{"resource_id":5784,"title":"古今图书集成27","format":"md","encoding":"utf-8","chapters":[{"id":"chapter-1","title":"忿爭部藝文一","sections":[{"id":"chapter-1-section-1","title":"讓孫皎書　　　　　　　　　吳大帝","paragraphs":["自吾與北方為敵中間十年初時相持年小今者且","三十矣孔子言三十而立非但謂五經也授卿以精","兵委卿以大任都護諸將於千里之外欲使如楚任","昭奚恤揚威於北境非徒相使逞私志而已近聞卿","與甘興霸飲因酒發作侵陵其人其人求屬呂蒙督","中此人雖粗豪有不如人意時然其較略大丈夫也","吾親之者非私之也吾親愛之卿□憎之卿所為每","與吾違其可久乎夫居敬而行簡可以臨民愛人多","容可以得眾二者尚不能知安可董督在遠禦寇濟","難乎卿行長大特受重任上有遠方瞻望之視下有","部曲朝夕從事何可恣意有盛怒耶人誰無過貴其","能改宜追前愆深自咎責今故煩諸葛子瑜重宣吾","意臨書摧愴心悲淚下"]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-2","title":"答戚如玉　　　　　　　　　宋張栻","paragraphs":["垂諭忿怒之病氣習偏私處正當深致其力損卦懲","忿窒慾懲之為言須思其所以然而懲艾之先覺謂","惟思為能窒慾某謂懲忿亦然若謂正當發時最好","看吾本心此卻有病本心須是平日涵泳庶幾私意","漸可消磨若當其發時如明道先生所謂遽忘其怒","而觀理之是非則可若直待此事看吾本心則天理","人慾不相參恐無力也更幸思之"]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-3","title":"戒忿爭　　　　　　　　　明彭仲剛","paragraphs":["一朝之忿可以忘身及親錐刀之事可以破家蕩業","故忿爭不可以不戒也大抵忿爭之起其初甚微而","其禍甚大所謂涓涓不壅將為江河綿綿不絕或成","網羅人能於其初而堅忍制伏之則無事矣性猶火","也方發之初滅之甚易既已焰熾則焚山燎原不可","撲滅豈不甚可畏哉俗語云得忍且忍得戒且戒不","忍不戒小事成大試觀今人忿爭致訟以致忘身及","親破家蕩業者其初亦豈有大故哉被人少有所擊","觸則必忿被人少有所侵凌則必爭不能忍也則詈","人而人亦詈之毆人而人亦毆之訟人而人亦訟之","相怨相讎各務相勝勝心既熾無緣可遏此忘身及","親破家蕩業之由也莫若於其將忿之初則便忍之","才忍過片時則心便清涼矣於其欲爭之初則且忍","之果所侵有利害徐以禮懇問之不從而後徐訟之","於官可也若蒙官司見直行之稍峻亦當委曲以全","鄰里之義如此則不傷財不勞神身心安寧人亦信","服此人世中安樂法也比之忿鬥爭競喪心費財伺","候公庭俯仰胥吏拘繫囹圄荒廢本業以致忘身及","親破家蕩業者不亦遠乎"]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-4","title":"忿爭部藝文二","paragraphs":["詩"]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-5","title":"爭讓吟　　　　　　　　　　宋邵雍","paragraphs":["有讓豈無爭無沿安有革爭讓起於心沿革生於跡","羲軒讓以道堯舜讓以德湯武爭以功桓文爭以力"]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-6","title":"忿爭部總論","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-7","title":"易經","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-8","title":"訟卦","paragraphs":["訟有孚窒惕中吉終兇","程","傳","卦之中實為有孚之象訟者與人爭辯而待決","於人雖有孚亦窒塞未通不窒則已明□訟矣事","既未辨吉凶未可必也故有畏惕中吉得中則吉","也終兇終極其事則兇也","利見大人不利涉大川","程","傳","訟者求辨其曲直也故利見於大人大人則