官無其書而問於世子則其世可知也問於隱繼宗則其禮可知也問於十餘萬人則無不可知也張建章唐人也尙著渤海國記以高麗之人而獨不可修渤海之史乎鳴呼文獻散亡幾百年之後雖欲修之不可得矣餘以內閣屬官頗讀秘書撰次渤海事為君臣地理職官儀章物產國語國書屬國九考不曰世家傳志而曰考者未成史也亦不敢以史自居雲甲辰閏三月二十五日"]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-2","title":"目錄","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-3","title":"君考","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-4","title":"臣考","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-5","title":"地理考","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-6","title":"職官考","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-7","title":"儀章考","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-8","title":"物產考","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-9","title":"國書考","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-10","title":"國語考","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-11","title":"屬國考","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-12","title":"引用書目","paragraphs":["舊唐書劉煦新唐書宋祁","五代史歐陽修宋史脫脫","遼史脫脫資治通鑑司馬光","三國史金富軾高麗史鄭麟趾","東國通鑑徐居正續日本紀管野朝臣眞道","日本逸史通典杜佑","通志鄭樵文獻通考馬端臨","文獻備考大明一統志","淸一統志盛京通志","萬姓統譜凌迪知永順太氏族譜","輿地勝覽全唐詩"]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-13","title":"君考","paragraphs":["震國公","震國公姓大氏名乞乞仲像粟末靺鞨人也粟末靺鞨者臣於高句麗者也或言大氏出自大庭氏東夷之有大氏自大連始也唐高宗總章元年高句麗滅仲象與子祚榮率家屬徙居營州稱舍利舍利者契丹語帳官也武后萬歲通天二年契丹松漠都督李盡忠歸誠州刺史孫萬榮叛唐陷營州殺都督趙文　仲象懼與靺鞨酋乞四比羽及高句麗破部東走度遼水保太白山之東北阻奧婁河樹壁自固武后封仲象為震國公比羽為許國公比羽不受命武后詔玉鈐衛大將軍李楷固中郞將索仇擊斬比羽是時仲象已卒","高王","高王諱祚榮震國公子也嘗為高句麗將驍勇善騎射及震國公卒乞四比羽敗死祚榮遁李楷固窮　度天門嶺祚榮引高句麗靺鞨兵大破之楷固僅以身免祚榮卽幷比羽之眾據　婁之東牟山靺鞨及高句麗舊人悉歸之遂遣使交突厥略有扶余沃沮朝鮮弁韓海北十餘國東窮海西契丹南接新羅以泥河為界地方五千裡戶十餘萬勝兵數萬學習書契俗與高句麗契丹略同聖歷中國號震新唐書作振文獻備考曰震朝自立為震國王築忽汗城以居直營州東二千里時奚契丹皆叛唐道路阻絶武后不能致討焉中宗卽位遣侍御史張行　慰撫之王亦遣子入侍玄宗先天二年遣郎將崔　冊王左驍衛大將軍渤海郡王以所統為忽汗州領忽汗州都督始去靺鞨號專稱渤海自是以後世朝獻唐餘幽州節度府相聘問屯勁兵於扶余府以備契丹玄宗開元七年王薨三月丙辰赴唐","武王","武王諱武藝高王子也初封桂婁郡王開元七年六月丁卯唐以左監門率吳思謙攝鴻　卿充使弔祭冊王左驍衛大將軍忽汗州都督渤海郡王王遂改元仁安開斥土宇因其俗不立館驛處處置村落以靺鞨為民大村置都督次曰制史其下曰首領東北諸夷皆畏而臣之開元十年黑水靺鞨使者入朝唐玄宗以其地建黑水州置長史臨總王召群臣謀曰黑水始假道於我與唐通異時請吐屯於突厥皆先告我與我使偕行今請唐官不吾告是必與唐謀腹背攻我也乃遣弟門藝及舅雅雅相發兵擊黑水門藝諫不從奔唐由是貳於唐開元二十年遣大將張文休率海賊越海攻登州殺刺史"]}]}],"toc":[{"id":"chapter-1-section-1","chapter_title":"渤海考","section_title":"正文","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-2","chapter_title":"渤海考","section_title":"目錄","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-3","chapter_title":"渤海考","section_title":"君考","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-4","chapter_title":"渤海考","section_title":"臣考","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-5","chapter_title":"渤海考","section_title":"地理考","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-6","chapter_title":"渤海考","section_title":"職官考","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-7","chapter_title":"渤海考","section_title":"儀章考","