{"resource_id":5949,"title":"古今图书集成192","format":"md","encoding":"utf-8","chapters":[{"id":"chapter-1","title":"古今圖書整合192","sections":[{"id":"chapter-1-section-1","title":"正文","paragraphs":["給諫部匯考一","周","周制設保氏以掌諫王惡又設司諫以掌糾勸而皆","隸於司徒","按周禮地官司徒教官之屬保氏下大夫一人中士","二人府二人史二人胥六人徒六十人","注","保安也以道安人者也","保氏掌諫王惡","注","諫者以禮義正之文王世子曰保也者慎其身","以輔翼之而歸諸道者也","又","凡祭祀賓客會同喪紀軍旅王舉則從聽治亦如之","使其屬守王闈","注","闈宮中之巷門","司諫中士二人史二人徒二十人","注","諫猶正也以道正人行","司諫掌糾萬民之德而勸之朋友正其行而強之道","藝巡問而觀察之以時書其德行道藝辨其能而可","任於國事者","注","朋友相切磋以善道也強猶勸也巡問行問民","間也可任於國事任吏職","以考鄉里之治以詔廢置以行赦宥","注","因巡問勸強萬民而考鄉里吏民罪過以告王","所當罪不","漢","漢置太中大夫中大夫諫大夫以掌論議以給事中","為大夫議郎博士加官掌顧問應對","按漢書百官公卿表大夫掌論議有太中大夫中大","夫諫大夫皆無員多至數十人武帝元狩五年初置","諫大夫秩比八百石太初元年更名中大夫為光祿","大夫秩比二千石太中大夫秩比千石如故","給事中亦加官所加或大夫博士議郎掌顧問應對","位次中常侍中黃門有給事黃門位從將大夫皆秦","制","注","師古曰漢官解詁雲掌侍從左右無員常侍中","後漢","後漢始置諫議大夫與光祿大中中散諸大夫議郎","皆掌顧問應對而黃門侍郎給事中主關通中外","按後漢書百官志光祿大夫比二千石本注曰無員","注","漢官曰三人","凡大夫議郎皆掌顧問應對無常事唯詔命所使凡","諸國嗣之喪則光祿大夫掌吊","太中大夫千石本注曰無員","注","漢官曰二十人秩比二千石","中散大夫六百石本注曰無員","注","漢官曰三十人秩比二千石","諫議大夫六百石本注曰無員","注","胡廣曰光祿大夫本為中大夫武帝元狩五年","置諫大夫為光祿大夫世祖中興以為諫議大夫","又有太中中散大夫此四等於古皆為天子之下","大夫視列國之上卿漢官曰三十人","議郎六百石本注曰無員","注","漢官曰五十人無常員","右屬光祿勳","黃門侍郎六百石本注曰無員掌侍從左右給事中","關通中外及諸王朝見於殿中引王就坐","注","漢舊儀曰黃門郎屬黃門令日暮入對青瑣門","拜名曰夕郎宮合簿青瑣門在南宮衛瓘注吳都","賦曰青瑣戶邊青鏤也一曰天子門內有眉格再","重裡青畫曰瑣獻帝起居注曰帝初即位初置侍","中給事黃門侍郎員各六人出入禁中近侍帷幄","省尚書事改給事黃門侍郎為侍中侍郎去給事","黃門之號旋複復故舊侍中黃門侍郎以在中宮","者不與近密交政誅黃門後侍中侍郎出入禁闈","機事頗露由是王允乃奏比尚書不得出入不通","賓客自此始也又曰諸奄人官悉以議郎郎中稱","秩如故諸署令兩梁冠陛殿上得召都官從事以","下","右屬少府","凡郎官皆主更直執戟宿衛諸殿門出充車騎唯議","郎不在直中","魏","魏以侍中常侍給事中侍郎皆備顧問應對而諫諍","專屬侍中常侍","按晉書職官志侍中案黃帝時風后為侍中於周為","常伯之任秦取古名置侍中漢因之秦漢俱無定員","以功高者一人為僕射魏晉