{"resource_id":5928,"title":"古今图书集成171","format":"md","encoding":"utf-8","chapters":[{"id":"chapter-1","title":"古今圖書整合171","sections":[{"id":"chapter-1-section-1","title":"正文","paragraphs":["太常寺部匯考一","有虞氏","帝舜始命伯夷為秩宗典三禮後夔典樂","按書經舜典帝曰諮四嶽有能典朕三禮僉曰伯夷","帝曰俞諮伯汝作秩宗夙夜惟寅直哉惟清伯拜稽","首讓於夔龍帝曰俞往欽哉","孔","傳","三禮天地人之禮伯夷臣名姜姓秩序宗尊也","主郊廟之官夙早也言早夜敬思其職典禮施政","教使正直而清明夔龍二臣名俞然其賢不許讓","疏","正義曰周禮宗伯職雲掌天地人鬼地祇之禮","帝曰夔命汝典樂教胄子直而溫寬而慄剛而無虐","簡而無傲詩言志歌永言聲依永律和聲八音克諧","無相奪倫神人以和夔曰於予擊石拊石百獸率舞","孔","傳","胄長也謂元子以下至卿大夫子弟","蔡","傳","蘇氏曰舜方命九官濟濟相讓無緣夔於此獨","言其功此益稷之文簡編脫誤復見於此","商","商建六大有大祝大士之官","按禮記曲禮天子建天官先六大曰大宰大宗大史","大祝大士大卜典司六典","注","典法也此蓋殷制也周則大宰為天官大宗曰","宗伯宗伯為春官大史以下屬焉大士以神仕者","陳","注","舊說皆為殷制","周","周制春官設大司樂率其屬以掌教樂律歌舞祭祀","宗祝之事","按周禮春官宗伯禮官之屬大司樂中大夫二人","注","大司樂樂官之長","大司樂掌成均之以治建國之學政而合國之子","弟焉","注","鄭司農雲均調也樂師主調其音大司樂主受","此成事已調之樂鄭元謂董仲舒雲成均五帝之","學成均之者其遺禮可者國之子弟公卿大","夫之子弟當學者謂之國子文王世子曰於成均","以及取爵於上尊然則周人立此學之宮","凡有道者有德者使教焉死則以為樂祖祭於瞽宗","注","道多才藝者德能躬行者若舜命夔典樂教胄","子是也死則以為樂之祖神而祭之鄭司農雲瞽","樂人樂人所共宗也","以樂德教國子中和祗庸孝友","注","祗敬庸有常也","以樂語教國子興道諷誦言語","注","道讀曰導倍文曰諷以聲節之曰誦發端曰言","答述曰語","以樂舞教國子云門舞大卷大咸大大夏大濩大","武","注","此周所存六代之樂黃帝曰云門大卷大咸鹹","池堯樂也大舜樂也大夏禹樂也大濩湯樂也","大武武王樂也","以六律六同五聲八音六舞大合樂以致鬼神示以","和邦國以諧萬民以安賓客以說遠人以作動物","注","六律合陽聲者也六同合陰聲者也此十二者","以銅為管轉而相生黃鍾為首其長九寸各因而","三分之上生者益一分下生者去一焉國語曰律","所以立均出度也古之神瞽考中聲而量之以制","度律均鍾言以中聲定律以律立鍾之均大合樂","