能","以其剛明中正決所訟也訟非和平之事當擇安","地而處不可陷於危險故不利涉大川也","本","義","訟爭","辯也佔者必有爭辯之事而隨其所處為吉凶也","彖曰訟上剛下險險而健訟","訟有孚窒惕中吉剛來而得中也終兇訟不可成也","利見大人尚中正也不利涉大川入於淵也","象曰天與水違行訟君子以作事謀始","程","傳","君子觀象知人情有爭訟之道故凡所作事必","謀其始絕訟端於事之始則訟□由生矣謀始之","義廣矣若慎交結明契券之類是也"]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-9","title":"損卦","paragraphs":["象曰山下有澤損君子以懲忿窒欲","程","傳","修己之道所當損者惟忿與欲故必懲戒其忿","怒窒塞其意欲也全怒易發難制故曰懲懲是戒","於其後朱子曰懲也不是專戒於後若是怒時也","須先懲治他始得懲者懲於今而戒於後耳問觀","山之象以懲忿是如何曰人怒時自是恁突兀起","來故孫權曰令人氣湧如山懲忿如摧山又曰懲","忿如救火"]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-10","title":"書經","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-11","title":"虞書大禹謨","paragraphs":["帝曰汝惟不矜天下莫與汝爭能汝惟不伐天下莫","與汝爭功","大","全","呂氏曰才立己便有物與我對對則必爭一矜","伐其功能便有爭之理矜伐者爭之對也不矜不","伐無我也無我則無對無對則無爭　陳氏經曰","能者忌之媒功者爭之府禹以不矜伐之心而起","天下不爭之心聖賢所為盡己而已"]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-12","title":"禮記","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-13","title":"曲禮","paragraphs":["很毋求勝","注","為傷平也很鬩也謂爭訟也","疏","正義曰很謂小","小鬩很凡人所爭皆欲求勝故戒之雲如有小小","鬩很當引過歸己不可求勝","集","說","藍田呂氏曰很者","與人爭者也君子無所爭犯而不校而已故不求","勝也　馬氏曰很毋求勝君子所以懲忿也蓋剛","而不輔以道則至於鬥而危其身矣此很之所以","不可求勝也","分爭辯訟非禮不決","集","說","藍田呂氏曰理有可否則爭情有曲直則訟惟","禮為能決之蓋分爭者合於禮則可不合於禮則","不可有禮則直無禮則不直故曰非禮不決　王","氏子墨曰凡人意氣相凌而不相下則有爭有訟","爭訟者起於人之不能各以禮自持也今欲分其","爭辯其訟亦在乎斷之以禮而已禮一明而曲直","之情判故曰分爭辯訟非禮不決","在醜夷不爭","疏","在醜夷不爭者明朋儕禮也醜夷皆等類之名","夫貴賤相臨則有畏憚朋儕等輩喜爭勝負忘身","及親故宜戒之以不爭","集","說","藍田呂氏曰醜夷同等","之稱也事親者居上不驕為下不亂在醜不爭三","者不除雖日用三牲之養猶為不孝也孝經引三","者此獨雲在醜夷不爭者上下驕亂之禍為少而","醜夷之爭多也孝子一出言舉足不敢忘父母苟","好勇鬥很以危父母一朝之忿忘其身以及其親","則所以養親者果安在哉　嚴陵方氏曰推和親","之心以及乎人則與人不爭陰陽之和矣推利親","之心以及乎人則與人不爭險易之利矣此所以","終言在醜夷不爭也　永嘉戴氏曰在醜夷不爭","謂處於聚族群居之中不敢有爭以傷父母之心","詩曰妻子好合如鼓瑟琴兄弟既翕和樂且耽宜","爾室家樂爾妻孥子曰父母其順矣乎妻子好合","兄弟和樂父母處於其間怡然而順然則在醜夷","而爭者父母之心固有所不樂也","禮運","爭奪相殺謂之人患聖人之所以尚辭讓去爭奪舍","禮何以治之","集","說","爭而後奪奪而後相殺此皆足以召禍故謂之","人患也"]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-14","title":"樂記","paragraphs":["樂至則無怨禮至則不爭","疏","禮行於民由於謙故不爭"]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