{"resource_id":6002,"title":"古今图书集成245","format":"md","encoding":"utf-8","chapters":[{"id":"chapter-1","title":"古今圖書整合245","sections":[{"id":"chapter-1-section-1","title":"正文","paragraphs":["宗族部匯考","爾雅","釋親","父之從祖晜弟為族父族父之子相謂為族晜弟族","晜弟之子相謂為親同姓","注","同姓之親無服屬","又","父之從祖姊妹為族祖姑","又","父之從祖晜弟之母為族祖王母","又","父之從祖晜弟之妻為族祖母父之從祖祖父為族","曾王父父之從祖祖母為族曾王母","又","父之黨為宗族","漢賈誼新書","六術","人之戚屬以六為法人有六親六親始曰父父有二","子二子為昆弟昆弟又有子子從父而昆弟故為從","父昆弟從父昆弟又有子子從祖而昆弟故為從祖","昆弟從祖昆弟又有子從曾祖而昆弟故為曾祖昆","弟曾祖昆弟又有子子為族兄弟備於六此之謂六","親親之始於一人世世別離分為六親親戚非六則","失本未之度是故六為制而止矣","班固白虎通","宗族","共姓為宗合共姓皆一類為族","宗族部總論一","書經","堯典","克明俊德以親九族九族既睦平章百姓","集","傳","明明之也俊大也九族高祖至元孫之親舉近","以該遠五服異姓之親亦在其中也睦親而和也","平均章明也百姓畿內民庶也","大","全","問堯典以親九","族說者謂上至高祖下至元孫林少穎謂若如此","只是一族所謂九族者父族四母族三妻族二是","否曰父族謂本族姑之族姊妹之族女子之夫家","母族謂母之本族母族與姨母之家妻族則妻之","本族與其母族是也上殺下殺旁殺只看所畫宗","族圖可見王氏曰親者親之也睦者交相親也","仲虺之誥","德日新萬邦惟懷志自滿九族乃離","集","傳","德日新者日新其德而不自已也志自滿者反","是湯之盤銘曰苟日新日日新又日新其廣日新","之義歟德日新則萬邦雖廣而無不懷志自滿則","九族雖親而亦離萬邦舉遠以見近也九族舉親","以見疏也","經","解","林氏曰萬邦惟懷九族乃離蓋所以","極言其人君有德則無所不服苟無德雖至親猶","叛之孟子曰多助之至天下順之寡助之至親戚","畔之亦此意也","伊訓","爾惟德罔小萬邦惟慶爾惟不德罔大墜厥宗","禮記","曲禮","去國三世爵祿有列於朝出入有詔於國若兄弟宗","族猶存則反告於宗後去國三世爵祿無列於朝出","入無詔於國惟興之日從新國之法","陳","注","去本雖已三世而舊君猶仕其族人於朝以承","祖祀此人往來出入他國仍詔告於本國之君其","宗族兄弟猶存則必有宗子凡冠娶妻必告死必","舊君不相聞其時已久其義已絕可以改其國之","故矣然猶必待興起而為卿大夫乃從新國之法","厚之至也","大","全","馬氏曰人臣有舊君之服不過齊衰","三月而已去國三世出入猶詔於國吉凶猶告於","宗後何也舊國者人之所不能忘宗族者人之所","不可絕今夫鳥獸之過故鄉猶迴翔蹢躅而後去","狐之將死猶正丘首而後斃況於人乎故太公封","於齊世葬於周君子以為不忘其本則去國三世","恩義不斬理固然也蓋爵祿有列於朝則是不棄","其後也出入有詔於國則是不絕其好也如此則","吾之所以反告者其可已乎夫爵祿有列於朝則","有宗後以合其族爵祿無列於朝則無宗後之法","無宗後則不特不反告而已故唯興之日從新國","之法蓋方其未仕也雖守舊國之法可也及興而","仕人則有所隸矣其可復為未仕之所為乎","又","支子不祭祭必告於宗子","陳","注","疏曰支子庶子也祖禰廟在適子之