{"resource_id":5785,"title":"古今图书集成28","format":"md","encoding":"utf-8","chapters":[{"id":"chapter-1","title":"古今圖書整合28","sections":[{"id":"chapter-1-section-1","title":"正文","paragraphs":["恩讎部匯考","周禮","地官","調人掌司萬民之難而諧和之","注","難相與為仇讎諧猶調也","訂","義","項氏曰凡民之難","常起於有己有物己與物偶不能無愛惡愛惡相","攻則忮心生故有以一日之忿而為終身之仇讎","□睚必報雖死無恨此其為難豈勝言哉先王於","是命調人諧和之","凡過而殺傷人者以民成之","訂","義","鄭鍔曰過誤殺傷在此無可讎之理在彼有必","讎之義調人合鄉里之民立為證佐共明其非本","意以平其怨怒之心亦省刑罰之一端　鄭景望","曰故殺故傷斷以正刑無所複議過非本意而報","以正刑聖人所不忍周家之法五刑之疑雖大辟","皆有赦有罰司刑者原刑定法則如此","鳥獸亦如之","注","過失殺傷人之畜產者","凡和難父之讎闢諸海外兄弟之讎闢諸千里之外","從父兄弟之讎不同國君之讎□父師長之讎□兄","弟主友之讎□從父兄弟弗闢則與之瑞節而以執","之","注","主大夫君也","訂","義","史氏曰凡怨讎蓄積於心不見","則已見則不可已故和之之法亦在於弗使之見","此謂之闢","凡殺人有反殺者使邦國交讎之","疏","既殺一人其有子弟復殺之恐後與己為敵而","害己故鄭雲欲除害弱敵其殺人者或逃向鄰國","所之之國得則讎之故曰邦國交讎之也","凡殺人而義者不同國令勿讎讎之則死","訂","義","劉氏曰殺人而合於義為隱謀禍惡之未發而","能先事殺之朝士曰凡盜賊軍鄉邑及家人殺之","無罪是也遷其子孫使居異國　項氏曰殺人而","義則彼必不義也然猶使之不同國先王不忍使","人臣子與殺其君父者同處然既義而不同國則","不可讎矣讎之必死以伸義也","凡有鬥怒者成之不可成者則書之先動者誅之","訂","義","史氏曰鬥怒平之則不至於爭不受平者為籍","以紀使其不可以再犯先動者誅則雖有怒者不","敢先發以麗於罪此皆息怨息訟之要術也","秋官","朝士凡報仇讎者書於士殺之無罪","注","謂同國不相闢者將報之必先言於士","疏","士即","朝士也","訂","義","鄭鍔曰報讎者必告於士已書於士而","士得之則以刑而論其罪已書於士而士不得其","人苟是人後自得而殺之則無罪謂已告於公故","也許之以報仇讎所以伸人之私恩必使先告於","公然後得以行其事所以杜人之專殺也既書於","士矣及其既報則不論以罪蓋非私殺也","恩讎部總論","春秋四傳","桓公十八年","春秋冬十有二月己丑葬我君桓公","公羊傳賊未討何以書葬讎在外也讎在外則何以","書葬君子辭也","注","時齊強魯弱不可立得報故君子量力且假使","書葬於可復讎而不復乃責之諱與齊狩是也","穀梁傳葬我君接上下也君弒賊不討不書葬此其","言葬何也不責逾國而討於是也","胡傳桓公之讎在齊則外也隱公之讎在魯則內也","在外者不責其逾國固有任之者矣在內者討於是","此春秋之法也故十八年書王而桓公書葬惟可與","權者其知之","莊公四年","春秋紀侯大去其國","公羊傳大去者何滅也孰滅之齊滅之曷為不言齊","滅之為襄公諱也春秋為賢者諱何賢乎襄公復仇","也何仇爾遠祖也哀公亨乎周","注","亨煮而殺之","紀侯譖之以襄公之為於此焉者事祖禰之心盡矣","盡者何襄公將復讎乎紀卜之曰師喪分焉寡人死","之不為