以來置四人別加官者","則非數掌儐贊威儀大駕出則次直侍中護駕正直","侍中負璽陪乘不帶劍餘皆騎從御登殿與散騎常","侍對扶侍中居左常侍居右備切問近對拾遺補闕","給事黃門侍郎秦官也漢已後並因之與侍中俱管","門下眾事無員","散騎常侍本秦官也秦置散騎又置中常侍散騎騎","從乘輿車後中常侍得入禁中皆無員亦以為加官","漢東京初省散騎而中常侍用宦者魏文帝黃初初","置散騎合之於中司掌規諫不典事貂璫插右騎散","從","給事中秦官也所加或大夫博士議郎掌顧問應對","位次中常侍漢因之及漢東京省魏世復置","員外散騎常侍魏末置無員","散騎侍郎四人魏初與散騎常侍同置自魏至晉散","騎常侍侍郎與侍中黃門侍郎共平尚書奏事","晉","晉承魏以侍中常侍給事中侍郎皆備顧問應對而","諫諍仍專屬侍中常侍","按晉書職官志侍中案黃帝時風后為侍中於周為","常伯之任秦取古名置侍中漢因之秦漢俱無定員","以功高者一人為僕射魏晉以來置四人別加官者","則非數掌儐贊威儀大駕出則次直侍中護駕正直","侍中負璽陪乘不帶劍餘皆騎從御登殿與散騎常","侍對扶侍中居左常侍居右備切問近對拾遺補闕","及江左哀帝興寧四年桓溫奏省二人後復舊","給事黃門侍郎秦官也漢已後並因之與侍中俱管","門下眾事無員及晉置員四人","散騎常侍秦官也秦置散騎又置中常侍散騎騎從","乘輿車後中常侍得入禁中皆無員亦以為加官漢","東京初省散騎而中常侍用宦者魏文帝黃初初置","散騎合之於中司掌規諫不典事貂璫插右騎散從","至晉不改及元康中惠帝始以宦者董猛為中常侍","後遂止常為顯職","給事中秦官也所加或大夫博士議郎掌顧問應對","位次中常侍漢因之及漢東京省魏世復置至晉不","改在散騎常侍下給事黃門侍郎上無員","通直散騎常侍案魏末散騎常侍又有在員外者泰","始十年武帝使二人與散騎常侍通員直故謂之通","直散騎常侍江左置四人","員外散騎常侍魏末置無員","散騎侍郎四人魏初與散騎常侍同置自魏至晉散","騎常侍侍郎與侍中黃門侍郎共平尚書奏事江左","乃罷","通直散騎侍郎四人初武帝置員外散騎侍郎及太","興元年元帝使二人與散騎侍郎通員直故謂之通","直散騎侍郎後增為四人","員外散騎侍郎武帝置無員","武帝泰始元年冬十二月詔開直言之路置諫官以","掌之","按晉書武帝本紀云云","泰始二年詔擇侍中常侍能正色直言者又詔諫官","上書詳加評議","按晉書武帝本紀泰始二年春二月庚午詔曰古者","百官官箴王闕然保氏特以諫諍為職今之侍中常","侍實處此位擇其能正色弼違匡救不逮者以兼此","選秋九月乙未散騎常侍皇甫陶傅元領諫官上書","諫諍有司奏請寢之詔曰凡關言人主人臣所至難","而苦不能聽納自古忠臣直士之所慷慨也每陳事","出付主者多從深刻乃雲恩貸當由主上是何言乎","其詳評議","宋","宋以侍中掌獻替而給事黃門侍郎常侍給事中皆","掌顧問應對","按宋書百官志侍中四人掌奏事直侍左右應對獻","替法駕出則正直一人負璽陪乘殿內門下眾事皆","掌之周公戒成王立政之篇所云常伯即其任也侍","中本秦丞相史也使五人往來殿內東廂奏事故謂","之侍中漢西京無員多至數十人入侍禁中分掌乘","輿服物下至器虎子之屬武帝世孔安國為侍中","以其儒者特聽掌御唾壺朝廷榮之久次者為僕射","漢東京又屬少府猶無員掌侍左右贊導眾事顧問","應對法駕出則多識者一人負傳國璽操斬白蛇劍","參乘餘皆騎在乘輿車後光武世改僕射為祭酒焉","漢世與中官俱止禁中武帝時侍中莽何羅挾刃謀","逆由是侍中出禁外有事乃入事畢即出王莽秉政","侍中復入與中官共止章帝元和中侍中郭舉與後","宮通拔佩刀驚御舉伏誅侍中由是復出外魏晉以","來置四人別加官不主數秩比二千石","給事黃門侍郎四人與侍中俱掌眾事郊廟臨軒則","一人執麾漢百官表奏曰給事黃門無員掌侍從左","右漢因之漢東京曰給事黃"]}]}],"toc":[{"id":"chapter-1-section-1","chapter_title":"古今圖書整合192","section_title":"正文","is_available":true}],"plain_text":"# 