{"resource_id":5983,"title":"古今图书集成226","format":"md","encoding":"utf-8","chapters":[{"id":"chapter-1","title":"古今圖書整合226","sections":[{"id":"chapter-1-section-1","title":"正文","paragraphs":["兄弟部匯考","爾雅","釋親","男子先生為兄後生為弟","漢賈誼新書","六術","父有二子二子為昆弟昆弟又有子子從父而昆弟","故為從父昆弟從父昆弟又有子子從祖而昆弟故","為從祖昆弟從祖昆弟又有子從曾祖而昆弟故為","曾祖昆弟曾祖昆弟又有子子為族兄弟","班固白虎通","三綱六紀","謂之兄弟何兄者況也況父法也弟者悌也心順行","篤也","劉熙釋名","釋親屬","兄荒也荒大也故青徐人謂兄為荒也","弟第也相次第而生也","兄弟部總論一","書經","康誥","於弟弗念天顯乃弗克恭厥兄兄亦不念鞠子哀大","不友于弟惟吊茲不於我政人得罪天惟與我民彝","大泯亂曰乃其速由文王作罰刑茲無赦","蔡","注","天顯猶孝經所謂天明尊卑顯然之序也弟不","念尊卑之序而不能敬其兄兄亦不念父母鞠養","之勞而大不友其弟是兄弟相賊也至於如此苟","不於我為政之人而得罪焉則天之與我民彝必","大泯滅而紊亂矣曰者言如此則汝其速由文王","作罰刑此無赦而懲戒之不可緩也","君陳","惟孝友于兄弟克施有政","蔡","注","言君陳有令德事親孝事上恭惟其孝友于家","是以能施政於邦孔子曰居家理故治可移於官","大","全","西山真氏曰惟孝者必友不友于兄弟則滅其","親之心非孝矣詩曰兄弟既翕和樂且湛子曰父","母其順矣乎必兄弟和而後父母順友之關於孝","蓋如此","禮記","曲禮","兄弟之讎不反兵","陳","注","不反兵謂常以殺之之兵器隨也","檀弓","子夏問於孔子曰請問居昆弟之仇如之何曰仕弗","與共國銜君命而使雖遇之不鬥曰請問居從父昆","弟之仇如之何曰不為魁主人能則執兵而陪其後","又","有殯聞遠兄弟之喪雖緦必往非兄弟雖鄰不往","陳","注","三年之喪在殯不得出吊然於兄弟則恩義存","焉故雖緦服兄弟之異居而遠者亦當往哭其喪","若非兄弟則雖近不往","又","有殯聞遠兄弟之喪哭於側室無側室哭於門內之","右同國則往哭之","王制","兄之齒雁行","陳","注","雁行並行而稍後也","喪服小記","與諸侯為兄弟者服斬","陳","注","卿大夫於君應服斬若不為卿大夫有五屬之","親者亦皆服斬衰記者恐疑服本親兄弟之服故","特明之謂國君兄弟先為本國卿大夫今居他國","未仕而本國君卒以有兄弟之親又是舊君必當","反服斬也不言與君為兄弟而言與諸侯為兄弟","明在異國也","大","全","嚴陵方氏曰兄弟期喪耳而與之","服斬衰者以其為君而有父道故也","雜記","凡主兄弟之喪雖疏亦虞之","陳","注","小功緦麻疏服之兄弟也彼無親者主之而己","主其喪則當為之畢虞祔之祭","儀禮","喪服","昆弟","注","昆兄也","疏","釋曰此亦至親以期斷雲昆兄也者","昆明也以其次長故以明為稱弟第也以其小故","以次第為名","大夫之庶子為適昆弟","注","兩言之者適子或為兄或為弟","疏","釋曰此大夫","之妾子故言庶若適妻所生第二已下當直雲昆","弟不言庶也雲兩言之者以其適妻所生適子或","長於妾子或小於妾子故云兩言之適子或為兄","或為弟是以經昆弟並言之","傳曰何以期也父之所不降子亦不敢降也","注","大夫雖尊不敢降其適重之也適子為庶昆弟","庶昆弟相為亦如大夫為之","又","大宗小宗","疏","按喪