{"resource_id":5863,"title":"古今图书集成106","format":"md","encoding":"utf-8","chapters":[{"id":"chapter-1","title":"掩胔部匯考","sections":[{"id":"chapter-1-section-1","title":"上古","paragraphs":["大巢氏始為掩覆","按路史太古大巢氏民之葬者猶未詳焉過者顙泚","於是厚衣之薪而瘞之不封不植也掩覆而已","神農氏制請雨法瘞露骸以待天澤","按路史神農氏制請雨之法蓋南置水掩胳埋胔以","待天澤之至"]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-2","title":"周","paragraphs":["周命蠟氏掌除骴瘞死於道路者並以孟春之月掩","骼埋胔","按周禮秋官蠟氏下士四人徒四十人掌除骴凡國","之大祭祀令州里除不蠲禁刑者任人及凶服者以","及郊野大師大賓客亦如之若有死於道路者則令","埋而置楬焉書其日月焉縣其衣服任器於有地之","官以待其人掌凡國之骴禁","訂","義","鄭康成曰蠟骨肉腐臭蠅蟲所蠟也月令曰掩","胳埋骴此官之職　劉執中曰枯骨曰胳肉腐曰","骴人獸皆同職掌揜而埋之不令暴露於溝壑道","路也　鄭康成曰蠲讀如吉圭惟饎之圭潔也刑","者黥劓之屬任人司圜所收教罷民也凶服服衰","絰也此所禁除者皆為不欲見人所穢惡也　李","嘉會曰大師大賓俱尚清淨不令所可惡者亂其","目也　鄭康成曰禁謂孟春掩胳埋胔之屬　鄭","鍔曰骴與胔同然其字乃與蜡祭之蠟字同昭禹","謂蜡祭百物昔之羽蠃鮮毛介之物畢致焉蜡祭","所致者神蠟氏所治者形形神相聚而為生相離","而為死二者實相待焉故其字同然蠟者索也無","乃索朽腐之骨肉而除之者乎","按禮記月令孟春之月掩胳埋胔","注","骨枯曰骼肉腐曰胔","正","義","胔骨之尚有肉者也骼","言掩胔言埋互言耳"]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-3","title":"漢","paragraphs":["高祖八年令士卒從軍死者縣給衣衾棺葬","按漢書高祖本紀八年上東擊韓信餘寇還十一月","令士卒從軍死者為槥歸其縣縣給衣衾棺葬具祠","以少牢長吏視葬","成帝河平四年遣光祿大夫博士嘉等行舉瀕河之","郡為水流壓死者令郡國葬埋","按漢書成帝本紀四年三月癸丑朔日有蝕之遣光","祿大夫博士嘉等十一人行舉瀕河之郡水所毀傷","睏乏不能自存者財振貸其為水所流壓死不能自","葬令郡國給槥櫝葬埋已葬者與錢人二千"]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-4","title":"後漢","paragraphs":["光武建武元年帝命收葬范陽吏士","按後漢書光武本紀元年光武從薊還過范陽命收","葬吏士","安帝元初二年春二月遣中謁者葬客死者","按後漢書安帝本紀二年二月戊戌遣中謁者收葬","京師客死無家屬及棺槨朽敗者皆為設祭其有家","屬尤貧無以葬者賜錢人五千","衝帝永嘉元年詔遣使者案行未斂葬者","按後漢書質帝本紀皇太后詔曰朕以不德託母天","下佈政不明每失厥中兵役連年死亡流離或支骸","不斂或停棺莫收朕甚愍焉昔文王葬枯骨人賴其","德今遣使者案行若無家屬及貧無資者隨宜賜