{"resource_id":6043,"title":"古今图书集成286","format":"md","encoding":"utf-8","chapters":[{"id":"chapter-1","title":"古今圖書整合286","sections":[{"id":"chapter-1-section-1","title":"正文","paragraphs":["賞罰部總論","書經","虞書□陶謨","天命有德五服五章哉天討有罪五刑五用哉政事","懋哉懋哉","蔡","傳","言天命有德之人則五等之服以彰顯之天討","有罪之人則五等之刑以懲戒之蓋爵賞刑罰乃","人君之政事君主之臣用之當勉勉而不可怠者","也","大","全","呂氏曰賞罰當純乎天此心當懋勉不已一","有怠息賞罰我之賞罰非天之賞罰矣","商書仲虺之誥","德懋懋官功懋懋賞","蔡","傳","言人之懋於德者則懋之以官人之懋於功者","則懋之以賞也","周書康王之誥","惟新陟王畢協賞罰戡定厥功用敷遺後人休今王","敬之哉","大","全","臨川吳氏曰賞當功罰當罪盡合其宜克勝其","任安定文武之功用能延及於今後人有此休美","今王嗣位其敬之哉","畢命","旌別淑慝表厥宅裡彰善癉惡樹之風聲弗率訓典","殊厥井疆俾克畏慕申畫郊圻慎固封守以康四海","大","全","王氏曰彰善者而著之則惡者恥其不若然則","惡者病矣使人有所觀感曰風使人有所聽聞曰","聲","詩經","商頌殷武","天命降監下民有嚴不僣不濫不敢怠遑命於下國","封建厥福","朱","注","僣賞之差也濫刑之過也言天命降監不在乎","他皆在民之視聽則下民亦有嚴矣雖賞不僣刑","不濫而不敢怠遑則天命之以天下而大建其福","此高宗所以受命而中興也","禮記","王制","爵人於朝與士共之刑人於市與眾棄之","疏","爵人於朝殷法也周則天子假祖廟而拜授之","刑人於市亦殷法謂貴賤皆刑于市周則有爵者","刑于甸師氏也","表記","子曰夏道尊命事鬼敬神而遠之近人而忠焉先祿","而後威先賞而後罰親而不尊其民之敝惷而愚喬","而野樸而不文殷人尊神率民以事神先鬼而後禮","先罰而後賞尊而不親其民之敝蕩而不靜勝而無","恥周人尊禮尚施事鬼神而遠之近人而忠焉其賞","罰用爵列親而不尊其民之敝利而巧文而不慚賊","而敝","陳","注","先祿後威先賞後罰皆是忠厚感人之意故民","雖知親其上而尊君之意則未也故曰親而不尊","惷愚驕傲鄙野質樸之敝皆忠之末流也殷人慾","矯其敝故以敬畏為道先其罰之可畏後其賞之","可慕尊則尊矣而親愛之情則無由生也故曰尊","而不親流蕩而不知靜定之所者尊上鬼神之敝","務自勝以免刑而無恥者先罰後賞之敝也周人","見其然故尊禮以矯後禮之失尚施惠以為恩亦","如夏時之近人而忠其賞罰亦無先後但以爵列","之高下為準如車服土田之賞有命數之異刑罰","之施有八辟之議及命夫命婦不躬坐獄訟之類","皆是也故亦如夏世之親而不尊其後民皆便利","而多機巧美文辭而言之不怍賊害而蔽於理皆","尊禮太過文沒其實之所致","子曰夏道未瀆辭不求備不大望於民民未厭其親","殷人未瀆禮而求備於民周人強民未瀆神而賞爵","刑罰窮矣","緇衣","子曰有國家者章善癉惡以示民厚則民情不貳詩","雲靖共爾位好是正直","疏","言為國者有善以賞章明之有惡則以刑癉病","之也","汲冢周書","度訓解","賞多罰少政之美也罰多賞少政之惡也罰多則困","賞多則乏","管子","權修","凡牧民者欲民之可御也欲民之可御則法不可不","審法者將立朝廷者也將立朝廷者則爵服不可不","貴也爵服加於