{"resource_id":5898,"title":"古今图书集成141","format":"md","encoding":"utf-8","chapters":[{"id":"chapter-1","title":"古今圖書整合141","sections":[{"id":"chapter-1-section-1","title":"正文","paragraphs":["魂魄部總論","易經","繫辭上傳","精氣為物遊魂為變是故知鬼神之情狀","本","義","陰精陽氣聚而成物神之伸也魂遊魄降散而","為變鬼之歸也","大","全","程子曰魂謂精魂其死也歸乎","天消散之意朱子曰精魄也耳目之精為魄氣魂","也口鼻之噓吸為魂二者合而成物精虛魄降則","氣散魂遊而無不之矣魄為鬼魂為神或問精氣","為物遊魂為變曰此是兩個合一個的精氣合則","魂魄合而凝結為物離則陽已散而陰無所歸故","為變又曰變是魂魄相離雖獨說遊魂而不言魄","而離魄之意自可見矣又曰精為陰氣為陽就人","身而言雖是屬陽然體魄已屬陰蓋生之中已帶","了個死的道理變雖屬陽然魂氣上游體魄下降","亦自具陰陽如言殂落殂升也便是魂之遊落即","魄之降古之祭祀求諸陽所以求其魂求諸陰所","以求諸魄橫渠說精氣自無而有遊魂自有而無","其說分曉","禮記","禮運","及其死也升屋而號告曰皋某復然後飯腥而苴熟","故天望而地藏也體魄則降知氣在上","注","所以升屋者以魂氣之在上也皋者引聲之言","某死者之名也欲招此魂令其複合體魂如是而","不生乃行死事天望地藏謂始死望天而招魂體","魄則葬藏於地也所以然者以體魄則降而下知","氣則升而上也","大","全","臨川吳氏曰體魄謂形體精魄","降謂降下在地知氣謂神識魂氣在上謂升上在","天其號其告望而求諸天之陽明者蓋為知氣之","在上而然此時猶以生道處之冀其知氣來複而","可以生也始則飯腥終則苴熟藏而歸諸地之陰","幽者蓋為體魄之降而然此時始以死道處之俾","其體魄得所而安於死也","郊特牲","魂氣歸於天形魄歸於地故祭求諸陰陽之義也","祭義","氣也者神之盛也魄也者鬼之盛也","注","口鼻呼吸是氣那靈處便屬魂視聽是體那聰","明處便屬魄","薦黍稷羞肝肺首心見間以俠甒加以鬱鬯以報魄","也","注","加以鬱鬯者魄降在地用鬱鬯之酒以灌地本","在祭初而言於薦羞之下者謂非獨薦羞二者為","報魄初加鬱鬯亦是報魄也此言報魄之禮","關尹子","四符篇","精者水魄者金神者火魂者木精主水魄主金金生","水故精者魄藏之神主火魂主木木生火故神者魂","藏之惟火之為物能鎔金而銷之能燔木而燒之所","以冥魂魄惟精在天為寒在地為水在人為精神在","天為熱在地為火在人為神魄在天為燥在地為金","在人為魄魂在天為風在地為木在人為魂惟以我","之精合天地萬物之精譬如萬水可合為一水以我","之神合天地萬物之神譬如萬火可合為一火以我","之魄合天地萬物之魄譬如金之為物可合異金而","鎔之為一金以我之魂合天地萬物之魂譬如木之","為物可接異木而生之為一木則天地萬物皆吾精","吾神吾魄吾魂何者死何者生","五行之運因精有魂因魂有神因神有意因意有魄","因魄有精五行迴環不已所以我之偽心流轉造化","幾億萬歲未有窮極然核芽相生不知其幾萬株天","地雖大不能芽空中之核雌卵相生不知其幾萬禽","陰陽雖妙不能卵無雄之雌惟其來於我者皆攝之","以一息則變物為我無物非我所謂五行者孰能變","之","眾人以魄攝魂者金有餘則木不足也聖人以魂運","魄者木有餘則金不足也蓋魄之藏魂俱之魂之