古今圖書整合192\n給諫部匯考一\n周\n周制設保氏以掌諫王惡又設司諫以掌糾勸而皆\n隸於司徒\n按周禮地官司徒教官之屬保氏下大夫一人中士\n二人府二人史二人胥六人徒六十人\n注\n保安也以道安人者也\n保氏掌諫王惡\n注\n諫者以禮義正之文王世子曰保也者慎其身\n以輔翼之而歸諸道者也\n又\n凡祭祀賓客會同喪紀軍旅王舉則從聽治亦如之\n使其屬守王闈\n注\n闈宮中之巷門\n司諫中士二人史二人徒二十人\n注\n諫猶正也以道正人行\n司諫掌糾萬民之德而勸之朋友正其行而強之道\n藝巡問而觀察之以時書其德行道藝辨其能而可\n任於國事者\n注\n朋友相切磋以善道也強猶勸也巡問行問民\n間也可任於國事任吏職\n以考鄉里之治以詔廢置以行赦宥\n注\n因巡問勸強萬民而考鄉里吏民罪過以告王\n所當罪不\n漢\n漢置太中大夫中大夫諫大夫以掌論議以給事中\n為大夫議郎博士加官掌顧問應對\n按漢書百官公卿表大夫掌論議有太中大夫中大\n夫諫大夫皆無員多至數十人武帝元狩五年初置\n諫大夫秩比八百石太初元年更名中大夫為光祿\n大夫秩比二千石太中大夫秩比千石如故\n給事中亦加官所加或大夫博士議郎掌顧問應對\n位次中常侍中黃門有給事黃門位從將大夫皆秦\n制\n注\n師古曰漢官解詁雲掌侍從左右無員常侍中\n後漢\n後漢始置諫議大夫與光祿大中中散諸大夫議郎\n皆掌顧問應對而黃門侍郎給事中主關通中外\n按後漢書百官志光祿大夫比二千石本注曰無員\n注\n漢官曰三人\n凡大夫議郎皆掌顧問應對無常事唯詔命所使凡\n諸國嗣之喪則光祿大夫掌吊\n太中大夫千石本注曰無員\n注\n漢官曰二十人秩比二千石\n中散大夫六百石本注曰無員\n注\n漢官曰三十人秩比二千石\n諫議大夫六百石本注曰無員\n注\n胡廣曰光祿大夫本為中大夫武帝元狩五年\n置諫大夫為光祿大夫世祖中興以為諫議大夫\n又有太中中散大夫此四等於古皆為天子之下\n大夫視列國之上卿漢官曰三十人\n議郎六百石本注曰無員\n注\n漢官曰五十人無常員\n右屬光祿勳\n黃門侍郎六百石本注曰無員掌侍從左右給事中\n關通中外及諸王朝見於殿中引王就坐\n注\n漢舊儀曰黃門郎屬黃門令日暮入對青瑣門\n拜名曰夕郎宮合簿青瑣門在南宮衛瓘注吳都\n賦曰青瑣戶邊青鏤也一曰天子門內有眉格再\n重裡青畫曰瑣獻帝起居注曰帝初即位初置侍\n中給事黃門侍郎員各六人出入禁中近侍帷幄\n省尚書事改給事黃門侍郎為侍中侍郎去給事\n黃門之號旋複復故舊侍中黃門侍郎以在中宮\n者不與近密交政誅黃門後侍中侍郎出入禁闈\n機事頗露由是王允乃奏比尚書不得出入不通\n賓客自此始也又曰諸奄人官悉以議郎郎中稱\n秩如故諸署令兩梁冠陛殿上得召都官從事以\n下\n右屬少府\n凡郎官皆主更直執戟宿衛諸殿門出充車騎唯議\n郎不在直中\n魏\n魏以侍中常侍給事中侍郎皆備顧問應對而諫諍\n專屬侍中常侍\n按晉書職官志侍中案黃帝時風后為侍中於周為\n常伯之任秦取古名置侍中漢因之秦漢俱無定員\n以功高者一人為僕射魏晉以來置四人別加官者\n則非數掌儐贊威儀大駕出則次直侍中護駕正直\n侍中負璽陪乘不帶劍餘皆騎從御登殿與散