不義則民賤其爵服民賤其爵服則","人主不尊人主不尊則令不行矣法者將用民力者","也將用民力者則祿賞不可不重也祿賞加於無功","則民輕其祿賞民輕其祿賞則上無以勸民上無以","勸民則令不行矣法者將用民能者也將用民能者","則授官不可不審也授官不審則民間其治民間其","治則理不上通理不上通則下怨其上下怨其上則","令不行矣法者將用民之死命者也用民之死命者","則刑罰不可不審刑罰不審則有闢就有闢就則殺","不辜而赦有罪殺不辜而赦有罪則國不免於賊臣","矣故夫爵服賤祿賞輕民間其治賊臣首難此謂敗","國之教也","君臣","有善者不留其賞故民不私其利有過者不宿其罰","故民不疾其威威罰之制無逾於民則人歸親於上","矣","任法","夫愛人不私賞也惡人不私罰也置儀設法以度量","斷者上主也愛人而私賞之惡人而私罰之倍大臣","離左右專以其心斷者中主也臣有所愛而為私賞","之有所惡而為私罰之倍其公法損其正心專聽其","大臣者危主也故為人主者不重愛人不重惡人重","愛曰失德重惡曰失威威德皆失則主危也","九守","用賞者貴誠用刑者貴必刑賞信必於耳目之所見","則其所不見莫不暗化矣誠暢乎天地通於神明見","奸偽也　為善者君予之賞為非者君予之罰君因","其所以來因而予之則不勞矣聖人因之故能掌之","因之修理故能長久","形勢","春者陽氣始上故萬物生夏者陽氣畢上故萬物長","秋者陰氣始下故萬物收冬者陰氣畢下故萬物藏","故春夏生長秋冬收藏四時之節也賞賜刑罰主之","節也四時未嘗不生殺也主未嘗不賞罰也故曰春","秋冬夏不更其節也","版法解","凡民者莫不惡罰而畏罪是以人君嚴教以示之明","刑罰以致之故曰頓卒怠倦以辱之罰罪有過以懲","之殺戮犯禁以振之","明法解","明主之治也縣爵祿以勸其民民有利於上故主有","以使之立刑罰以威其下下有畏於上故主有以牧","之故無爵祿則主無以勸民無刑罰則主無以威眾","故人臣之行理奉命者非以愛主也且以就利而避","害也百官之奉法無奸者以愛主也欲以愛爵祿而","避罰也故明法曰百官論職非惠也刑罰必也","明主之道有罰者主見其罪有賞者主知其功見知","不悖賞罰不差有不蔽之術故無壅遏之患亂主則","不然法令不得至於民疏遠鬲閉而不得聞如此者","壅遏之道也故明法曰令出而留謂之壅","人主之治國也莫不有法令賞罰具故其法令明而","賞罰之所立者當則主尊顯而奸不生其法令逆而","賞罰之所立者不當則群臣立私而壅塞之朋黨而","劫殺之故明法曰滅塞侵壅之所生從法之不立也","明主之道立民所欲以求其功故為爵祿以勸之立","民所惡以禁其邪故為刑罰以畏之故案其功而行","賞案其罪而行罰如此則群臣之舉無功者不敢進","也毀無罪者不能退也故明法曰譽者不能進而誹","者不能退也","文子","精誠","老子曰懸法設賞而不能移風易俗者誠心不抱也","故聽其音則知其風觀其樂則知其俗見其俗則知","其化夫抱真效誠者感動天地神逾方外令行禁止","誠通其道而達其意雖無一言天下萬民禽獸鬼神","與之變化故太上神化其次使不得為非其下賞賢","而罰暴","荀子","君子篇","聖王在上分義行乎下則士大夫無流淫之行百吏","官人無怠慢之事眾庶百姓無奸怪之俗無盜賊之","罪莫敢犯大上之禁天下曉然皆知夫盜竊之人不","可以為富也皆知夫賊害之人不可以為壽也皆知","夫犯上之禁不可以為安也由其道則人得其所好","焉不由其道則必遇其所惡焉是故刑罰綦省而威","行如流治世曉然皆知夫為奸則雖隱竄逃亡之由","不足以免也故莫不服罪而請書曰凡人自得罪此","之謂也故刑當罪則威不當罪則侮爵當賢則貴不","當賢則賤古者刑不過罪爵不逾德故殺其父而臣","其子殺其兄而臣其弟刑罰不怒罪爵賞不逾德分","然各以其誠通是以為善者勸為不善者沮刑罰綦","省而威行如流政令致明而化易如神傳曰一人有","慶兆民賴之此之謂也亂世則不然刑罰怒罪爵賞","逾德以族"]}]}],"toc":[{"id":"chapter-1-section-1","chapter_title":"古今圖書整合286","section_title":"正文","is_available":true}],"plain_text":"# 