家庶子賤","不敢輒祭若宗子有疾不堪當祭則庶子代攝可","也猶必告於宗子然後祭呂氏曰別子為祖繼別","為宗百世不遷者大宗也繼禰繼祖繼曾祖繼高","祖五世則遷者小宗也宗子上繼祖禰族人兄弟","皆宗之冠娶妻必告死必赴況於祭乎所宗乎宗","子者皆支子也支子不敢祭也如諸侯不敢祖天","子大夫不敢祖諸侯尊者之祭非卑者所敢屍也","故宗子為士庶子為大夫以上牲祭於宗子之家","祝曰孝子某為介子某薦其常事則支子雖貴可","以用其祿而不敢專其事也宗子去在他國則支","子攝主以祭其禮有殺","王制","宗廟有不順者為不孝不孝者君絀以爵","陳","注","宗廟不順如紊昭穆之次失祭祀之時皆不孝","也爵者祖宗所傳故絀爵焉","禮器","父黨無容","陳","注","折旋揖讓之禮容所以施於外賓見父之族黨","自當以質素為禮不為容也","曾子問","孔子曰宗子雖七十無無主婦非宗子雖無主婦可","也","陳","注","宗子領宗男於外宗婦領宗女於內禮不可缺","故雖七十之年猶必再娶然此謂大宗之無子或","子幼者若有子有婦可傳繼者則七十可不娶矣","大","全","嚴陵方氏曰為庶子之宗者謂之宗子為庶婦","之主者謂之主婦宗子承家主祭於外而主婦則","助之於內者也故宗子雖七十不可以無主婦","又","曾子問曰宗子為士庶子為大夫其祭也如之何孔","子曰以上牲祭於宗子之家祝曰孝子某為介子某","薦其常事","陳","注","士特牲大夫少牢上牲少牢也庶子既為大夫","當用上牲然必往就宗子家而祭者以廟在宗子","家也孝子宗子也介子庶子也不曰庶而曰介者","庶子卑賤之稱介則副貳之義亦貴貴之道也薦","其常事者薦其歲之常事也","大","全","張子曰宗子為士","立二廟支子為大夫當立三廟是曾祖之廟為大","夫立不為宗子立矣然不可二宗別統故其廟亦","立於宗子之家所謂以上牲祭於宗子之家者也","祖考皆然故採蘋之序言大夫妻可以承先祖其","詩曰於以奠之宗室牖下宗子為士庶子為大夫","以上牲祭於宗子之家非惟為士直為庶人亦然","若宗子有罪居於他國庶子為大夫其祭也祝曰孝","子某使介子某執其常事攝主不厭祭不旅不假不","綏祭不配","陳","注","綏字當從周禮作隋減毀之名也假字當作嘏","福慶之辭也厭是饜飫之義謂神之歆享也","布奠於賓賓奠而不舉不歸肉其辭於賓曰宗兄宗","弟宗子在他國使某辭","陳","注","主人酬賓之時賓在西廂東面主人布此奠爵","於賓俎之北賓坐取此爵而奠於俎之南不舉之","以酬兄弟此即不旅之事若宗子主祭則凡助祭","之賓各歸之以俎肉今攝主故不歸俎肉於賓也","非但祭不備禮其將祭之初告賓之辭亦異曰宗","兄宗弟宗子在他國不得親祭故使某執其常事","使某告也故云使某辭宗兄宗弟者於此攝主為","兄或為弟也若尊卑不等或是祖父之列或是子","孫之列則但謂之宗子矣","曾子問曰宗子去在他國庶子無爵而居者可以祭","乎孔子曰祭哉請問其祭如之何孔子曰望墓而為","壇以時祭若宗子死告於墓而後祭於家宗子死稱","名不言孝身沒而已子游之徒有庶子祭者以此若","義也今之祭者不首其義故誣於祭也","陳","注","宗子無罪而去國則廟主隨行矣若有罪去國","廟雖存庶子卑賤無爵不得於廟行祭禮但當祭","之時即望墓為壇以祭也若宗子死則庶子告於","墓而後祭於其家亦不敢稱孝子某但稱子某而","已又非有爵者稱介子某之比也身沒而已者庶","子身死其子則庶子之適子祭禰之時可稱孝也","子游之門人有庶子祭者皆用此禮是順古義也","今世俗庶子之祭者不能先求古人制禮之義而","率意行之秖見其誣罔而已","大","全","嚴陵方氏曰庶殺","於適賤殺於貴禮之常也庶子無爵則非適非貴","故雖可以祭其禮又為之殺焉","文王世子","若公與族燕則異姓為賓膳宰為主人公與父兄齒","族食世降一等","陳","注","公與族人燕食亦庶子掌其禮族人雖眾其初","一人之身也豈可以賓客之道外之故以異姓一","人為賓而使膳宰為主與之抗禮酬酢君尊"]}]}],"toc":[{"id":"chapter-1-section-1","chapter_title":"古今圖書整合245","section_title":"正文","is_available":true}],"plain_text":"# 