遊","魄因之魂晝寓目魄夜舍肝寓目能見舍肝能夢見","者魂無分別析之者分別析之曰天地者魂狃習也","夢者魄無分別析之者分別析之曰彼我者魄狃習","也火生土故神生意土生金故意生魄神之所動不","名神名意意之所動不名意名魄惟聖人知我無我","知物無物皆因思慮計之而有是以萬物之來我皆","對之以性而不對之以心性者心未萌也無心則無","意矣蓋無火則無土無意則無魄矣蓋無土則無金","一者不存五者皆廢既能渾天地萬物以為魂斯能","渾天地萬物以為魄凡造化所妙皆吾魂凡造化所","有皆吾魄則無有一物可役我者","鬼云為魂鬼白為魄於文則然鬼者人死所變雲者","風風者木白者氣氣者金風散故輕清輕清者上天","金堅故重濁重濁者入地輕清者魄從魂升重濁者","魂從魄降有以仁升者為木星佐有以義升者為金","星佐有以禮升者為火星佐有以智升者為水星佐","有以信升者為土星佐有以不仁沈者木賊之不義","沈者金賊之不禮沈者火賊之不智沈者水賊之不","信沈者土賊之魂魄半之則在人間升魂為貴降魄","為賤靈魂為賢厲魄為愚輕魂為明重魄為暗揚魂","為羽鈍魄為毛明魂為神幽魄為鬼其形其居其識","其好皆以五行契之惟五行之數參差不一所以萬","物之多盈天地間猶未已也以五事歸五行以五行","作五蟲可勝言哉譬猶兆龜數蓍至誠自契五行應","之誠苟不至兆之數之無一應者聖人假物以遊世","五行不得不對","魂者木也木根於冬水而華於夏火故人之魂藏於","夜精而見於晝神合乎精故所見我獨蓋精未嘗有","人合乎神故所見人同蓋神未嘗有我","淮南子","說山訓","魄問於魂曰道何以為體曰以無有為體魄曰無有","有形乎魂曰無有魄曰無有可得而聞也魂曰吾直","有所遇之耳視之無形聽之無聲謂之幽冥幽冥者","所以喻道而非道也魄曰吾聞得之矣乃內視而自","反也魂曰凡得道者形不可得而見名不可得而揚","今汝已有形名矣何道之所能乎魄曰言者獨何為","者吾將反吾宗矣魄反顧魂忽然不見反而自存亦","以淪於無形矣","白虎通","情性","魂魄者何謂魂猶云云也行不休於外也主於情魄","者迫然著人主於性也魂者芸也情以除穢魄者白","也性以治內","性理會通","魂魄","鬼神不過陰陽消長而已亭毒化育風雨晦冥皆是","在人則精是魄魄者鬼之盛也氣是魂魂者神之盛","也精氣聚而為物何物而無鬼神遊魂為變魂遊則","魄之降可知","魂謂精魂其死也魂歸於天消散之意","朱子曰二氣之分即一氣之運所謂一動一靜互為","其根分陰分陽兩儀立焉者也在人者以分言之則","精為陰而氣為陽故魄為鬼而魂為神以運言之則","消為陰而息為陽故伸為神而歸為鬼然魂性動故","當其伸時非無魄也而必以魂為主魄性靜故方其","歸時非無魂也而必以魄為主則亦初無二理矣","問生死鬼神之理曰天道流行發育萬物有理而有","氣雖是一時都有畢竟以理為主人得之以有生氣","之清者為氣濁者為質知覺運動陽之為也形體陰","之為也氣曰魂體曰魄高誘淮南子注曰魂者陽之","神魄者陰之神所謂神者以其主乎形氣也人所以","生精氣聚也人只有許多氣須有個盡時盡則魂氣","歸於天形魄歸於地而死矣人將死時熱氣上出所","謂魂升也下體漸冷所謂魄降也此所以有生必有","死有始必有終也","問魂魄曰氣質是實底魂魄是半虛半實底鬼神是","虛分數多實分數少底","魄是一點精氣氣交時便有這神魂是發揚出來底","如氣之出入止息魄是如水人之視能明聽能聰心","能強記底有這魄便有這神不是外面入來魄是精","魂是氣魄主靜魂主動又曰草木之生自有個神他","自不能生在人則心便是所謂形既生矣神發知矣","是也","問生魂死魄曰古人只說三五而盈三五而闕近時","人方推得他所以圓闕乃是魄受光處魄未嘗無也","人有魄先衰底有魂先衰底如某近來覺得重聽多","忘是魄先衰","先儒言口鼻之噓吸為魂耳目之聰明為魄也只"]}]}],"toc":[{"id":"chapter-1-section-1","chapter_title":"古今圖書整合141","section_title":"正文","is_available":true}],"plain_text":"# 