-15","title":"周禮","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-16","title":"地官","paragraphs":["大司徒施十有二教二曰以陽禮教讓則民不爭","注","陽禮謂鄉射飲酒之禮也","疏","黨正飲酒之時五","十者堂下六十者堂上皆以齒讓為禮則無爭故","雲以陽禮教讓則民不爭也","調人掌司萬民之難而諧和之凡有鬥怒者成之不","可成者則書之先動者誅之","訂","義","史氏曰鬥怒平之則不至於爭不受平者為籍","以紀使其不可以再犯先動者誅則雖有怒者不","敢先發以麗於罪"]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-17","title":"爾雅","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-18","title":"釋言","paragraphs":["鬩恨也","注","相怨恨","疏","孫炎本作很解雲相很戾小雅棠棣","雲兄弟鬩於牆毛傳雲鬩很也很者忿呼之名","春秋左傳","襄公十三年取邿傳","君子曰讓禮之主也範宣子讓其下皆讓欒黶為汰","弗敢違也晉國以平數世賴之刑善也夫一人刑善","百姓休和可不務乎書曰一人有慶兆民賴之其寧","惟永其是之謂乎周之興也其詩曰儀刑文王萬邦","作孚言刑善也及其衰也其詩曰大夫不均我從事","獨賢言不讓也世之治也君子尚能而讓其下小人","農力以事其上是以上下有禮而讒慝黜遠由不爭","也謂之懿德及其亂也君"]}]}],"toc":[{"id":"chapter-1-section-1","chapter_title":"忿爭部藝文一","section_title":"讓孫皎書　　　　　　　　　吳大帝","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-2","chapter_title":"忿爭部藝文一","section_title":"答戚如玉　　　　　　　　　宋張栻","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-3","chapter_title":"忿爭部藝文一","section_title":"戒忿爭　　　　　　　　　明彭仲剛","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-4","chapter_title":"忿爭部藝文一","section_title":"忿爭部藝文二","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-5","chapter_title":"忿爭部藝文一","section_title":"爭讓吟　　　　　　　　　　宋邵雍","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-6","chapter_title":"忿爭部藝文一","section_title":"忿爭部總論","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-7","chapter_title":"忿爭部藝文一","section_title":"易經","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-8","chapter_title":"忿爭部藝文一","section_title":"訟卦","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-9","chapter_title":"忿爭部藝文一","section_title":"損卦","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-10","chapter_title":"忿爭部藝文一","section_title":"書經","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-11","