古今圖書整合245\n宗族部匯考\n爾雅\n釋親\n父之從祖晜弟為族父族父之子相謂為族晜弟族\n晜弟之子相謂為親同姓\n注\n同姓之親無服屬\n又\n父之從祖姊妹為族祖姑\n又\n父之從祖晜弟之母為族祖王母\n又\n父之從祖晜弟之妻為族祖母父之從祖祖父為族\n曾王父父之從祖祖母為族曾王母\n又\n父之黨為宗族\n漢賈誼新書\n六術\n人之戚屬以六為法人有六親六親始曰父父有二\n子二子為昆弟昆弟又有子子從父而昆弟故為從\n父昆弟從父昆弟又有子子從祖而昆弟故為從祖\n昆弟從祖昆弟又有子從曾祖而昆弟故為曾祖昆\n弟曾祖昆弟又有子子為族兄弟備於六此之謂六\n親親之始於一人世世別離分為六親親戚非六則\n失本未之度是故六為制而止矣\n班固白虎通\n宗族\n共姓為宗合共姓皆一類為族\n宗族部總論一\n書經\n堯典\n克明俊德以親九族九族既睦平章百姓\n集\n傳\n明明之也俊大也九族高祖至元孫之親舉近\n以該遠五服異姓之親亦在其中也睦親而和也\n平均章明也百姓畿內民庶也\n大\n全\n問堯典以親九\n族說者謂上至高祖下至元孫林少穎謂若如此\n只是一族所謂九族者父族四母族三妻族二是\n否曰父族謂本族姑之族姊妹之族女子之夫家\n母族謂母之本族母族與姨母之家妻族則妻之\n本族與其母族是也上殺下殺旁殺只看所畫宗\n族圖可見王氏曰親者親之也睦者交相親也\n仲虺之誥\n德日新萬邦惟懷志自滿九族乃離\n集\n傳\n德日新者日新其德而不自已也志自滿者反\n是湯之盤銘曰苟日新日日新又日新其廣日新\n之義歟德日新則萬邦雖廣而無不懷志自滿則\n九族雖親而亦離萬邦舉遠以見近也九族舉親\n以見疏也\n經\n解\n林氏曰萬邦惟懷九族乃離蓋所以\n極言其人君有德則無所不服苟無德雖至親猶\n叛之孟子曰多助之至天下順之寡助之至親戚\n畔之亦此意也\n伊訓\n爾惟德罔小萬邦惟慶爾惟不德罔大墜厥宗\n禮記\n曲禮\n去國三世爵祿有列於朝出入有詔於國若兄弟宗\n族猶存則反告於宗後去國三世爵祿無列於朝出\n入無詔於國惟興之日從新國之法\n陳\n注\n去本雖已三世而舊君猶仕其族人於朝以承\n祖祀此人往來出入他國仍詔告於本國之君其\n宗族兄弟猶存則必有宗子凡冠娶妻必告死必\n舊君不相聞其時已久其義已絕可以改其國之\n故矣然猶必待興起而為卿大夫乃從新國之法\n厚之至也\n大\n全\n馬氏曰人臣有舊君之服不過齊衰\n三月而已去國三世出入猶詔於國吉凶猶告於\n宗後何也舊國者人之所不能忘宗族者人之所\n不可絕今夫鳥獸之過故鄉猶迴翔蹢躅而後去\n狐之將死猶正丘首而後斃況於人乎故太公封\n於齊世葬於周君子以為不忘其本則去國三世\n恩義不斬理固然也蓋爵祿有列於朝則是不棄\n其後也出入有詔於國則是不絕其好也如此則\n吾之所以反告者其可已乎夫爵祿有列於朝則\n有宗後以合其族爵祿無列於朝則無宗後之法\n無宗後則不特不反告而已故唯興之日從新國\n之法蓋方其未仕也雖守舊國之法可也及興而\n仕人則有所隸矣其可復為未仕之所為乎\n又\n支子不祭祭必告於宗子\n陳\n注\n疏曰支子庶子也祖禰廟在適子之家庶子賤\n不敢輒祭若宗子有疾不堪當祭則庶子代攝可\n也猶必告於宗子然後祭呂氏曰別子為