古今圖書整合286\n賞罰部總論\n書經\n虞書□陶謨\n天命有德五服五章哉天討有罪五刑五用哉政事\n懋哉懋哉\n蔡\n傳\n言天命有德之人則五等之服以彰顯之天討\n有罪之人則五等之刑以懲戒之蓋爵賞刑罰乃\n人君之政事君主之臣用之當勉勉而不可怠者\n也\n大\n全\n呂氏曰賞罰當純乎天此心當懋勉不已一\n有怠息賞罰我之賞罰非天之賞罰矣\n商書仲虺之誥\n德懋懋官功懋懋賞\n蔡\n傳\n言人之懋於德者則懋之以官人之懋於功者\n則懋之以賞也\n周書康王之誥\n惟新陟王畢協賞罰戡定厥功用敷遺後人休今王\n敬之哉\n大\n全\n臨川吳氏曰賞當功罰當罪盡合其宜克勝其\n任安定文武之功用能延及於今後人有此休美\n今王嗣位其敬之哉\n畢命\n旌別淑慝表厥宅裡彰善癉惡樹之風聲弗率訓典\n殊厥井疆俾克畏慕申畫郊圻慎固封守以康四海\n大\n全\n王氏曰彰善者而著之則惡者恥其不若然則\n惡者病矣使人有所觀感曰風使人有所聽聞曰\n聲\n詩經\n商頌殷武\n天命降監下民有嚴不僣不濫不敢怠遑命於下國\n封建厥福\n朱\n注\n僣賞之差也濫刑之過也言天命降監不在乎\n他皆在民之視聽則下民亦有嚴矣雖賞不僣刑\n不濫而不敢怠遑則天命之以天下而大建其福\n此高宗所以受命而中興也\n禮記\n王制\n爵人於朝與士共之刑人於市與眾棄之\n疏\n爵人於朝殷法也周則天子假祖廟而拜授之\n刑人於市亦殷法謂貴賤皆刑于市周則有爵者\n刑于甸師氏也\n表記\n子曰夏道尊命事鬼敬神而遠之近人而忠焉先祿\n而後威先賞而後罰親而不尊其民之敝惷而愚喬\n而野樸而不文殷人尊神率民以事神先鬼而後禮\n先罰而後賞尊而不親其民之敝蕩而不靜勝而無\n恥周人尊禮尚施事鬼神而遠之近人而忠焉其賞\n罰用爵列親而不尊其民之敝利而巧文而不慚賊\n而敝\n陳\n注\n先祿後威先賞後罰皆是忠厚感人之意故民\n雖知親其上而尊君之意則未也故曰親而不尊\n惷愚驕傲鄙野質樸之敝皆忠之末流也殷人慾\n矯其敝故以敬畏為道先其罰之可畏後其賞之\n可慕尊則尊矣而親愛之情則無由生也故曰尊\n而不親流蕩而不知靜定之所者尊上鬼神之敝\n務自勝以免刑而無恥者先罰後賞之敝也周人\n見其然故尊禮以矯後禮之失尚施惠以為恩亦\n如夏時之近人而忠其賞罰亦無先後但以爵列\n之高下為準如車服土田之賞有命數之異刑罰\n之施有八辟之議及命夫命婦不躬坐獄訟之類\n皆是也故亦如夏世之親而不尊其後民皆便利\n而多機巧美文辭而言之不怍賊害而蔽於理皆\n尊禮太過文沒其實之所致\n子曰夏道未瀆辭不求備不大望於民民未厭其親\n殷人未瀆禮而求備於民周人強民未瀆神而賞爵\n刑罰窮矣\n緇衣\n子曰有國家者章善癉惡以示民厚則民情不貳詩\n雲靖共爾位好是正直\n疏\n言為國者有善以賞章明之有惡則以刑癉病\n之也\n汲冢周書\n度訓解\n賞多罰少政之美也罰多賞少政之惡也罰多則困\n賞多則乏\n管子\n權修\n凡牧民者欲民之可御也欲民之可御則法不可不\n審法者將立朝廷者也將立朝廷者則爵服不可不\n貴也爵服加於不義則民賤其爵服民賤其爵服則\n人主不尊人主不尊則令不行矣法者將用民力者\n也將用民力者則祿賞不可不重也祿