騎常\n侍對扶侍中居左常侍居右備切問近對拾遺補闕\n給事黃門侍郎秦官也漢已後並因之與侍中俱管\n門下眾事無員\n散騎常侍本秦官也秦置散騎又置中常侍散騎騎\n從乘輿車後中常侍得入禁中皆無員亦以為加官\n漢東京初省散騎而中常侍用宦者魏文帝黃初初\n置散騎合之於中司掌規諫不典事貂璫插右騎散\n從\n給事中秦官也所加或大夫博士議郎掌顧問應對\n位次中常侍漢因之及漢東京省魏世復置\n員外散騎常侍魏末置無員\n散騎侍郎四人魏初與散騎常侍同置自魏至晉散\n騎常侍侍郎與侍中黃門侍郎共平尚書奏事\n晉\n晉承魏以侍中常侍給事中侍郎皆備顧問應對而\n諫諍仍專屬侍中常侍\n按晉書職官志侍中案黃帝時風后為侍中於周為\n常伯之任秦取古名置侍中漢因之秦漢俱無定員\n以功高者一人為僕射魏晉以來置四人別加官者\n則非數掌儐贊威儀大駕出則次直侍中護駕正直\n侍中負璽陪乘不帶劍餘皆騎從御登殿與散騎常\n侍對扶侍中居左常侍居右備切問近對拾遺補闕\n及江左哀帝興寧四年桓溫奏省二人後復舊\n給事黃門侍郎秦官也漢已後並因之與侍中俱管\n門下眾事無員及晉置員四人\n散騎常侍秦官也秦置散騎又置中常侍散騎騎從\n乘輿車後中常侍得入禁中皆無員亦以為加官漢\n東京初省散騎而中常侍用宦者魏文帝黃初初置\n散騎合之於中司掌規諫不典事貂璫插右騎散從\n至晉不改及元康中惠帝始以宦者董猛為中常侍\n後遂止常為顯職\n給事中秦官也所加或大夫博士議郎掌顧問應對\n位次中常侍漢因之及漢東京省魏世復置至晉不\n改在散騎常侍下給事黃門侍郎上無員\n通直散騎常侍案魏末散騎常侍又有在員外者泰\n始十年武帝使二人與散騎常侍通員直故謂之通\n直散騎常侍江左置四人\n員外散騎常侍魏末置無員\n散騎侍郎四人魏初與散騎常侍同置自魏至晉散\n騎常侍侍郎與侍中黃門侍郎共平尚書奏事江左\n乃罷\n通直散騎侍郎四人初武帝置員外散騎侍郎及太\n興元年元帝使二人與散騎侍郎通員直故謂之通\n直散騎侍郎後增為四人\n員外散騎侍郎武帝置無員\n武帝泰始元年冬十二月詔開直言之路置諫官以\n掌之\n按晉書武帝本紀云云\n泰始二年詔擇侍中常侍能正色直言者又詔諫官\n上書詳加評議\n按晉書武帝本紀泰始二年春二月庚午詔曰古者\n百官官箴王闕然保氏特以諫諍為職今之侍中常\n侍實處此位擇其能正色弼違匡救不逮者以兼此\n選秋九月乙未散騎常侍皇甫陶傅元領諫官上書\n諫諍有司奏請寢之詔曰凡關言人主人臣所至難\n而苦不能聽納自古忠臣直士之所慷慨也每陳事\n出付主者多從深刻乃雲恩貸當由主上是何言乎\n其詳評議\n宋\n宋以侍中掌獻替而給事黃門侍郎常侍給事中皆\n掌顧問應對\n按宋書百官志侍中四人掌奏事直侍左右應對獻\n替法駕出則正直一人負璽陪乘殿內門下眾事皆\n掌之周公戒成王立政之篇所云常伯即其任也侍\n中本秦丞相史也使五人往來殿內東廂奏事故謂\n之侍中漢西京無員多至數十人入侍禁中分掌乘\n輿服物下至器虎子之屬武帝世孔安國為侍中\n以其儒者特聽掌御唾壺朝廷榮之久次者為僕射\n漢東京又屬少府猶無員掌侍左右贊導眾事顧問\n應對法駕出則多識者一人負傳國璽操斬白蛇劍\n參乘餘皆騎在乘輿車後光武世改僕射為祭酒焉\n漢世與中官俱止禁中武帝時侍中莽何羅挾刃謀\n逆由是侍中出禁外有事乃入事畢即出王莽秉政\n侍中復入與中官共止章帝元和中侍中郭舉與後\n宮通拔佩刀驚御舉伏誅侍中由是復出外魏晉以\n來置四人別加官不主數秩比二千石\n給事黃門侍郎四人與侍中俱掌眾事郊廟臨軒則\n一人執麾漢百官表奏曰給事黃門無員掌侍從左\n右漢因之漢東京曰給事黃","is_preview":true,"preview_page_limit":10}