chapter_title":"忿爭部藝文一","section_title":"虞書大禹謨","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-12","chapter_title":"忿爭部藝文一","section_title":"禮記","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-13","chapter_title":"忿爭部藝文一","section_title":"曲禮","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-14","chapter_title":"忿爭部藝文一","section_title":"樂記","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-15","chapter_title":"忿爭部藝文一","section_title":"周禮","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-16","chapter_title":"忿爭部藝文一","section_title":"地官","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-17","chapter_title":"忿爭部藝文一","section_title":"爾雅","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-18","chapter_title":"忿爭部藝文一","section_title":"釋言","is_available":true}],"plain_text":"# 忿爭部藝文一\n## 讓孫皎書　　　　　　　　　吳大帝\n自吾與北方為敵中間十年初時相持年小今者且\n三十矣孔子言三十而立非但謂五經也授卿以精\n兵委卿以大任都護諸將於千里之外欲使如楚任\n昭奚恤揚威於北境非徒相使逞私志而已近聞卿\n與甘興霸飲因酒發作侵陵其人其人求屬呂蒙督\n中此人雖粗豪有不如人意時然其較略大丈夫也\n吾親之者非私之也吾親愛之卿□憎之卿所為每\n與吾違其可久乎夫居敬而行簡可以臨民愛人多\n容可以得眾二者尚不能知安可董督在遠禦寇濟\n難乎卿行長大特受重任上有遠方瞻望之視下有\n部曲朝夕從事何可恣意有盛怒耶人誰無過貴其\n能改宜追前愆深自咎責今故煩諸葛子瑜重宣吾\n意臨書摧愴心悲淚下\n## 答戚如玉　　　　　　　　　宋張栻\n垂諭忿怒之病氣習偏私處正當深致其力損卦懲\n忿窒慾懲之為言須思其所以然而懲艾之先覺謂\n惟思為能窒慾某謂懲忿亦然若謂正當發時最好\n看吾本心此卻有病本心須是平日涵泳庶幾私意\n漸可消磨若當其發時如明道先生所謂遽忘其怒\n而觀理之是非則可若直待此事看吾本心則天理\n人慾不相參恐無力也更幸思之\n## 戒忿爭　　　　　　　　　明彭仲剛\n一朝之忿可以忘身及親錐刀之事可以破家蕩業\n故忿爭不可以不戒也大抵忿爭之起其初甚微而\n其禍甚大所謂涓涓不壅將為江河綿綿不絕或成\n網羅人能於其初而堅忍制伏之則無事矣性猶火\n也方發之初滅之甚易既已焰熾則焚山燎原不可\n撲滅豈不甚可畏哉俗語云得忍且忍得戒且戒不\n忍不戒小事成大試觀今人忿爭致訟以致忘身及\n親破家蕩業者其初亦豈有大故哉被人少有所擊\n觸則必忿被人少有所侵凌則必爭不能忍也則詈\n人而人亦詈之毆人而人亦毆之訟人而人亦訟之\n相怨相讎各務相勝勝心既熾無緣可遏此忘身及\n親破家蕩業之由也莫若於其將忿之初則便忍之\n才忍過片時則心便清涼矣於其欲爭之初則且忍\n之果所侵有利害徐以禮懇問之不從而後徐訟之\n於官可也若蒙官司見直行之稍峻亦當委曲以全\n鄰里之義如此則不傷財不勞神身心安寧人亦信\n服此人世中安樂法也比之忿鬥爭競喪心費財伺\n候公庭俯仰胥吏拘繫囹圄荒廢本業以致忘身及\n親破家蕩業者不亦遠乎\n## 忿爭部藝文二\n詩\n## 爭讓吟　　　　　　　　　　宋邵雍\n有讓豈無爭無沿安有革爭讓起於心沿革生於跡\n羲軒讓以道堯舜讓以德湯武爭以功桓文爭以力\n## 忿爭部總論\n## 易經\n## 