服小記雲別子為祖繼別為大宗謂若魯","桓公適夫人文姜生太子名同後為君次子慶父","叔牙季友此三子謂之別子別子者皆以臣道事","君無兄弟相宗之法與太子有別又與後世為始","故稱別子也大宗有一小宗有四大宗一者別子","之子適者為諸弟來宗之即謂之大宗自此以下","適適相承謂之百世不遷之宗五服之內親者月","算如邦人五服之外皆來宗之為之齊衰齊衰三","月章為宗子之母妻是也小宗有四者謂大宗之","後生者謂別子之弟小記注云別子之世長子兄","弟宗之第二已下長者親弟來宗之為繼禰小宗","更一世長者非直親兄弟又從父昆弟亦來宗之","為繼祖小宗更一世長者非直親昆弟從父昆弟","又有從祖昆弟來宗之為繼曾祖小宗更一世長","者非直親昆弟從父昆弟從祖昆弟來宗之又有","從曾祖昆弟來宗之為繼高祖小宗也更一世絕","服不服來事以彼自事五服內繼高祖已下者也","四者皆是小宗則家家皆有兄弟相事長者之小","宗雖家家盡有小宗仍世事繼高祖已下之小宗","也是以上傳雲有餘則歸之宗亦謂當家之長為","小宗者也","又","從父昆弟","注","世父叔父之子也","疏","釋曰昆弟親為之□此從","父昆弟降一等謂之從父昆弟世叔父與祖為一","體又與己父為一體緣親以致服故云從也降於","親兄弟一等是其常故不傳問","為人後者為其昆弟","疏","釋曰在此者以其小宗之後大宗欲使厚於大","宗之親故次之在從父昆弟之下","傳曰何以大功也為人後者降其昆弟也","疏","釋曰按下記云為人後者於昆弟降一等者故","大功也若然於本宗餘親皆降一等也","又","從祖昆弟","注","父之從父昆弟之子","疏","釋曰此是從祖父之子","故鄭雲父之從父昆弟之子己之再從兄弟","又","大夫公之昆弟大夫之子於兄弟降一等","注","兄弟猶言族親也凡不見者以此求之也","疏","釋","曰此三人所以降者大夫以尊降昆弟以旁尊降","大夫之子以厭降是以總雲降一等上經當已言","訖今又言之者上雖言之恐猶不盡記人總結之","是以鄭雲凡不見者以此求之雲兄弟猶言族親","也者以下雲小功已下為兄弟恐此兄弟亦據小","功已下得降故曰猶族親也則此兄弟及下文為","人後者為兄弟皆非小功已下猶族親所容廣也","為人後者於兄弟降一等報於所為後之兄弟之子","若子","注","言報者嫌其為宗子不降","疏","釋曰謂支子為大","宗子後反來為族親兄弟之類降一等雲於所為","後之兄弟之子若子者此等之服其義已見於斬","章雲言報者嫌其為宗子不降者以其出降本親","又宗子尊重恐本親為宗子有不降服之嫌故云","報以明之言報是兩相為服者也","兄弟皆在他邦加一等不及知父母與兄弟居加一","等","注","皆在他邦謂行仕出遊若闢仇不及知父母父","母早卒","疏","釋曰云在他邦加一等者二人共在他","國一死一不死相愍不得辭於親眷故加一等也","雲不及知父母與兄弟居加一等者謂各有父母","或父母有早卒者與兄弟共居而死當愍其孤幼","相育特加一等雲皆在他邦謂行仕者孔子身行","七十二國不見仕者以古者有出他國之理故云","謂行仕也又云出遊者謂若孔子弟子朋友同遊","他國兄弟容有死者又云若闢仇者周禮調入雲","從父兄弟之仇不同國兄弟之仇闢諸千里之外","皆有兄弟共行之法也雲不及知父母父母早卒","者或遺腹子或幼小未有知識而父母早死者也","傳曰何如則可謂之兄弟傳曰小功以下為兄弟","注","於此發兄弟傳者嫌大功以上又加也大功以","上若皆在他國則親自親矣若不及知父母則固","同財矣","疏","釋曰發問者上經及記已有兄弟皆是","降等唯此兄弟加一等故怪而致問引舊傳者以","有成文故引之雲小功以下為兄弟者以其加一","等故也鄭雲於此發兄弟傳者嫌大功以上又加","者也鄭亦據於此兄弟加一等發傳者嫌大功以","