者謂□作六代之樂以冬日至作之致天神人鬼","以夏日至作之致地祇物□動物羽裸之屬虞書","雲夔曰擊鳴球搏拊琴瑟以詠祖考來格虞賓","在位群后德讓下管鼓合止柷敔笙鏞以間鳥","獸蹌蹌簫韶九成鳳凰來儀夔又曰於予擊石拊","石百獸率舞庶尹允諧此其於宗廟九奏效應","乃分樂而序之以祭以享以祀","注","分謂各用一代之樂","乃奏黃鍾歌大呂舞雲門以祀天神","注","以黃鍾之鍾大呂之聲為均者黃鍾陽聲之首","大呂為之合奏之以祀天神尊之也天神謂五帝","及日月星辰也王者又各以夏正月祀其所受命","之帝於南郊尊之也","乃奏大蔟歌應鍾舞咸池以祭地示","注","大蔟陽聲第二應鍾為之合咸池大咸也地祇","所祭於北郊謂神州之神及社稷","乃奏姑洗歌南呂舞大以祀四望","注","姑洗陽聲第三南呂為之合四望五嶽四鎮四","竇此言祀者司中司命風師雨師或亦用此樂與","乃奏蕤賓歌函鍾舞大夏以祭山川","注","蕤賓陽聲第四函鍾為之合函鍾一名林鍾","乃奏夷則歌小呂舞大濩以享先妣","注","夷則陽聲第五小呂為之合小呂一名中呂先","妣姜嫄也","乃奏無射歌夾鍾舞大武以享先祖","注","無射陽聲之下也夾鍾為之合夾鍾一名圜鍾","先祖謂先王先公","凡六樂者文之以五聲播之以八音","注","六者言其均皆待五聲八音乃成也","凡六樂者一變而致羽物及川澤之示再變而致羸","物及山林之示三變而致鱗物及丘陵之示四變而","致毛物及墳衍之示五變而致介物及土示六變而","致象物及天神","注","變猶更也樂成則更奏也此謂大蜡索鬼神而","致百物六奏樂而禮畢每奏有所感致和以來之","土祇原隰及平地之神也象物有象在天所謂四","靈者天地之神四靈之知非德至和則不至禮運","曰麟鳳龜龍謂之四靈","凡樂圜鍾為宮黃鍾為角大蔟為徵姑洗為羽□鼓","□孤竹之管雲和之琴瑟雲門之舞冬日至於地","上之圜丘奏之若樂六變則天神皆降可得而禮矣","凡樂函鍾為宮大蔟為角姑洗為徵南呂為羽靈鼓","靈孫竹之管空桑之琴瑟咸池之舞夏日至於澤","中之方丘奏之若樂八變則地示皆出可得而禮矣","凡樂黃鍾為宮大呂為角大蔟為徵應鍾為羽路鼓","路陰竹之管龍門之琴瑟九德之歌九之舞於","宗廟之中奏之若樂九變則人鬼可得而禮矣","注","此三者皆禘大祭也天神則主北辰地祇則主","崑崙人鬼則主后稷先奏是樂以致其神禮之以","玉而祼焉乃後合樂而祭之","凡樂事大祭祀宿縣遂以聲展之","注","叩聽其聲具陳次之以知完不","王出入則令奏王夏屍出入則令奏肆夏牲出入則","令奏昭夏","注","三夏皆樂章名","帥國子而舞","注","當用舞者帥以往","大饗不入牲其他皆如祭祀","注","大饗饗賓客也不入牲牲不入亦不奏昭夏也","其他謂王出入賓客出入亦奏王夏肆夏","大射王出入令奏王夏及射令奏騶虞","注","射以騶虞為節","詔諸侯以弓矢舞","注","舞謂執弓挾矢揖讓進退之儀","王大食三侑皆令奏鍾鼓","注","大食朔月