不吉也遠祖者幾世乎九世矣九世猶可以","復讎乎雖百世可也家亦可乎曰不可國何以可國","君一體也先君之恥猶今君之恥也今君之恥猶先","君之恥也國君何以為一體國君以國為體諸侯世","故國君為一體也今紀無罪此非怒與曰非也古者","有明天子則紀侯必誅必無紀者紀侯之不誅至今","有紀者猶無明天子也古者諸侯必有會聚之事相","朝聘之道號辭必稱先君以相接然則齊紀無說焉","不可以並立乎天下","注","無悅無悅懌也","故將去紀侯者不得不去紀也有明天子則襄公得","為若行乎曰不得也不得則襄公曷為為之上無天","子下無方伯緣恩心者可也","注","疾痛也","春秋冬公及齊人狩於禚","公谷","作郜","公羊傳公曷為與微者狩齊侯也齊侯則其稱人何","諱與讎者之狩也前此者有事矣後此者有事矣則","曷為獨於此焉譏於讎者將壹譏而已故擇其重者","而譏焉莫重乎其與讎狩也於讎者則曷為將壹譏","而已讎者無時焉可與通通則為大譏不可勝譏故","將壹譏而已其餘從同同","穀梁傳齊人者齊侯也其曰人何也卑公之敵所以","卑公也何為卑公也不復讎而怨不釋刺釋怨也","胡傳父母之讎不共戴天今莊公與齊侯不與共戴","天則無時焉可通也而與之狩是忘親釋怨非人子","矣夫狩一為幹豆其事上主乎宗廟以為有人心者","宜於此焉變矣故齊侯稱人而魯公書及以著其罪","九年","春秋八月庚申及齊師戰於干時我師敗績","公羊傳內不言敗此其言敗何伐敗也曷為伐敗復","讎也","注","復讎以死敗為榮故錄之高齊襄賢仇牧是也","此復讎乎大國曷為使微者公也公則曷為不言公","不與公復讎也曷為不與公復讎復讎者在下也","注","時實不能為納子糾伐齊諸大夫以為不如以","復讎伐之於是以復讎伐之非誠心至意故不與","也","十三年","春秋冬公會齊侯盟於柯","胡傳始及齊平也世讎而平可乎於傳有之敵惠敵","怨不在後嗣魯於襄公有不共戴天之讎當其身則","釋怨不復而主王姬狩於禚會伐衛同圍郕納子糾","故聖人詳加譏貶以著其忘親之罪今易世矣而桓","公始合諸侯安中國尊天王乃欲修怨怒鄰而危其","宗社可謂孝乎故長勺之役專以責魯而柯之盟公","與齊侯皆書其爵則以釋怨而平可也或稱齊襄公","復九世之讎而春秋賢之信乎以仲尼所書柯之盟","其辭無貶則復九世之讎而春秋賢之者妄矣其諸","傳者借襄公事以深罪魯莊當其身而釋怨耶","大","全","朱子曰凡事貴謀始莊公親見襄公殺其父既","不能復讎反與之燕會又為之主婚豈特不能復","而已既親見讎人如此到桓公時又是隔一重了","如何更責他不報　汪氏曰公羊稱齊襄復九世","讎則失之過莊公當其身釋怨不反則失之不及","定公四年","冬十有一月庚午蔡侯以吳子及楚人戰於柏舉楚","師敗績","公羊傳吳何以稱子夷狄也而憂中國其憂中國奈","何伍子胥父誅乎楚挾弓而去楚以幹闔廬闔廬曰","士之甚勇之甚將為之興師而復讎於楚伍子胥復","曰諸侯不為匹夫興師且臣聞之事君猶事父也虧","君之義復父之讎臣不為也於是止蔡昭公朝乎楚","有美裘焉囊瓦求之昭公不與為是拘昭公於南郢","數年然後歸之於其歸焉用事乎河曰天下諸侯苟","有能伐楚者寡人請為之前列楚人聞之怒為是興","師使囊瓦將而伐蔡蔡請救於吳伍子胥復曰蔡非","有罪也楚人為無道君如有憂中國之心則若時可","矣於是興師而救蔡曰事君猶事父也此其為可以","復讎奈何曰父不受誅子復讎可也父受誅子復讎","推刃之道也復讎不除害朋友相衛而不相迿古之","道也","禮記","曲禮","父之讎弗與共戴天兄弟之讎不反兵交遊之讎不","同國","陳","注","不反兵謂常以殺之之兵器自隨也呂氏曰殺","人者死古今之達刑也殺之而義則無罪故令勿","讎調人之職是也殺而不義則殺者當死宜告於","有司而殺之士師之職是也二者皆無事乎復讎","也然復讎之文雜見於經傳考其所以必其人勢","盛緩則不能執故遇則殺之不暇告有司也父者","子之天不能復父讎仰無以視乎皇"]}]}],"toc":[{"id":"chapter-1-section-1","chapter_title":"古今圖書整合28","section_title":"正文","is_available":true}],"plain_text":"# 