古今圖書整合141\n魂魄部總論\n易經\n繫辭上傳\n精氣為物遊魂為變是故知鬼神之情狀\n本\n義\n陰精陽氣聚而成物神之伸也魂遊魄降散而\n為變鬼之歸也\n大\n全\n程子曰魂謂精魂其死也歸乎\n天消散之意朱子曰精魄也耳目之精為魄氣魂\n也口鼻之噓吸為魂二者合而成物精虛魄降則\n氣散魂遊而無不之矣魄為鬼魂為神或問精氣\n為物遊魂為變曰此是兩個合一個的精氣合則\n魂魄合而凝結為物離則陽已散而陰無所歸故\n為變又曰變是魂魄相離雖獨說遊魂而不言魄\n而離魄之意自可見矣又曰精為陰氣為陽就人\n身而言雖是屬陽然體魄已屬陰蓋生之中已帶\n了個死的道理變雖屬陽然魂氣上游體魄下降\n亦自具陰陽如言殂落殂升也便是魂之遊落即\n魄之降古之祭祀求諸陽所以求其魂求諸陰所\n以求諸魄橫渠說精氣自無而有遊魂自有而無\n其說分曉\n禮記\n禮運\n及其死也升屋而號告曰皋某復然後飯腥而苴熟\n故天望而地藏也體魄則降知氣在上\n注\n所以升屋者以魂氣之在上也皋者引聲之言\n某死者之名也欲招此魂令其複合體魂如是而\n不生乃行死事天望地藏謂始死望天而招魂體\n魄則葬藏於地也所以然者以體魄則降而下知\n氣則升而上也\n大\n全\n臨川吳氏曰體魄謂形體精魄\n降謂降下在地知氣謂神識魂氣在上謂升上在\n天其號其告望而求諸天之陽明者蓋為知氣之\n在上而然此時猶以生道處之冀其知氣來複而\n可以生也始則飯腥終則苴熟藏而歸諸地之陰\n幽者蓋為體魄之降而然此時始以死道處之俾\n其體魄得所而安於死也\n郊特牲\n魂氣歸於天形魄歸於地故祭求諸陰陽之義也\n祭義\n氣也者神之盛也魄也者鬼之盛也\n注\n口鼻呼吸是氣那靈處便屬魂視聽是體那聰\n明處便屬魄\n薦黍稷羞肝肺首心見間以俠甒加以鬱鬯以報魄\n也\n注\n加以鬱鬯者魄降在地用鬱鬯之酒以灌地本\n在祭初而言於薦羞之下者謂非獨薦羞二者為\n報魄初加鬱鬯亦是報魄也此言報魄之禮\n關尹子\n四符篇\n精者水魄者金神者火魂者木精主水魄主金金生\n水故精者魄藏之神主火魂主木木生火故神者魂\n藏之惟火之為物能鎔金而銷之能燔木而燒之所\n以冥魂魄惟精在天為寒在地為水在人為精神在\n天為熱在地為火在人為神魄在天為燥在地為金\n在人為魄魂在天為風在地為木在人為魂惟以我\n之精合天地萬物之精譬如萬水可合為一水以我\n之神合天地萬物之神譬如萬火可合為一火以我\n之魄合天地萬物之魄譬如金之為物可合異金而\n鎔之為一金以我之魂合天地萬物之魂譬如木之\n為物可接異木而生之為一木則天地萬物皆吾精\n吾神吾魄吾魂何者死何者生\n五行之運因精有魂因魂有神因神有意因意有魄\n因魄有精五行迴環不已所以我之偽心流轉造化\n幾億萬歲未有窮極然核芽相生不知其幾萬株天\n地雖大不能芽空中之核雌卵相生不知其幾萬禽\n陰陽雖妙不能卵無雄之雌惟其來於我者皆攝之\n以一息則變物為我無物非我所謂五行者孰能變\n之\n眾人以魄攝魂者金有餘則木不足也聖人以魂運\n魄者木有餘則金不足也蓋魄之藏魂俱之魂之遊\n魄因之魂晝寓目魄夜舍肝寓目能見舍肝能夢見\n者魂無分別析之者分別析之曰天地者魂狃習也\