卹","以慰孤魂","質帝本初元年詔瘞九江廣陵二郡枯骸並遣官收","葬樂安海水漂沒者","按後漢書質帝本紀元年二月庚辰詔曰九江廣陵","二郡數離寇害殘夷最甚生者失其資業死者委屍","原野昔之為政一物不得其所若己為之況我元元","嬰此困毒方春戒節賑濟乏□掩胳埋胔之時其調","比郡見谷出稟窮弱收葬枯骸務加埋恤以稱朕意","五月海水溢戊申使謁者案行收葬樂安北海人為","水所漂沒死者","桓帝建和三年詔瘞京師家貧無以葬者","按後漢書桓帝本紀三年十一月甲申詔曰朕攝政","失中災眚連仍三光不明陰陽錯序監寐寤嘆疢如","疾首今京師廝舍死者相枕郡縣阡陌處處有之甚","違周文掩胔之義其有家屬而貧無以葬者給直人","三千喪主布三匹若無親屬可於官壖地葬之表識","姓名為設祠祭又徒在作部疾病致醫藥死亡厚埋","藏民有不能自振及流移者稟谷如科州郡檢察務","崇恩施以康我民","永壽元年六月大水詔收葬被水流壓屍骸","按後漢書桓帝本紀元年六月洛水溢壞鴻德苑南","陽大水詔被水死流失屍骸者令郡縣鉤求收葬及","所唐突壓溺物故七歲以上賜錢人二千壞敗廬舍","亡失穀食尤貧者稟人二斛","獻帝延康元年魏王丕令郡國殯送士卒死亡者","按後漢書獻帝本紀不載　按魏志文帝本紀冬十","一月癸卯令曰諸將征伐士卒死亡者或未收斂吾","甚哀之其告郡國給槥櫝殯斂送致其家官為設祭"]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-5","title":"魏","paragraphs":["高貴鄉公正元二年十一月癸丑詔瘞洮西戰亡及","溺死露骸","按魏志高貴鄉公紀二年詔曰往者洮西之戰將吏","士民或臨陣戰亡或沉溺洮水骸骨不收棄於原野","吾常痛之其告徵西將軍安西將軍各令部人於戰","處及水次鉤求屍喪收斂藏埋以慰存亡"]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-6","title":"晉","paragraphs":["愍帝建興三年敕雍州掩盜發露胔","按晉書愍帝本紀三年六月盜發漢霸杜二陵辛巳","敕雍州掩胳埋胔修復陵墓有犯者誅及三族"]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-7","title":"宋","paragraphs":["文帝元嘉二十八年詔遭寇郡縣掩胳封屍","按宋書文帝本紀二十八年二月丙辰索虜自盱眙","奔走癸酉詔曰玁允孔熾難及數州眷言念之寤寐","興悼兇羯痍挫迸跡遠奔雕傷之民宜時振理凡遭","寇賊郡縣令還復居業封屍掩胳賑贍飢流東作方","始務盡勸課貸給之宜事從優厚其流寓江淮者並","聽即屬並蠲復稅調","孝武帝大明元年遣使葬疾疫死者","按宋書孝武帝本紀元年夏四月京邑疾疫丙申遣","使按行賜給醫藥死而無收斂者官為斂埋","後廢帝元徽二年五月丁酉詔京邑二縣埋藏所殺","賊並戰亡者","按宋書後廢帝本紀云云","順帝升明元年齊王築新亭壘凡古墟曩隧悉為收","葬","按宋書順帝本紀不載　