古今圖書整合28\n恩讎部匯考\n周禮\n地官\n調人掌司萬民之難而諧和之\n注\n難相與為仇讎諧猶調也\n訂\n義\n項氏曰凡民之難\n常起於有己有物己與物偶不能無愛惡愛惡相\n攻則忮心生故有以一日之忿而為終身之仇讎\n□睚必報雖死無恨此其為難豈勝言哉先王於\n是命調人諧和之\n凡過而殺傷人者以民成之\n訂\n義\n鄭鍔曰過誤殺傷在此無可讎之理在彼有必\n讎之義調人合鄉里之民立為證佐共明其非本\n意以平其怨怒之心亦省刑罰之一端　鄭景望\n曰故殺故傷斷以正刑無所複議過非本意而報\n以正刑聖人所不忍周家之法五刑之疑雖大辟\n皆有赦有罰司刑者原刑定法則如此\n鳥獸亦如之\n注\n過失殺傷人之畜產者\n凡和難父之讎闢諸海外兄弟之讎闢諸千里之外\n從父兄弟之讎不同國君之讎□父師長之讎□兄\n弟主友之讎□從父兄弟弗闢則與之瑞節而以執\n之\n注\n主大夫君也\n訂\n義\n史氏曰凡怨讎蓄積於心不見\n則已見則不可已故和之之法亦在於弗使之見\n此謂之闢\n凡殺人有反殺者使邦國交讎之\n疏\n既殺一人其有子弟復殺之恐後與己為敵而\n害己故鄭雲欲除害弱敵其殺人者或逃向鄰國\n所之之國得則讎之故曰邦國交讎之也\n凡殺人而義者不同國令勿讎讎之則死\n訂\n義\n劉氏曰殺人而合於義為隱謀禍惡之未發而\n能先事殺之朝士曰凡盜賊軍鄉邑及家人殺之\n無罪是也遷其子孫使居異國　項氏曰殺人而\n義則彼必不義也然猶使之不同國先王不忍使\n人臣子與殺其君父者同處然既義而不同國則\n不可讎矣讎之必死以伸義也\n凡有鬥怒者成之不可成者則書之先動者誅之\n訂\n義\n史氏曰鬥怒平之則不至於爭不受平者為籍\n以紀使其不可以再犯先動者誅則雖有怒者不\n敢先發以麗於罪此皆息怨息訟之要術也\n秋官\n朝士凡報仇讎者書於士殺之無罪\n注\n謂同國不相闢者將報之必先言於士\n疏\n士即\n朝士也\n訂\n義\n鄭鍔曰報讎者必告於士已書於士而\n士得之則以刑而論其罪已書於士而士不得其\n人苟是人後自得而殺之則無罪謂已告於公故\n也許之以報仇讎所以伸人之私恩必使先告於\n公然後得以行其事所以杜人之專殺也既書於\n士矣及其既報則不論以罪蓋非私殺也\n恩讎部總論\n春秋四傳\n桓公十八年\n春秋冬十有二月己丑葬我君桓公\n公羊傳賊未討何以書葬讎在外也讎在外則何以\n書葬君子辭也\n注\n時齊強魯弱不可立得報故君子量力且假使\n書葬於可復讎而不復乃責之諱與齊狩是也\n穀梁傳葬我君接上下也君弒賊不討不書葬此其\n言葬何也不責逾國而討於是也\n胡傳桓公之讎在齊則外也隱公之讎在魯則內也\n在外者不責其逾國固有任之者矣在內者討於是\n此春秋之法也故十八年書王而桓公書葬惟可與\n權者其知之\n莊公四年\n春秋紀侯大去其國\n公羊傳大去者何滅也孰滅之齊滅之曷為不言齊\n滅之為襄公諱也春秋為賢者諱何賢乎襄公復仇\n也何仇爾遠祖也哀公亨乎周\n注\n亨煮而殺之\n紀侯譖之以襄公之為於此焉者事祖禰之心盡矣\n盡者何襄公將復讎乎紀卜之曰師喪分焉寡人死\n之不為不吉也遠祖者幾世乎九世矣九世猶可以\n復讎乎雖百世可也家亦可乎曰不可國何以可國\n君一體也先君之恥猶