n夢者魄無分別析之者分別析之曰彼我者魄狃習\n也火生土故神生意土生金故意生魄神之所動不\n名神名意意之所動不名意名魄惟聖人知我無我\n知物無物皆因思慮計之而有是以萬物之來我皆\n對之以性而不對之以心性者心未萌也無心則無\n意矣蓋無火則無土無意則無魄矣蓋無土則無金\n一者不存五者皆廢既能渾天地萬物以為魂斯能\n渾天地萬物以為魄凡造化所妙皆吾魂凡造化所\n有皆吾魄則無有一物可役我者\n鬼云為魂鬼白為魄於文則然鬼者人死所變雲者\n風風者木白者氣氣者金風散故輕清輕清者上天\n金堅故重濁重濁者入地輕清者魄從魂升重濁者\n魂從魄降有以仁升者為木星佐有以義升者為金\n星佐有以禮升者為火星佐有以智升者為水星佐\n有以信升者為土星佐有以不仁沈者木賊之不義\n沈者金賊之不禮沈者火賊之不智沈者水賊之不\n信沈者土賊之魂魄半之則在人間升魂為貴降魄\n為賤靈魂為賢厲魄為愚輕魂為明重魄為暗揚魂\n為羽鈍魄為毛明魂為神幽魄為鬼其形其居其識\n其好皆以五行契之惟五行之數參差不一所以萬\n物之多盈天地間猶未已也以五事歸五行以五行\n作五蟲可勝言哉譬猶兆龜數蓍至誠自契五行應\n之誠苟不至兆之數之無一應者聖人假物以遊世\n五行不得不對\n魂者木也木根於冬水而華於夏火故人之魂藏於\n夜精而見於晝神合乎精故所見我獨蓋精未嘗有\n人合乎神故所見人同蓋神未嘗有我\n淮南子\n說山訓\n魄問於魂曰道何以為體曰以無有為體魄曰無有\n有形乎魂曰無有魄曰無有可得而聞也魂曰吾直\n有所遇之耳視之無形聽之無聲謂之幽冥幽冥者\n所以喻道而非道也魄曰吾聞得之矣乃內視而自\n反也魂曰凡得道者形不可得而見名不可得而揚\n今汝已有形名矣何道之所能乎魄曰言者獨何為\n者吾將反吾宗矣魄反顧魂忽然不見反而自存亦\n以淪於無形矣\n白虎通\n情性\n魂魄者何謂魂猶云云也行不休於外也主於情魄\n者迫然著人主於性也魂者芸也情以除穢魄者白\n也性以治內\n性理會通\n魂魄\n鬼神不過陰陽消長而已亭毒化育風雨晦冥皆是\n在人則精是魄魄者鬼之盛也氣是魂魂者神之盛\n也精氣聚而為物何物而無鬼神遊魂為變魂遊則\n魄之降可知\n魂謂精魂其死也魂歸於天消散之意\n朱子曰二氣之分即一氣之運所謂一動一靜互為\n其根分陰分陽兩儀立焉者也在人者以分言之則\n精為陰而氣為陽故魄為鬼而魂為神以運言之則\n消為陰而息為陽故伸為神而歸為鬼然魂性動故\n當其伸時非無魄也而必以魂為主魄性靜故方其\n歸時非無魂也而必以魄為主則亦初無二理矣\n問生死鬼神之理曰天道流行發育萬物有理而有\n氣雖是一時都有畢竟以理為主人得之以有生氣\n之清者為氣濁者為質知覺運動陽之為也形體陰\n之為也氣曰魂體曰魄高誘淮南子注曰魂者陽之\n神魄者陰之神所謂神者以其主乎形氣也人所以\n生精氣聚也人只有許多氣須有個盡時盡則魂氣\n歸於天形魄歸於地而死矣人將死時熱氣上出所\n謂魂升也下體漸冷所謂魄降也此所以有生必有\n死有始必有終也\n問魂魄曰氣質是實底魂魄是半虛半實底鬼神是\n虛分數多實分數少底\n魄是一點精氣氣交時便有這神魂是發揚出來底\n如氣之出入止息魄是如水人之視能明聽能聰心\n能強記底有這魄便有這神不是外面入來魄是精\n魂是氣魄主靜魂主動又曰草木之生自有個神他\n自不能生在人則心便是所謂形既生矣神發知矣\n是也\n問生魂死魄曰古人只說三五而盈三五而闕近時\n人方推得他所以圓闕乃是魄受光處魄未嘗無也\n人有魄先衰底有魂先衰底如某近來覺得重聽多\n忘是魄先衰\n先儒言口鼻之噓吸為魂耳目之聰明為魄也只","is_preview":true,"preview_page_limit":10}