上親則親矣又加之故於小功發傳也雲大功以","上若皆在他國則親自親矣者不可復加者也雲","若不及知父母則固同財矣者據經不及知父母","與兄弟居既親重則財食是同雖無父母恩自隆","重不可復加也","春秋四傳","隱公不書即位"]}]}],"toc":[{"id":"chapter-1-section-1","chapter_title":"古今圖書整合226","section_title":"正文","is_available":true}],"plain_text":"# 古今圖書整合226\n兄弟部匯考\n爾雅\n釋親\n男子先生為兄後生為弟\n漢賈誼新書\n六術\n父有二子二子為昆弟昆弟又有子子從父而昆弟\n故為從父昆弟從父昆弟又有子子從祖而昆弟故\n為從祖昆弟從祖昆弟又有子從曾祖而昆弟故為\n曾祖昆弟曾祖昆弟又有子子為族兄弟\n班固白虎通\n三綱六紀\n謂之兄弟何兄者況也況父法也弟者悌也心順行\n篤也\n劉熙釋名\n釋親屬\n兄荒也荒大也故青徐人謂兄為荒也\n弟第也相次第而生也\n兄弟部總論一\n書經\n康誥\n於弟弗念天顯乃弗克恭厥兄兄亦不念鞠子哀大\n不友于弟惟吊茲不於我政人得罪天惟與我民彝\n大泯亂曰乃其速由文王作罰刑茲無赦\n蔡\n注\n天顯猶孝經所謂天明尊卑顯然之序也弟不\n念尊卑之序而不能敬其兄兄亦不念父母鞠養\n之勞而大不友其弟是兄弟相賊也至於如此苟\n不於我為政之人而得罪焉則天之與我民彝必\n大泯滅而紊亂矣曰者言如此則汝其速由文王\n作罰刑此無赦而懲戒之不可緩也\n君陳\n惟孝友于兄弟克施有政\n蔡\n注\n言君陳有令德事親孝事上恭惟其孝友于家\n是以能施政於邦孔子曰居家理故治可移於官\n大\n全\n西山真氏曰惟孝者必友不友于兄弟則滅其\n親之心非孝矣詩曰兄弟既翕和樂且湛子曰父\n母其順矣乎必兄弟和而後父母順友之關於孝\n蓋如此\n禮記\n曲禮\n兄弟之讎不反兵\n陳\n注\n不反兵謂常以殺之之兵器隨也\n檀弓\n子夏問於孔子曰請問居昆弟之仇如之何曰仕弗\n與共國銜君命而使雖遇之不鬥曰請問居從父昆\n弟之仇如之何曰不為魁主人能則執兵而陪其後\n又\n有殯聞遠兄弟之喪雖緦必往非兄弟雖鄰不往\n陳\n注\n三年之喪在殯不得出吊然於兄弟則恩義存\n焉故雖緦服兄弟之異居而遠者亦當往哭其喪\n若非兄弟則雖近不往\n又\n有殯聞遠兄弟之喪哭於側室無側室哭於門內之\n右同國則往哭之\n王制\n兄之齒雁行\n陳\n注\n雁行並行而稍後也\n喪服小記\n與諸侯為兄弟者服斬\n陳\n注\n卿大夫於君應服斬若不為卿大夫有五屬之\n親者亦皆服斬衰記者恐疑服本親兄弟之服故\n特明之謂國君兄弟先為本國卿大夫今居他國\n未仕而本國君卒以有兄弟之親又是舊君必當\n反服斬也不言與君為兄弟而言與諸侯為兄弟\n明在異國也\n大\n全\n嚴陵方氏曰兄弟期喪耳而與之\n服斬衰者以其為君而有父道故也\n雜記\n凡主兄弟之喪雖疏亦虞之\n陳\n注\n小功緦麻疏服之兄弟也彼無親者主之而己\n主其喪則當為之畢虞祔之祭\n儀禮\n喪服\n昆弟\n注\n昆兄也\n疏\n釋曰此亦至親以期斷雲昆兄也者\n昆明也以其次長故以明為稱弟第也以其小故\n以次第為名\n大夫之庶子為適昆弟\n注\n兩言之者適子或為兄或為弟\n疏\n釋曰此大夫\n之妾子故言庶若適妻所生第二已下當直雲昆\n弟不言庶也雲兩言之者以其適妻所生適子或\n長於妾子或小於妾子故云兩言之適子或為兄\n或為弟是以經昆弟並言之\n傳曰何以期也父之所不降子亦不敢降也\n注\n大夫雖尊不敢降其適重之也適子為庶昆弟\n庶昆弟相為亦如大夫為之\n又\n大宗小宗\n疏\n按喪服小記雲別子為祖繼別為大宗謂若魯\n桓公適夫人文姜生太子名同後為君次子慶父\n叔牙季友此三子謂之別子別子者皆