月半以樂侑食時也","王師大獻則令奏愷樂","注","大獻獻捷於祖愷樂獻功之樂","凡日月食四鎮五嶽崩大傀異□諸侯薨令去樂","注","四鎮山之重大者謂揚州之會稽青州之沂山","幽州之醫無閭冀州之霍山傀猶怪也","大札大凶大□大臣死凡國之大憂令弛縣","注","札疫癘也兇兇年也□水火也弛釋下之若今","休兵鼓之為","凡建國禁其淫聲過聲兇聲慢聲","注","過聲失哀樂之節兇聲亡國之聲慢聲惰慢不","恭","樂師掌國學之政以教國子小舞","注","謂以年幼少時教之舞內則曰十三舞勺成童","舞象二十舞大夏","凡舞有帗舞有羽舞有皇舞有旄舞有幹舞有人舞","注","鄭司農雲帗舞者全羽羽舞者析羽皇舞者以","羽冒覆頭上衣飾翡翠之羽旄舞者犛牛之尾幹","舞者兵舞人舞者手舞社稷以帗宗廟以羽四方","以皇辟雍以旄兵事以幹星辰以人舞鄭元謂帗","析五采繒今靈星舞子持之是也皇雜五采羽如","鳳凰色持以舞人舞無所執以手袖為威儀四方","以羽宗廟以人山川以乾旱暵以皇","教樂儀行以肆夏趨以採薺車亦如之環拜以鐘鼓","為節","注","教樂儀教王以樂出入於大寢朝廷之儀鄭司","農雲肆夏採薺皆樂名或曰皆逸詩謂人君行步","以肆夏為節趨疾於步則以採薺為節若今時行","禮於太學罷出以鼓陔為節環謂旋也拜直拜也","鄭元謂行者謂於大寢之中趨謂於朝廷爾雅曰","堂上謂之行門外謂之趨然則王出既服至堂而","肆夏作出路門而採薺作其反入至應門路門亦","如之此謂步迎賓客王如有車出之事登車於大","寢西階之前反降於阼階之前尚書傳曰天子將","出撞黃鍾之鐘右五鍾皆應入則撞蕤賓之鐘左","五鍾皆應大師於是奏樂","凡射王以騶虞為節諸侯以狸首為節大夫以採蘋","為節士以采蘩"]}]}],"toc":[{"id":"chapter-1-section-1","chapter_title":"古今圖書整合171","section_title":"正文","is_available":true}],"plain_text":"# 古今圖書整合171\n太常寺部匯考一\n有虞氏\n帝舜始命伯夷為秩宗典三禮後夔典樂\n按書經舜典帝曰諮四嶽有能典朕三禮僉曰伯夷\n帝曰俞諮伯汝作秩宗夙夜惟寅直哉惟清伯拜稽\n首讓於夔龍帝曰俞往欽哉\n孔\n傳\n三禮天地人之禮伯夷臣名姜姓秩序宗尊也\n主郊廟之官夙早也言早夜敬思其職典禮施政\n教使正直而清明夔龍二臣名俞然其賢不許讓\n疏\n正義曰周禮宗伯職雲掌天地人鬼地祇之禮\n帝曰夔命汝典樂教胄子直而溫寬而慄剛而無虐\n簡而無傲詩言志歌永言聲依永律和聲八音克諧\n無相奪倫神人以和夔曰於予擊石拊石百獸率舞\n孔\n傳\n胄長也謂元子以下至卿大夫子弟\n蔡\n傳\n蘇氏曰舜方命九官濟濟相讓無緣夔於此獨\n言其功此益稷之文簡編脫誤復見於此\n商\n商建六大有大祝大士之官\n按禮記曲禮天子建天官先六大曰大宰大宗大史\n大祝大士大卜典司六典\n注\n典法也此蓋殷制也周則大宰為