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-8","chapter_title":"渤海考","section_title":"物產考","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-9","chapter_title":"渤海考","section_title":"國書考","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-10","chapter_title":"渤海考","section_title":"國語考","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-11","chapter_title":"渤海考","section_title":"屬國考","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-12","chapter_title":"渤海考","section_title":"引用書目","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-13","chapter_title":"渤海考","section_title":"君考","is_available":true}],"plain_text":"# 渤海考\n柳得恭\n餘嘗西踰鴨綠道　陽至遼陽其間五六百里大抵皆大山深谷出狼子山始見平原無際混混茫茫日月飛鳥升沈於野氣之中而回視東北諸山環天塞地　若畵一向所稱大山深谷皆遼東千里之外障也乃　然而嘆曰此天限也夫遼東天下之一隅也然而英雄帝王之興莫盛於此蓋其地接燕齊易　中國之勢故渤海大氏以區區散亡之餘劃山外而棄之猶足以雄視一方抗沖天下高麗王氏統合三韓終其世不敢出鴨綠一步則山川割據得失之跡槪可以見矣夫婦人之見不逾屋脊孩提之遊僅及門　則固不足語垣牆之外矣士生新羅九州島之內錮其目而廢其耳且不知漢唐宋明興亡戰亡之事而　於渤海之故哉吾友柳君惠風博學工詩　於掌故旣撰二十一都詩注以詳域內之觀又推之為渤海考一卷人物郡縣世次沿革組縷纖悉錯綜可喜而其言也嘆王氏之不能複句驪舊疆也王氏之不復舊疆而雞林樂浪之墟遂貿貿焉自絶於天下矣吾於是有以知前見之相符而嘆柳君之才能審天下之勢　王覇之略又豈特備一國之文獻與胡恢馬令之書契其長短而已哉故序而論之如此\n上之九年秋\n高麗不修渤海史知高麗之不振也昔者高氏居於北曰高句麗扶余氏居於西南曰百濟樸昔金氏居於東南曰新羅是為三國宜其有三國史而高麗修之是矣及扶余氏亡高氏亡金氏有其南大氏有其北曰渤海是謂南北國宜其有南北國史而高麗不修之非矣夫大氏者何人也乃高句麗之人也其所有之地何地也乃高句麗之地也而斥其東斥其西斥其北而大之耳及夫金氏亡大氏亡王氏統而有之曰高麗其南有金氏之地則全而其北有大氏之地則不全或入於女眞或入於契丹當是時為高麗計者宜急修渤海史執而責諸女眞曰何不歸我渤海之地渤海之地乃高句麗之地也使一將軍往收之土門以北可有執而責諸契丹曰何不歸我渤海之地渤海之地乃高句麗之地也使一將軍往收之鴨綠以西可有也竟不修渤海史使土門以北鴨綠以西不知為誰氏之地欲責女眞而無其辭欲責契丹而無其辭高麗遂為弱國者未得渤海之地故也可勝嘆哉或曰渤海為遼所滅高麗何從而修其史乎此有不然者渤海憲象中國必立史官其忽汗城之破也世子以下奔高麗者十餘萬人無其官則必有其書矣無其官無其書而問於世子則其世可知也問於隱繼宗則其禮可知也問於十餘萬人則無不可知也張建章唐人也尙著渤海國記以高麗之人而獨不可修渤海之史乎鳴呼文獻散亡幾百年之後雖欲修之不可得矣餘以內閣屬官頗讀秘書撰次渤海事為君臣地理職官儀章物產國語國書屬國九考不曰世家傳志而曰考者未成史也亦不敢以史自居雲甲辰閏三月二十五日\n## 目錄\n## 君考\n## 臣考\n## 地理考\n## 職官考\n## 儀章考\n## 物產考\n## 國書考\n## 國語考\n## 屬國考\n## 引用書目\n舊唐書劉煦新唐書宋祁\n五代史歐陽修宋史脫脫\n遼史脫脫資治通鑑司馬光\n三國史金富軾高麗史鄭麟趾\n東國通鑑徐居正續日本紀管野朝臣眞道\n日本逸史通典杜佑\n通志鄭樵文獻通考馬端臨\n文獻備考大明一統志\n淸一統志盛京通志\n萬姓統譜凌迪知永順太氏族譜\n輿地勝覽全唐詩\n## 君考\n震國公\n震國公姓大氏名乞乞仲像粟末靺鞨人也粟末靺鞨者臣於高句麗者也或言大氏出自大庭氏東夷之有大氏自大連始也唐高宗總章元年高句麗滅仲象與子祚榮率家屬徙居營州稱舍利舍利者契丹語帳官也武后萬歲通天二年契丹松漠都督李盡忠歸誠州刺史孫萬榮叛唐陷營州殺都督趙文　仲象懼與靺鞨酋乞四比羽及高句麗破部東走度遼水保太白山之東北阻奧婁河樹壁自固武后封仲象為震國公比羽為許國公比羽不受命武后詔玉鈐衛大將軍李楷固中郞將索仇擊斬比羽是時仲象已卒\n高王\n高王諱祚榮震國公子也嘗為高句麗將驍勇善騎射及震國公卒乞四比羽敗死祚榮遁李楷固窮　度天門嶺祚榮引高句麗靺鞨兵大破之楷固僅以身免祚榮卽幷比羽之眾據　婁之東牟山靺鞨及高句麗舊人悉歸之遂遣使交突厥略有扶余沃沮朝鮮弁韓海北十餘國東窮海西契丹南接新羅以泥河為界地方五千裡戶十餘萬勝兵數萬學習書契俗與高句麗契丹略同聖歷中國號震新唐書作振文獻備考曰震朝自立為震國王築忽汗城以居直營州東二千里時奚契丹皆叛唐道路阻絶武后不能致討焉中宗卽位遣侍御史張行　慰撫之王亦遣子入侍玄宗先天二年遣郎將崔　冊王左驍衛大將軍渤海郡王以所統為忽汗州領忽汗州都督始去靺鞨號專稱渤海自是以後世朝獻唐餘幽州節度府相聘問屯勁兵於扶余府以備契丹玄宗開元七年王薨三月丙辰赴唐\n武王\n武王諱武藝高王子也初封桂婁郡王開元七年六月丁卯唐以左監門率吳思謙攝鴻　卿充使弔祭冊王左驍衛大將軍忽汗州都督渤海郡王王遂改元仁安開斥土宇因其俗不立館驛處處置村落以靺鞨為民大村置都督次曰制史其下曰首領東北諸夷皆畏而臣之開元十年黑水靺鞨使者入朝唐玄宗以其地建黑水州置長史臨總王召群臣謀曰黑水始假道於我與唐通異時請吐屯於突厥皆先告我與我使偕行今請唐官不吾告是必與唐謀腹背攻我也乃遣弟門藝及舅雅雅相發兵擊黑水門藝諫不從奔唐由是貳於唐開元二十年遣大將張文休率海賊越海攻登州殺刺史","is_preview":true,"preview_page_limit":10}