賞加於無功\n則民輕其祿賞民輕其祿賞則上無以勸民上無以\n勸民則令不行矣法者將用民能者也將用民能者\n則授官不可不審也授官不審則民間其治民間其\n治則理不上通理不上通則下怨其上下怨其上則\n令不行矣法者將用民之死命者也用民之死命者\n則刑罰不可不審刑罰不審則有闢就有闢就則殺\n不辜而赦有罪殺不辜而赦有罪則國不免於賊臣\n矣故夫爵服賤祿賞輕民間其治賊臣首難此謂敗\n國之教也\n君臣\n有善者不留其賞故民不私其利有過者不宿其罰\n故民不疾其威威罰之制無逾於民則人歸親於上\n矣\n任法\n夫愛人不私賞也惡人不私罰也置儀設法以度量\n斷者上主也愛人而私賞之惡人而私罰之倍大臣\n離左右專以其心斷者中主也臣有所愛而為私賞\n之有所惡而為私罰之倍其公法損其正心專聽其\n大臣者危主也故為人主者不重愛人不重惡人重\n愛曰失德重惡曰失威威德皆失則主危也\n九守\n用賞者貴誠用刑者貴必刑賞信必於耳目之所見\n則其所不見莫不暗化矣誠暢乎天地通於神明見\n奸偽也　為善者君予之賞為非者君予之罰君因\n其所以來因而予之則不勞矣聖人因之故能掌之\n因之修理故能長久\n形勢\n春者陽氣始上故萬物生夏者陽氣畢上故萬物長\n秋者陰氣始下故萬物收冬者陰氣畢下故萬物藏\n故春夏生長秋冬收藏四時之節也賞賜刑罰主之\n節也四時未嘗不生殺也主未嘗不賞罰也故曰春\n秋冬夏不更其節也\n版法解\n凡民者莫不惡罰而畏罪是以人君嚴教以示之明\n刑罰以致之故曰頓卒怠倦以辱之罰罪有過以懲\n之殺戮犯禁以振之\n明法解\n明主之治也縣爵祿以勸其民民有利於上故主有\n以使之立刑罰以威其下下有畏於上故主有以牧\n之故無爵祿則主無以勸民無刑罰則主無以威眾\n故人臣之行理奉命者非以愛主也且以就利而避\n害也百官之奉法無奸者以愛主也欲以愛爵祿而\n避罰也故明法曰百官論職非惠也刑罰必也\n明主之道有罰者主見其罪有賞者主知其功見知\n不悖賞罰不差有不蔽之術故無壅遏之患亂主則\n不然法令不得至於民疏遠鬲閉而不得聞如此者\n壅遏之道也故明法曰令出而留謂之壅\n人主之治國也莫不有法令賞罰具故其法令明而\n賞罰之所立者當則主尊顯而奸不生其法令逆而\n賞罰之所立者不當則群臣立私而壅塞之朋黨而\n劫殺之故明法曰滅塞侵壅之所生從法之不立也\n明主之道立民所欲以求其功故為爵祿以勸之立\n民所惡以禁其邪故為刑罰以畏之故案其功而行\n賞案其罪而行罰如此則群臣之舉無功者不敢進\n也毀無罪者不能退也故明法曰譽者不能進而誹\n者不能退也\n文子\n精誠\n老子曰懸法設賞而不能移風易俗者誠心不抱也\n故聽其音則知其風觀其樂則知其俗見其俗則知\n其化夫抱真效誠者感動天地神逾方外令行禁止\n誠通其道而達其意雖無一言天下萬民禽獸鬼神\n與之變化故太上神化其次使不得為非其下賞賢\n而罰暴\n荀子\n君子篇\n聖王在上分義行乎下則士大夫無流淫之行百吏\n官人無怠慢之事眾庶百姓無奸怪之俗無盜賊之\n罪莫敢犯大上之禁天下曉然皆知夫盜竊之人不\n可以為富也皆知夫賊害之人不可以為壽也皆知\n夫犯上之禁不可以為安也由其道則人得其所好\n焉不由其道則必遇其所惡焉是故刑罰綦省而威\n行如流治世曉然皆知夫為奸則雖隱竄逃亡之由\n不足以免也故莫不服罪而請書曰凡人自得罪此\n之謂也故刑當罪則威不當罪則侮爵當賢則貴不\n當賢則賤古者刑不過罪爵不逾德故殺其父而臣\n其子殺其兄而臣其弟刑罰不怒罪爵賞不逾德分\n然各以其誠通是以為善者勸為不善者沮刑罰綦\n省而威行如流政令致明而化易如神傳曰一人有\n慶兆民賴之此之謂也亂世則不然刑罰怒罪爵賞\n逾德以族","is_preview":true,"preview_page_limit":10}