天官大宗曰\n宗伯宗伯為春官大史以下屬焉大士以神仕者\n陳\n注\n舊說皆為殷制\n周\n周制春官設大司樂率其屬以掌教樂律歌舞祭祀\n宗祝之事\n按周禮春官宗伯禮官之屬大司樂中大夫二人\n注\n大司樂樂官之長\n大司樂掌成均之以治建國之學政而合國之子\n弟焉\n注\n鄭司農雲均調也樂師主調其音大司樂主受\n此成事已調之樂鄭元謂董仲舒雲成均五帝之\n學成均之者其遺禮可者國之子弟公卿大\n夫之子弟當學者謂之國子文王世子曰於成均\n以及取爵於上尊然則周人立此學之宮\n凡有道者有德者使教焉死則以為樂祖祭於瞽宗\n注\n道多才藝者德能躬行者若舜命夔典樂教胄\n子是也死則以為樂之祖神而祭之鄭司農雲瞽\n樂人樂人所共宗也\n以樂德教國子中和祗庸孝友\n注\n祗敬庸有常也\n以樂語教國子興道諷誦言語\n注\n道讀曰導倍文曰諷以聲節之曰誦發端曰言\n答述曰語\n以樂舞教國子云門舞大卷大咸大大夏大濩大\n武\n注\n此周所存六代之樂黃帝曰云門大卷大咸鹹\n池堯樂也大舜樂也大夏禹樂也大濩湯樂也\n大武武王樂也\n以六律六同五聲八音六舞大合樂以致鬼神示以\n和邦國以諧萬民以安賓客以說遠人以作動物\n注\n六律合陽聲者也六同合陰聲者也此十二者\n以銅為管轉而相生黃鍾為首其長九寸各因而\n三分之上生者益一分下生者去一焉國語曰律\n所以立均出度也古之神瞽考中聲而量之以制\n度律均鍾言以中聲定律以律立鍾之均大合樂\n者謂□作六代之樂以冬日至作之致天神人鬼\n以夏日至作之致地祇物□動物羽裸之屬虞書\n雲夔曰擊鳴球搏拊琴瑟以詠祖考來格虞賓\n在位群后德讓下管鼓合止柷敔笙鏞以間鳥\n獸蹌蹌簫韶九成鳳凰來儀夔又曰於予擊石拊\n石百獸率舞庶尹允諧此其於宗廟九奏效應\n乃分樂而序之以祭以享以祀\n注\n分謂各用一代之樂\n乃奏黃鍾歌大呂舞雲門以祀天神\n注\n以黃鍾之鍾大呂之聲為均者黃鍾陽聲之首\n大呂為之合奏之以祀天神尊之也天神謂五帝\n及日月星辰也王者又各以夏正月祀其所受命\n之帝於南郊尊之也\n乃奏大蔟歌應鍾舞咸池以祭地示\n注\n大蔟陽聲第二應鍾為之合咸池大咸也地祇\n所祭於北郊謂神州之神及社稷\n乃奏姑洗歌南呂舞大以祀四望\n注\n姑洗陽聲第三南呂為之合四望五嶽四鎮四\n竇此言祀者司中司命風師雨師或亦用此樂與\n乃奏蕤賓歌函鍾舞大夏以祭山川\n注\n蕤賓陽聲第四函鍾為之合函鍾一名林鍾\n乃奏夷則歌小呂舞大濩以享先妣\n注\n夷則陽聲第五小呂為之合小呂一名中呂先\n妣姜嫄也\n乃奏無射歌夾鍾舞大武以享先祖\n注\n無射陽聲之下也夾鍾為之合夾鍾一名圜鍾\n先祖謂先王先公\n凡六樂者文之以五聲播之以八音\n注\n六者言其均皆待五聲八音乃成也\n凡六樂者一變而致羽物及川澤之示再變而致羸\n物及山林之示三變而致鱗物及丘陵之示四變而\n致毛物及墳衍之示五變而致介物及土示六變而\n致象物及天神\n注\n變猶更也樂成則更奏也此謂大蜡索鬼神而\n致百物六奏樂而禮畢每奏有所感致和以來之\n土