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古今圖書整合25\n師友部總論\n禮記\n學記\n三年視敬業樂群五年視博習親師七年視論學取\n友\n疏\n敬業謂藝業長者敬而親之樂群謂群居朋友\n善者願而樂之博習謂廣博學習也親師謂親愛\n其師論學謂學問向成論說學之是非取友謂選\n擇好人取之為友\n安其學而親其師樂其友而信其道是以雖離師輔\n而不反也\n疏\n此明親師愛友也言安樂業既深必知此深由\n本師故至於親愛師也樂其友者師既獲親而同\n志之友亦被於樂重然前三年樂群五年親師親\n師在樂群之後而此前親後樂友者群即友也為\n義然也前明始學故樂友在前此明學業已成故\n親師為首矣輔即友也友主切磋是輔己之道深\n遠也離猶違己也道深明不復虛妄心自信之若\n假令違離師友獨在一處而講說不違反於師友\n昔日之意旨此則強立不反也\n獨學而無友則孤陋而寡聞燕朋逆其師燕闢廢其\n學\n陳\n注\n燕私之朋必不責善或相與以慢其師燕遊邪\n僻必惑外誘得不廢其業乎此燕朋燕闢之害也\n荀子\n性惡\n夫人雖有性質美而心辯知必將求賢師而事之擇\n賢友而友之得賢師而事之則所聞者堯舜禹湯之\n道也得良友而友之則所見者忠信敬讓之行也身\n日進於仁義而不自知也者靡使然也今與不善人\n處則所聞者欺誣詐偽也所見者汗漫淫邪貪利之\n行也身且加於刑戮而不自知者靡使然也傳曰不\n知其子視其友不知其君視其左右靡而已矣靡而\n已矣\n漢賈誼新書\n官人\n王者官人一曰師二曰友知足以為源泉行足以為\n表儀問焉則應求焉則得入人之家足以重人之家\n入人之國足以重人之國者謂之師知足以為礱礪\n行足以為輔助仁足以訪議明於進賢敢於退不肖\n內相匡正外相揚美謂之友故與師為國者帝與友\n為國者王取師之禮黜位而朝之取友之禮以身先\n焉師至則清朝而侍小事不進友至則清殿而侍聲\n樂技藝之人不併見然後帝王之業可得而行也\n宋周子通書\n師友上\n天地間至尊者道至貴者德而已矣至難得者人人\n而至難得者道德有於身而已矣\n注\n人心蔽於物欲鮮克知之故周子每言之詳焉\n求人至難得者有於身非師友則不可得也已\n是以君子必隆師而親友\n師友下\n道義者身有之則貴且尊\n周子於此一意而屢言之非復出也其丁寧之意\n切矣\n人生而蒙長無師友則愚是道義由師友有之\n此處恐更有由師友字屬下句\n而得貴且尊其義不亦重乎其聚不亦樂乎\n此重此樂人亦少知之者\n朱子語類\n論為學之方\n師友之功但能示之於始而正之於終爾若中間三\n十分工夫自用吃力去做既有以喻之於始又自勉\n之於中又其後得人商量是正之則所益厚矣不爾\n則亦何補於事\n性理會通\n人倫\n朱子曰夫道雖若大路然非上智生知之質亦豈能\n不藉師友而獨得之哉要當有以發其端倪然後有\n餘師者可得而求耳\n問人倫不及師曰師與朋友同類而勢分等於君父\n唯其所在則致死焉或雲如在君旁則為君死如在\n父旁則為父死曰也是如此如在君雖父有罪不能\n為父死又曰人倫不及師者朋友多而師少以其多\n者言之問服中不及師何也曰正是難處若論其服\n則當與君父等故禮謂若喪父而無服又曰平居則\n絰\n和靖尹氏曰學者雖是要從師然賴朋友相成處甚\n多師只是開其大端又體貌嚴重若於從容閒暇之\n際委曲論難須是朋友便發明得仔細\n象山陸氏曰天下若無著實師友不是各執己見便\n是恣情縱欲\n道廣大學之無窮古人親師求友之心亦無有窮已\n以夫子之聖猶曰學不厭況在常人其求師友之心\n豈可不汲汲也然師友會聚不可必得有如未得會\n聚則隨己知識隨己力量親書冊就事物豈皆蒙然\n懵然略無毫髮開明處曾子曰尊其所聞則高明行\n其所知則光大非欺人也\n師友部藝文\n師友箴　　　　　　　　　