按南齊書高帝本紀元年","閏十二月辛丑太祖率大眾出屯新亭中興堂治嚴","築壘教曰河南稱慈諒由掩胔廣漢流仁實存殯朽","近袤制茲營崇溝浚塹古墟曩隧時有湮移深松茂","草或致刊剃憑軒動懷巡隍增愴宜併為收改葬並","設薄祀","南齊","高帝建元元年夏六月詔埋枯骸可識者運送還故","裡","按南齊書高帝本紀元年六月乙亥詔曰宋末頻年","戎寇兼災疾雕損或枯骸不收毀櫬莫掩宜速宣下","埋藏營恤若標題猶存姓字可識可即運載致還本","鄉有司奏遣外監典事四人周行離門外三十五里","為限其餘班下州郡無棺器標題者屬所以臺錢供","市","世祖永明元年夏四月詔袁粲劉秉沈攸之等皆得","改葬","按南齊書世祖本紀元年夏四月壬午詔曰魏矜袁","紹恩洽丘墓晉亮兩王榮覃餘裔二代弘義前載美","談袁粲劉秉與先朝同獎宋室沈攸之於景和之世","特有乃心雖末節不終而始誠可錄歲月彌往宜特","優降粲秉前年改葬塋兆未修材槨可為經理令粗","足周禮攸之及其諸子喪柩在西者可符荊州送反","舊墓在所為營葬事","永明二年八月詔瘞京師二縣毀發及未櫬露骸","按南齊書世祖本紀二年八月甲子詔曰窆枯掩胳","義重前誥恤老哀癃實惟令典朕求思民瘼弗忘鑑","寐聲憓未敷物多乖所京師二縣或有久墳毀發可","隨宜掩埋遺骸未櫬並加殮瘞疾病窮困不能自存","者詳為條格並加沾賚","和帝中興元年十二月梁王令葬義師陣亡病死及","建康死逆者","按南齊書和帝本紀不載　按梁書武帝本紀元年","十二月己卯高祖入屯閱武堂下令以義師臨陣致","命以疾病死亡者並加葬斂收恤遺孤又令曰朱爵","之捷逆徙送死者特許家人殯葬若無親屬或有貧","苦二縣長尉即為埋掩建康城內不達天命自取淪","滅亦同此科"]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-8","title":"梁","paragraphs":["高祖天監十一年詔瘞戰亡者","按梁書高祖本紀十一年四月戊子詔曰去歲胊山","大殲醜類宜為京觀用旌武功但伐罪弔民皇王盛","軌掩胳埋胔仁者用心其下青州悉使收藏","天監十二"]}]}],"toc":[{"id":"chapter-1-section-1","chapter_title":"掩胔部匯考","section_title":"上古","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-2","chapter_title":"掩胔部匯考","section_title":"周","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-3","chapter_title":"掩胔部匯考","section_title":"漢","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-4","chapter_title":"掩胔部匯考","section_title":"後漢","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-5","chapter_title":"掩胔部匯考","section_title":"魏","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-6","chapter_title":"掩胔部匯考","section_title":"晉","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-7","chapter_title":"掩胔部匯考","section_title":"宋","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-8","chapter_title":"掩胔部匯考","section_title":"梁","is_available":true}],"plain_text":"# 