祇原隰及平地之神也象物有象在天所謂四\n靈者天地之神四靈之知非德至和則不至禮運\n曰麟鳳龜龍謂之四靈\n凡樂圜鍾為宮黃鍾為角大蔟為徵姑洗為羽□鼓\n□孤竹之管雲和之琴瑟雲門之舞冬日至於地\n上之圜丘奏之若樂六變則天神皆降可得而禮矣\n凡樂函鍾為宮大蔟為角姑洗為徵南呂為羽靈鼓\n靈孫竹之管空桑之琴瑟咸池之舞夏日至於澤\n中之方丘奏之若樂八變則地示皆出可得而禮矣\n凡樂黃鍾為宮大呂為角大蔟為徵應鍾為羽路鼓\n路陰竹之管龍門之琴瑟九德之歌九之舞於\n宗廟之中奏之若樂九變則人鬼可得而禮矣\n注\n此三者皆禘大祭也天神則主北辰地祇則主\n崑崙人鬼則主后稷先奏是樂以致其神禮之以\n玉而祼焉乃後合樂而祭之\n凡樂事大祭祀宿縣遂以聲展之\n注\n叩聽其聲具陳次之以知完不\n王出入則令奏王夏屍出入則令奏肆夏牲出入則\n令奏昭夏\n注\n三夏皆樂章名\n帥國子而舞\n注\n當用舞者帥以往\n大饗不入牲其他皆如祭祀\n注\n大饗饗賓客也不入牲牲不入亦不奏昭夏也\n其他謂王出入賓客出入亦奏王夏肆夏\n大射王出入令奏王夏及射令奏騶虞\n注\n射以騶虞為節\n詔諸侯以弓矢舞\n注\n舞謂執弓挾矢揖讓進退之儀\n王大食三侑皆令奏鍾鼓\n注\n大食朔月月半以樂侑食時也\n王師大獻則令奏愷樂\n注\n大獻獻捷於祖愷樂獻功之樂\n凡日月食四鎮五嶽崩大傀異□諸侯薨令去樂\n注\n四鎮山之重大者謂揚州之會稽青州之沂山\n幽州之醫無閭冀州之霍山傀猶怪也\n大札大凶大□大臣死凡國之大憂令弛縣\n注\n札疫癘也兇兇年也□水火也弛釋下之若今\n休兵鼓之為\n凡建國禁其淫聲過聲兇聲慢聲\n注\n過聲失哀樂之節兇聲亡國之聲慢聲惰慢不\n恭\n樂師掌國學之政以教國子小舞\n注\n謂以年幼少時教之舞內則曰十三舞勺成童\n舞象二十舞大夏\n凡舞有帗舞有羽舞有皇舞有旄舞有幹舞有人舞\n注\n鄭司農雲帗舞者全羽羽舞者析羽皇舞者以\n羽冒覆頭上衣飾翡翠之羽旄舞者犛牛之尾幹\n舞者兵舞人舞者手舞社稷以帗宗廟以羽四方\n以皇辟雍以旄兵事以幹星辰以人舞鄭元謂帗\n析五采繒今靈星舞子持之是也皇雜五采羽如\n鳳凰色持以舞人舞無所執以手袖為威儀四方\n以羽宗廟以人山川以乾旱暵以皇\n教樂儀行以肆夏趨以採薺車亦如之環拜以鐘鼓\n為節\n注\n教樂儀教王以樂出入於大寢朝廷之儀鄭司\n農雲肆夏採薺皆樂名或曰皆逸詩謂人君行步\n以肆夏為節趨疾於步則以採薺為節若今時行\n禮於太學罷出以鼓陔為節環謂旋也拜直拜也\n鄭元謂行者謂於大寢之中趨謂於朝廷爾雅曰\n堂上謂之行門外謂之趨然則王出既服至堂而\n肆夏作出路門而採薺作其反入至應門路門亦\n如之此謂步迎賓客王如有車出之事登車於大\n寢西階之前反降於阼階之前尚書傳曰天子將\n出撞黃鍾之鐘右五鍾皆應入則撞蕤賓之鐘左\n五鍾皆應大師於是奏樂\n凡射王以騶虞為節諸侯以狸首為節大夫以採蘋\n為節士以采蘩","is_preview":true,"preview_page_limit":10}