以臣道事\n君無兄弟相宗之法與太子有別又與後世為始\n故稱別子也大宗有一小宗有四大宗一者別子\n之子適者為諸弟來宗之即謂之大宗自此以下\n適適相承謂之百世不遷之宗五服之內親者月\n算如邦人五服之外皆來宗之為之齊衰齊衰三\n月章為宗子之母妻是也小宗有四者謂大宗之\n後生者謂別子之弟小記注云別子之世長子兄\n弟宗之第二已下長者親弟來宗之為繼禰小宗\n更一世長者非直親兄弟又從父昆弟亦來宗之\n為繼祖小宗更一世長者非直親昆弟從父昆弟\n又有從祖昆弟來宗之為繼曾祖小宗更一世長\n者非直親昆弟從父昆弟從祖昆弟來宗之又有\n從曾祖昆弟來宗之為繼高祖小宗也更一世絕\n服不服來事以彼自事五服內繼高祖已下者也\n四者皆是小宗則家家皆有兄弟相事長者之小\n宗雖家家盡有小宗仍世事繼高祖已下之小宗\n也是以上傳雲有餘則歸之宗亦謂當家之長為\n小宗者也\n又\n從父昆弟\n注\n世父叔父之子也\n疏\n釋曰昆弟親為之□此從\n父昆弟降一等謂之從父昆弟世叔父與祖為一\n體又與己父為一體緣親以致服故云從也降於\n親兄弟一等是其常故不傳問\n為人後者為其昆弟\n疏\n釋曰在此者以其小宗之後大宗欲使厚於大\n宗之親故次之在從父昆弟之下\n傳曰何以大功也為人後者降其昆弟也\n疏\n釋曰按下記云為人後者於昆弟降一等者故\n大功也若然於本宗餘親皆降一等也\n又\n從祖昆弟\n注\n父之從父昆弟之子\n疏\n釋曰此是從祖父之子\n故鄭雲父之從父昆弟之子己之再從兄弟\n又\n大夫公之昆弟大夫之子於兄弟降一等\n注\n兄弟猶言族親也凡不見者以此求之也\n疏\n釋\n曰此三人所以降者大夫以尊降昆弟以旁尊降\n大夫之子以厭降是以總雲降一等上經當已言\n訖今又言之者上雖言之恐猶不盡記人總結之\n是以鄭雲凡不見者以此求之雲兄弟猶言族親\n也者以下雲小功已下為兄弟恐此兄弟亦據小\n功已下得降故曰猶族親也則此兄弟及下文為\n人後者為兄弟皆非小功已下猶族親所容廣也\n為人後者於兄弟降一等報於所為後之兄弟之子\n若子\n注\n言報者嫌其為宗子不降\n疏\n釋曰謂支子為大\n宗子後反來為族親兄弟之類降一等雲於所為\n後之兄弟之子若子者此等之服其義已見於斬\n章雲言報者嫌其為宗子不降者以其出降本親\n又宗子尊重恐本親為宗子有不降服之嫌故云\n報以明之言報是兩相為服者也\n兄弟皆在他邦加一等不及知父母與兄弟居加一\n等\n注\n皆在他邦謂行仕出遊若闢仇不及知父母父\n母早卒\n疏\n釋曰云在他邦加一等者二人共在他\n國一死一不死相愍不得辭於親眷故加一等也\n雲不及知父母與兄弟居加一等者謂各有父母\n或父母有早卒者與兄弟共居而死當愍其孤幼\n相育特加一等雲皆在他邦謂行仕者孔子身行\n七十二國不見仕者以古者有出他國之理故云\n謂行仕也又云出遊者謂若孔子弟子朋友同遊\n他國兄弟容有死者又云若闢仇者周禮調入雲\n從父兄弟之仇不同國兄弟之仇闢諸千里之外\n皆有兄弟共行之法也雲不及知父母父母早卒\n者或遺腹子或幼小未有知識而父母早死者也\n傳曰何如則可謂之兄弟傳曰小功以下為兄弟\n注\n於此發兄弟傳者嫌大功以上又加也大功以\n上若皆在他國則親自親矣若不及知父母則固\n同財矣\n疏\n釋曰發問者上經及記已有兄弟皆是\n降等唯此兄弟加一等故怪而致問引舊傳者以\n有成文故引之雲小功以下為兄弟者以其加一\n等故也鄭雲於此發兄弟傳者嫌大功以上又加\n者也鄭亦據於此兄弟加一等發傳者嫌大功以\n上親則親矣又加之故於小功發傳也雲大功以\n上若皆在他國則親自親矣者不可復加者也雲\n若不及知父母則固同財矣者據經不及知父母\n與兄弟居既親重則財食是同雖無父母恩自隆\n重不可復加也\n春秋四傳\n隱公不書即位","is_preview":true,"preview_page_limit":10}