今君之恥也今君之恥猶先\n君之恥也國君何以為一體國君以國為體諸侯世\n故國君為一體也今紀無罪此非怒與曰非也古者\n有明天子則紀侯必誅必無紀者紀侯之不誅至今\n有紀者猶無明天子也古者諸侯必有會聚之事相\n朝聘之道號辭必稱先君以相接然則齊紀無說焉\n不可以並立乎天下\n注\n無悅無悅懌也\n故將去紀侯者不得不去紀也有明天子則襄公得\n為若行乎曰不得也不得則襄公曷為為之上無天\n子下無方伯緣恩心者可也\n注\n疾痛也\n春秋冬公及齊人狩於禚\n公谷\n作郜\n公羊傳公曷為與微者狩齊侯也齊侯則其稱人何\n諱與讎者之狩也前此者有事矣後此者有事矣則\n曷為獨於此焉譏於讎者將壹譏而已故擇其重者\n而譏焉莫重乎其與讎狩也於讎者則曷為將壹譏\n而已讎者無時焉可與通通則為大譏不可勝譏故\n將壹譏而已其餘從同同\n穀梁傳齊人者齊侯也其曰人何也卑公之敵所以\n卑公也何為卑公也不復讎而怨不釋刺釋怨也\n胡傳父母之讎不共戴天今莊公與齊侯不與共戴\n天則無時焉可通也而與之狩是忘親釋怨非人子\n矣夫狩一為幹豆其事上主乎宗廟以為有人心者\n宜於此焉變矣故齊侯稱人而魯公書及以著其罪\n九年\n春秋八月庚申及齊師戰於干時我師敗績\n公羊傳內不言敗此其言敗何伐敗也曷為伐敗復\n讎也\n注\n復讎以死敗為榮故錄之高齊襄賢仇牧是也\n此復讎乎大國曷為使微者公也公則曷為不言公\n不與公復讎也曷為不與公復讎復讎者在下也\n注\n時實不能為納子糾伐齊諸大夫以為不如以\n復讎伐之於是以復讎伐之非誠心至意故不與\n也\n十三年\n春秋冬公會齊侯盟於柯\n胡傳始及齊平也世讎而平可乎於傳有之敵惠敵\n怨不在後嗣魯於襄公有不共戴天之讎當其身則\n釋怨不復而主王姬狩於禚會伐衛同圍郕納子糾\n故聖人詳加譏貶以著其忘親之罪今易世矣而桓\n公始合諸侯安中國尊天王乃欲修怨怒鄰而危其\n宗社可謂孝乎故長勺之役專以責魯而柯之盟公\n與齊侯皆書其爵則以釋怨而平可也或稱齊襄公\n復九世之讎而春秋賢之信乎以仲尼所書柯之盟\n其辭無貶則復九世之讎而春秋賢之者妄矣其諸\n傳者借襄公事以深罪魯莊當其身而釋怨耶\n大\n全\n朱子曰凡事貴謀始莊公親見襄公殺其父既\n不能復讎反與之燕會又為之主婚豈特不能復\n而已既親見讎人如此到桓公時又是隔一重了\n如何更責他不報　汪氏曰公羊稱齊襄復九世\n讎則失之過莊公當其身釋怨不反則失之不及\n定公四年\n冬十有一月庚午蔡侯以吳子及楚人戰於柏舉楚\n師敗績\n公羊傳吳何以稱子夷狄也而憂中國其憂中國奈\n何伍子胥父誅乎楚挾弓而去楚以幹闔廬闔廬曰\n士之甚勇之甚將為之興師而復讎於楚伍子胥復\n曰諸侯不為匹夫興師且臣聞之事君猶事父也虧\n君之義復父之讎臣不為也於是止蔡昭公朝乎楚\n有美裘焉囊瓦求之昭公不與為是拘昭公於南郢\n數年然後歸之於其歸焉用事乎河曰天下諸侯苟\n有能伐楚者寡人請為之前列楚人聞之怒為是興\n師使囊瓦將而伐蔡蔡請救於吳伍子胥復曰蔡非\n有罪也楚人為無道君如有憂中國之心則若時可\n矣於是興師而救蔡曰事君猶事父也此其為可以\n復讎奈何曰父不受誅子復讎可也父受誅子復讎\n推刃之道也復讎不除害朋友相衛而不相迿古之\n道也\n禮記\n曲禮\n父之讎弗與共戴天兄弟之讎不反兵交遊之讎不\n同國\n陳\n注\n不反兵謂常以殺之之兵器自隨也呂氏曰殺\n人者死古今之達刑也殺之而義則無罪故令勿\n讎調人之職是也殺而不義則殺者當死宜告於\n有司而殺之士師之職是也二者皆無事乎復讎\n也然復讎之文雜見於經傳考其所以必其人勢\n盛緩則不能執故遇則殺之不暇告有司也父者\n子之天不能復父讎仰無以視乎皇","is_preview":true,"preview_page_limit":10}