訟卦\n訟有孚窒惕中吉終兇\n程\n傳\n卦之中實為有孚之象訟者與人爭辯而待決\n於人雖有孚亦窒塞未通不窒則已明□訟矣事\n既未辨吉凶未可必也故有畏惕中吉得中則吉\n也終兇終極其事則兇也\n利見大人不利涉大川\n程\n傳\n訟者求辨其曲直也故利見於大人大人則能\n以其剛明中正決所訟也訟非和平之事當擇安\n地而處不可陷於危險故不利涉大川也\n本\n義\n訟爭\n辯也佔者必有爭辯之事而隨其所處為吉凶也\n彖曰訟上剛下險險而健訟\n訟有孚窒惕中吉剛來而得中也終兇訟不可成也\n利見大人尚中正也不利涉大川入於淵也\n象曰天與水違行訟君子以作事謀始\n程\n傳\n君子觀象知人情有爭訟之道故凡所作事必\n謀其始絕訟端於事之始則訟□由生矣謀始之\n義廣矣若慎交結明契券之類是也\n## 損卦\n象曰山下有澤損君子以懲忿窒欲\n程\n傳\n修己之道所當損者惟忿與欲故必懲戒其忿\n怒窒塞其意欲也全怒易發難制故曰懲懲是戒\n於其後朱子曰懲也不是專戒於後若是怒時也\n須先懲治他始得懲者懲於今而戒於後耳問觀\n山之象以懲忿是如何曰人怒時自是恁突兀起\n來故孫權曰令人氣湧如山懲忿如摧山又曰懲\n忿如救火\n## 書經\n## 虞書大禹謨\n帝曰汝惟不矜天下莫與汝爭能汝惟不伐天下莫\n與汝爭功\n大\n全\n呂氏曰才立己便有物與我對對則必爭一矜\n伐其功能便有爭之理矜伐者爭之對也不矜不\n伐無我也無我則無對無對則無爭　陳氏經曰\n能者忌之媒功者爭之府禹以不矜伐之心而起\n天下不爭之心聖賢所為盡己而已\n## 禮記\n## 曲禮\n很毋求勝\n注\n為傷平也很鬩也謂爭訟也\n疏\n正義曰很謂小\n小鬩很凡人所爭皆欲求勝故戒之雲如有小小\n鬩很當引過歸己不可求勝\n集\n說\n藍田呂氏曰很者\n與人爭者也君子無所爭犯而不校而已故不求\n勝也　馬氏曰很毋求勝君子所以懲忿也蓋剛\n而不輔以道則至於鬥而危其身矣此很之所以\n不可求勝也\n分爭辯訟非禮不決\n集\n說\n藍田呂氏曰理有可否則爭情有曲直則訟惟\n禮為能決之蓋分爭者合於禮則可不合於禮則\n不可有禮則直無禮則不直故曰非禮不決　王\n氏子墨曰凡人意氣相凌而不相下則有爭有訟\n爭訟者起於人之不能各以禮自持也今欲分其\n爭辯其訟亦在乎斷之以禮而已禮一明而曲直\n之情判故曰分爭辯訟非禮不決\n在醜夷不爭\n疏\n在醜夷不爭者明朋儕禮也醜夷皆等類之名\n夫貴賤相臨則有畏憚朋儕等輩喜爭勝負忘身\n及親故宜戒之以不爭\n集\n說\n藍田呂氏曰醜夷同等\n之稱也事親者居上不驕為下不亂在醜不爭三\n者不除雖日用三牲之養猶為不孝也孝經引三\n者此獨雲在醜夷不爭者上下驕亂之禍為少而\n醜夷之爭多也孝子一出言舉足不敢忘父母苟\n好勇鬥很以危父母一朝之忿忘其身以及其親\n則所以養親者果安在哉　嚴陵方氏曰推和親\n之心以及乎人則與人不爭陰陽之和矣推利親\n之心以及乎人則與人不爭險易之利矣此所以\n終言在醜夷不爭也　永嘉戴氏曰在醜夷不爭\n謂處於聚族群居之中不敢有爭以傷父母之心\n詩曰妻子好合如鼓瑟琴兄弟既翕和樂且耽宜\n爾室家樂爾妻孥子曰父母其順矣乎妻子好合\n兄弟和樂父母處於其間怡然而順然則在醜夷\n而爭者父母之心固有所不樂也\n禮運\n爭奪相殺謂之人患聖人之所以尚辭讓去爭奪舍\n禮何以治之\n集\n說\n爭而後奪奪而後相殺此皆足以召禍故謂之\n人患也\n## 樂記\n樂至則無怨禮至則不爭\n疏\n禮行於民由於謙故不爭\n## 周禮\n## 地官\n大司徒施十有二教二曰以陽禮教讓則民不爭\n注\n陽禮謂鄉射飲酒之禮也\n疏\n黨正飲酒之時五\n十者堂下六十者堂上皆以齒讓為禮則無爭故\n雲以陽禮教讓則民不爭也\n調人掌司萬民之難而諧和之凡有鬥怒者成之不\n可成者則書之先動者誅之\n訂\n義\n史氏曰鬥怒平之則不至於爭不受平者為籍\n以紀使其不可以再犯先動者誅則雖有怒者不\n敢先發以麗於罪\n## 爾雅\n## 釋言\n鬩恨也\n注\n相怨恨\n疏\n孫炎本作很解雲相很戾小雅棠棣\n雲兄弟鬩於牆毛傳雲鬩很也很者忿呼之名\n春秋左傳\n襄公十三年取邿傳\n君子曰讓禮之主也範宣子讓其下皆讓欒黶為汰\n弗敢違也晉國以平數世賴之刑善也夫一人刑善\n百姓休和可不務乎書曰一人有慶兆民賴之其寧\n惟永其是之謂乎周之興也其詩曰儀刑文王萬邦\n作孚言刑善也及其衰也其詩曰大夫不均我從事\n獨賢言不讓也世之治也君子尚能而讓其下小人\n農力以事其上是以上下有禮而讒慝黜遠由不爭\n也謂之懿德及其亂也君","is_preview":true,"preview_page_limit":10}