掩胔部匯考\n## 上古\n大巢氏始為掩覆\n按路史太古大巢氏民之葬者猶未詳焉過者顙泚\n於是厚衣之薪而瘞之不封不植也掩覆而已\n神農氏制請雨法瘞露骸以待天澤\n按路史神農氏制請雨之法蓋南置水掩胳埋胔以\n待天澤之至\n## 周\n周命蠟氏掌除骴瘞死於道路者並以孟春之月掩\n骼埋胔\n按周禮秋官蠟氏下士四人徒四十人掌除骴凡國\n之大祭祀令州里除不蠲禁刑者任人及凶服者以\n及郊野大師大賓客亦如之若有死於道路者則令\n埋而置楬焉書其日月焉縣其衣服任器於有地之\n官以待其人掌凡國之骴禁\n訂\n義\n鄭康成曰蠟骨肉腐臭蠅蟲所蠟也月令曰掩\n胳埋骴此官之職　劉執中曰枯骨曰胳肉腐曰\n骴人獸皆同職掌揜而埋之不令暴露於溝壑道\n路也　鄭康成曰蠲讀如吉圭惟饎之圭潔也刑\n者黥劓之屬任人司圜所收教罷民也凶服服衰\n絰也此所禁除者皆為不欲見人所穢惡也　李\n嘉會曰大師大賓俱尚清淨不令所可惡者亂其\n目也　鄭康成曰禁謂孟春掩胳埋胔之屬　鄭\n鍔曰骴與胔同然其字乃與蜡祭之蠟字同昭禹\n謂蜡祭百物昔之羽蠃鮮毛介之物畢致焉蜡祭\n所致者神蠟氏所治者形形神相聚而為生相離\n而為死二者實相待焉故其字同然蠟者索也無\n乃索朽腐之骨肉而除之者乎\n按禮記月令孟春之月掩胳埋胔\n注\n骨枯曰骼肉腐曰胔\n正\n義\n胔骨之尚有肉者也骼\n言掩胔言埋互言耳\n## 漢\n高祖八年令士卒從軍死者縣給衣衾棺葬\n按漢書高祖本紀八年上東擊韓信餘寇還十一月\n令士卒從軍死者為槥歸其縣縣給衣衾棺葬具祠\n以少牢長吏視葬\n成帝河平四年遣光祿大夫博士嘉等行舉瀕河之\n郡為水流壓死者令郡國葬埋\n按漢書成帝本紀四年三月癸丑朔日有蝕之遣光\n祿大夫博士嘉等十一人行舉瀕河之郡水所毀傷\n睏乏不能自存者財振貸其為水所流壓死不能自\n葬令郡國給槥櫝葬埋已葬者與錢人二千\n## 後漢\n光武建武元年帝命收葬范陽吏士\n按後漢書光武本紀元年光武從薊還過范陽命收\n葬吏士\n安帝元初二年春二月遣中謁者葬客死者\n按後漢書安帝本紀二年二月戊戌遣中謁者收葬\n京師客死無家屬及棺槨朽敗者皆為設祭其有家\n屬尤貧無以葬者賜錢人五千\n衝帝永嘉元年詔遣使者案行未斂葬者\n按後漢書質帝本紀皇太后詔曰朕以不德託母天\n下佈政不明每失厥中兵役連年死亡流離或支骸\n不斂或停棺莫收朕甚愍焉昔文王葬枯骨人賴其\n德今遣使者案行若無家屬及貧無資者隨宜賜卹\n以慰孤魂\n質帝本初元年詔瘞九江廣陵二郡枯骸並遣官收\n葬樂安海水漂沒者\n按後漢書質帝本紀元年二月庚辰詔曰九江廣陵\n二郡數離寇害殘夷最甚生者失其資業死者委屍\n原野昔之為政一物不得其所若己為之況我元元\n嬰此困毒方春戒節賑濟乏□掩胳埋胔之時其調\n比郡見谷出稟窮弱收葬枯骸務加埋恤以稱朕意\n五月海水溢戊申使謁者案行收葬樂安北海人為\n水所漂沒死者\n桓帝建和三年詔瘞京師家貧無以葬者\n按後漢書桓帝本紀三年十一月甲申詔曰朕攝政\n失中災眚連仍三光不明陰陽錯序監寐寤嘆疢如\n疾首今京師廝舍死者相枕郡縣阡陌處處有之甚\n違周文掩胔之義其有家屬而貧無以葬者給直人\n三千喪主布三匹若無親屬可於官壖地葬之表識\n姓名為設祠祭又徒在作部疾病致醫藥死亡厚埋\n藏民有不能自振及流移者稟谷如科州郡檢察務\n崇恩施以康我民\n永壽元年六月大水詔收葬被水流壓屍骸\n按後漢書桓帝本紀元年六月洛水溢壞鴻德苑南\n陽大水詔被水死流失屍骸者令郡縣鉤求收葬及\n所唐突壓溺物故七歲以上賜錢人二千壞敗廬舍\n亡失穀食尤貧者稟人二斛\n獻帝延康元年魏王丕令郡國殯送士卒死亡者\n按後漢書獻帝本紀不載　