祖繼別\n為宗百世不遷者大宗也繼禰繼祖繼曾祖繼高\n祖五世則遷者小宗也宗子上繼祖禰族人兄弟\n皆宗之冠娶妻必告死必赴況於祭乎所宗乎宗\n子者皆支子也支子不敢祭也如諸侯不敢祖天\n子大夫不敢祖諸侯尊者之祭非卑者所敢屍也\n故宗子為士庶子為大夫以上牲祭於宗子之家\n祝曰孝子某為介子某薦其常事則支子雖貴可\n以用其祿而不敢專其事也宗子去在他國則支\n子攝主以祭其禮有殺\n王制\n宗廟有不順者為不孝不孝者君絀以爵\n陳\n注\n宗廟不順如紊昭穆之次失祭祀之時皆不孝\n也爵者祖宗所傳故絀爵焉\n禮器\n父黨無容\n陳\n注\n折旋揖讓之禮容所以施於外賓見父之族黨\n自當以質素為禮不為容也\n曾子問\n孔子曰宗子雖七十無無主婦非宗子雖無主婦可\n也\n陳\n注\n宗子領宗男於外宗婦領宗女於內禮不可缺\n故雖七十之年猶必再娶然此謂大宗之無子或\n子幼者若有子有婦可傳繼者則七十可不娶矣\n大\n全\n嚴陵方氏曰為庶子之宗者謂之宗子為庶婦\n之主者謂之主婦宗子承家主祭於外而主婦則\n助之於內者也故宗子雖七十不可以無主婦\n又\n曾子問曰宗子為士庶子為大夫其祭也如之何孔\n子曰以上牲祭於宗子之家祝曰孝子某為介子某\n薦其常事\n陳\n注\n士特牲大夫少牢上牲少牢也庶子既為大夫\n當用上牲然必往就宗子家而祭者以廟在宗子\n家也孝子宗子也介子庶子也不曰庶而曰介者\n庶子卑賤之稱介則副貳之義亦貴貴之道也薦\n其常事者薦其歲之常事也\n大\n全\n張子曰宗子為士\n立二廟支子為大夫當立三廟是曾祖之廟為大\n夫立不為宗子立矣然不可二宗別統故其廟亦\n立於宗子之家所謂以上牲祭於宗子之家者也\n祖考皆然故採蘋之序言大夫妻可以承先祖其\n詩曰於以奠之宗室牖下宗子為士庶子為大夫\n以上牲祭於宗子之家非惟為士直為庶人亦然\n若宗子有罪居於他國庶子為大夫其祭也祝曰孝\n子某使介子某執其常事攝主不厭祭不旅不假不\n綏祭不配\n陳\n注\n綏字當從周禮作隋減毀之名也假字當作嘏\n福慶之辭也厭是饜飫之義謂神之歆享也\n布奠於賓賓奠而不舉不歸肉其辭於賓曰宗兄宗\n弟宗子在他國使某辭\n陳\n注\n主人酬賓之時賓在西廂東面主人布此奠爵\n於賓俎之北賓坐取此爵而奠於俎之南不舉之\n以酬兄弟此即不旅之事若宗子主祭則凡助祭\n之賓各歸之以俎肉今攝主故不歸俎肉於賓也\n非但祭不備禮其將祭之初告賓之辭亦異曰宗\n兄宗弟宗子在他國不得親祭故使某執其常事\n使某告也故云使某辭宗兄宗弟者於此攝主為\n兄或為弟也若尊卑不等或是祖父之列或是子\n孫之列則但謂之宗子矣\n曾子問曰宗子去在他國庶子無爵而居者可以祭\n乎孔子曰祭哉請問其祭如之何孔子曰望墓而為\n壇以時祭若宗子死告於墓而後祭於家宗子死稱\n名不言孝身沒而已子游之徒有庶子祭者以此若\n義也今之祭者不首其義故誣於祭也\n陳\n注\n宗子無罪而去國則廟主隨行矣若有罪去國\n廟雖存庶子卑賤無爵不得於廟行祭禮但當祭\n之時即望墓為壇以祭也若宗子死則庶子告於\n墓而後祭於其家亦不敢稱孝子某但稱子某而\n已又非有爵者稱介子某之比也身沒而已者庶\n子身死其子則庶子之適子祭禰之時可稱孝也\n子游之門人有庶子祭者皆用此禮是順古義也\n今世俗庶子之祭者不能先求古人制禮之義而\n率意行之秖見其誣罔而已\n大\n全\n嚴陵方氏曰庶殺\n於適賤殺於貴禮之常也庶子無爵則非適非貴\n故雖可以祭其禮又為之殺焉\n文王世子\n若公與族燕則異姓為賓膳宰為主人公與父兄齒\n族食世降一等\n陳\n注\n公與族人燕食亦庶子掌其禮族人雖眾其初\n一人之身也豈可以賓客之道外之故以異姓一\n人為賓而使膳宰為主與之抗禮酬酢君尊","is_preview":true,"preview_page_limit":10}