唐柳宗元\n今之世為人師者眾笑之舉世不師故道益離為人\n友者不以道而以利舉世無友故道益棄嗚呼生於\n是病矣歌以為箴既以儆己又以誡人不師如之何\n吾何以成不友如之何吾何以增吾欲從師可從者\n誰借有可從舉世笑之吾欲取友誰可取者借有可\n取中道或舍仲尼不生牙也久死二人可作懼不吾\n以中焉可師恥焉可友謹是二物用惕爾後道苟在\n焉傭丐為偶道之反是公侯以走內考諸古外考諸\n物師乎友乎敬爾無忽\n師友部雜錄\n禮記曲禮直而勿有\n注\n直正也己若不疑則當稱師\n友而正之謙也\n周禮地官調人掌司萬民之難而諧和之凡和難兄\n弟之讎闢諸千里之外從父兄弟之讎不同國師長\n之讎□兄弟主友之讎□從父兄弟\n戰國策郭隗曰帝者與師處王者與友處霸者與臣\n處\n荀子修身篇非我而當者吾師也是我而當者吾友\n也諂諛於我者吾賊也故君子隆師而親友以致惡\n其賊\n庸眾駑散則劫之以師友\n孔叢子獨治篇陳餘謂陳王曰今必欲定天下取王\n侯者其道莫若師賢而友智\n白虎通三綱六紀篇師長有尊朋友有舊\n潛夫論贊學篇君子敦貞之質察敏之才攝之以良\n朋教之以明師其不有濟乎\n抱朴子崇教篇先哲居高不敢忘危愛子欲教之義\n方雕琢切磋弗納於邪偽選明師以象成之擇良友\n以漸染之\n朋友師傅尤宜精簡必取寒素德行之士以清苦自\n立以不群見憚者其經術如仲舒桓榮者強直若龔\n遂王吉者能朝夕講論忠孝之至道正色證存亡之\n軌跡以洗濯垢涅閒邪矯枉宜必抑情遵憲法入德\n訓者矣漢之末世吳之晚年則不然焉望冠蓋以選\n用任朋黨之華譽有師友之名無拾遺之實匪唯無\n益乃反為損\n顏氏家訓序致篇禁童子之暴謔則師友之誡不如\n傅婢之指揮\n舊唐書元稹傳稹獻教本書曰匹士之愛其子者猶\n求明哲之師以教之直諒多聞之友以成之豈天下\n之元良而可以疾廢毦聵不知書者為之師乎疏冗\n散賤不適用者之為友乎此何不及上古之甚也\n同話錄人之五倫朋友寓焉而不言師三人行必有\n我師焉是師寓於朋友中矣然有曰君師有曰父師\n是君父皆有師之道也人之常尊曰君曰父曰師三\n者而已記曰師無當於五服五服弗得師不親以此\n推之君之於臣父之於子力有所不及處賴師之教\n爾故師之德配君父\n省心錄求師問友急於教子者始於章句中於文采\n終於科第所謂入孝出弟泛愛親仁則懵如冥行豈\n不違吾聖人之言乎\n放翁題跋王深有書簡跋此書朝夕觀之使人若居\n嚴師畏友之間不敢萌一毫不善意\n小學廣敬身篇呂舍人曰夫指引者師之功也行有\n不至從容規戒者朋友之任也決意而往則須用己\n力難仰他人矣\n朱子語類九年知類通達橫渠說得好學者至於能\n立則教者無遺恨矣此處方謂大成蓋學者既到立\n處則教者亦不消得管他自住不得故橫渠又云學\n者能立則自強不反而至於聖人之大成矣而今學\n者不能扶持到立處嘗謂此段是個致知之要如雲\n一年視離經辨志古注云離經是斷絕句也此且是\n讀得成句辨志是知得這個是為己那個是為人這\n個是義那個是利三年敬業樂群敬業是知得此是\n合當如此做樂群是知得滋味好與朋友切磋五年\n博習親師博習是無所不習親師是所見與其師相\n近了七年論學取友論學是他","is_preview":true,"preview_page_limit":10}