按魏志文帝本紀冬十\n一月癸卯令曰諸將征伐士卒死亡者或未收斂吾\n甚哀之其告郡國給槥櫝殯斂送致其家官為設祭\n## 魏\n高貴鄉公正元二年十一月癸丑詔瘞洮西戰亡及\n溺死露骸\n按魏志高貴鄉公紀二年詔曰往者洮西之戰將吏\n士民或臨陣戰亡或沉溺洮水骸骨不收棄於原野\n吾常痛之其告徵西將軍安西將軍各令部人於戰\n處及水次鉤求屍喪收斂藏埋以慰存亡\n## 晉\n愍帝建興三年敕雍州掩盜發露胔\n按晉書愍帝本紀三年六月盜發漢霸杜二陵辛巳\n敕雍州掩胳埋胔修復陵墓有犯者誅及三族\n## 宋\n文帝元嘉二十八年詔遭寇郡縣掩胳封屍\n按宋書文帝本紀二十八年二月丙辰索虜自盱眙\n奔走癸酉詔曰玁允孔熾難及數州眷言念之寤寐\n興悼兇羯痍挫迸跡遠奔雕傷之民宜時振理凡遭\n寇賊郡縣令還復居業封屍掩胳賑贍飢流東作方\n始務盡勸課貸給之宜事從優厚其流寓江淮者並\n聽即屬並蠲復稅調\n孝武帝大明元年遣使葬疾疫死者\n按宋書孝武帝本紀元年夏四月京邑疾疫丙申遣\n使按行賜給醫藥死而無收斂者官為斂埋\n後廢帝元徽二年五月丁酉詔京邑二縣埋藏所殺\n賊並戰亡者\n按宋書後廢帝本紀云云\n順帝升明元年齊王築新亭壘凡古墟曩隧悉為收\n葬\n按宋書順帝本紀不載　按南齊書高帝本紀元年\n閏十二月辛丑太祖率大眾出屯新亭中興堂治嚴\n築壘教曰河南稱慈諒由掩胔廣漢流仁實存殯朽\n近袤制茲營崇溝浚塹古墟曩隧時有湮移深松茂\n草或致刊剃憑軒動懷巡隍增愴宜併為收改葬並\n設薄祀\n南齊\n高帝建元元年夏六月詔埋枯骸可識者運送還故\n裡\n按南齊書高帝本紀元年六月乙亥詔曰宋末頻年\n戎寇兼災疾雕損或枯骸不收毀櫬莫掩宜速宣下\n埋藏營恤若標題猶存姓字可識可即運載致還本\n鄉有司奏遣外監典事四人周行離門外三十五里\n為限其餘班下州郡無棺器標題者屬所以臺錢供\n市\n世祖永明元年夏四月詔袁粲劉秉沈攸之等皆得\n改葬\n按南齊書世祖本紀元年夏四月壬午詔曰魏矜袁\n紹恩洽丘墓晉亮兩王榮覃餘裔二代弘義前載美\n談袁粲劉秉與先朝同獎宋室沈攸之於景和之世\n特有乃心雖末節不終而始誠可錄歲月彌往宜特\n優降粲秉前年改葬塋兆未修材槨可為經理令粗\n足周禮攸之及其諸子喪柩在西者可符荊州送反\n舊墓在所為營葬事\n永明二年八月詔瘞京師二縣毀發及未櫬露骸\n按南齊書世祖本紀二年八月甲子詔曰窆枯掩胳\n義重前誥恤老哀癃實惟令典朕求思民瘼弗忘鑑\n寐聲憓未敷物多乖所京師二縣或有久墳毀發可\n隨宜掩埋遺骸未櫬並加殮瘞疾病窮困不能自存\n者詳為條格並加沾賚\n和帝中興元年十二月梁王令葬義師陣亡病死及\n建康死逆者\n按南齊書和帝本紀不載　按梁書武帝本紀元年\n十二月己卯高祖入屯閱武堂下令以義師臨陣致\n命以疾病死亡者並加葬斂收恤遺孤又令曰朱爵\n之捷逆徙送死者特許家人殯葬若無親屬或有貧\n苦二縣長尉即為埋掩建康城內不達天命自取淪\n滅亦同此科\n## 梁\n高祖天監十一年詔瘞戰亡者\n按梁書高祖本紀十一年四月戊子詔曰去歲胊山\n大殲醜類宜為京觀用旌武功但伐罪弔民皇王盛\n軌掩胳埋胔仁者用心其下青州悉使收藏\n天監十二","is_preview":true,"preview_page_limit":10}