{"resource_id":5776,"title":"古今图书集成19","format":"md","encoding":"utf-8","chapters":[{"id":"chapter-1","title":"古今圖書整合19","sections":[{"id":"chapter-1-section-1","title":"正文","paragraphs":["好惡部總論","書經","秦誓","人之彥聖其心好之不啻如自其口出","人之有技冒疾以惡之","禮記","曲禮","愛而知其惡憎而知其善","注","謂凡與人交不可以己心之愛憎誣人之善惡","集","說","藍田呂氏曰君子之於眾人則有私愛也不敢","蔽其惡有私惡也不敢掩其善臧伯曰孟孫之惡","我藥石也季孫之愛我疾疢也美疢不如惡石此","知其善惡者也　嚴陵方氏曰愛憎私情也善惡","公義也情之所愛不必皆善故必知其為惡情之","所憎不必皆惡故必知其為善　馬氏曰夫天下","之是非善惡所以不明者蔽於人之憎愛不能徇","理以察物也故曰公生明偏生暗好惡正則天下","之是非瞭然而不惑矣　永嘉周氏曰天下之蔽","莫大乎私天下之明莫大乎公君子之於人也無","私好無私惡惟能公於好惡故能不以一己之愛","憎而易天下之善惡君子之至公有如此者愛而","知其惡憎而知其善此天理人慾之所以分也大","凡人胸中著一件所愛所憎非特不見其惡不見","其善凡其所見卻被人慾障礙並不見了君子純","乎天理故是是非非兩不相奪　李氏曰無作好","則知其惡無作惡則知其善是以能好人能惡人","也　新安朱氏曰己之愛憎或出私心而人之善","惡自有公論唯賢者存心中正乃能不以此而廢","彼也　廬陵吳氏曰魏徵雲憎者惟見其惡愛者","止知其善愛憎之間所宜詳謹春秋傳好不廢過","惡不去善","樂記","好惡著則賢不肖別矣","緇衣","子曰好賢如緇衣惡惡如巷伯則爵不瀆而民作願","刑不試而民鹹服大雅曰儀刑文王萬國作孚","疏","此一節明好賢惡惡賞罰得中則為民所信","集","說","藍田呂氏曰子曰示之以好惡而民知禁上之所","以示下下之所以從上唯好惡而已雖有好善之","跡而無誠好之心則雖賞不勸雖有惡惡之跡而","無誠惡之心則雖刑不懼蓋誠心不至則好惡不","明好惡不明則民莫知其所從違如此而欲人心","之孚天下向風難矣緇衣美鄭武公之詩也父子","併為周司徒善於其職國人宜之緇衣者武公所","為周家卿士之服也武公之為卿士國人宜之其","愛之之深欲武公長為卿士雖衣見其敝我將改","為館之食之唯恐其去好賢之至者也巷伯寺人","傷於讒之詩惡惡之至者也好賢必如緇衣之篤","則人知上之人誠好賢矣不必爵命之數勸而民","必起願心以敬上矣故曰爵不瀆而民作願惡惡","必如巷伯之深則人知上之人誠惡惡矣不必刑","罰之施而民畏服矣故曰刑不試而民鹹服大雅","曰儀刑文王萬邦作孚蓋文王之德好惡得其正","而一出乎誠心故為天下之所儀刑德之所以孚","於下也　廬陵胡氏曰人莫不有好惡也而好惡","得其正者寡矣緇衣好得其正巷伯惡得其正故","舉大雅儀刑文王為言文王好仁而仁興克明德","慎罰其好惡之正如此","孝經","天子章","愛親者不敢惡於人","注","解","司馬光曰不敢惡慢明出乎此者返乎彼者也","惡慢於人則人亦惡慢之如此辱將及親","管子","樞言","愛人甚而不能利也","注","愛甚不利生其怨心","憎人甚而不能害也","憎甚不害生其賊心","子華子","神氣","子車氏之猳其色粹而黑一產而三豚焉其二則粹","而黑其一則駁而白惡其弗類於己也齧而殺之決","裂其腎腸糜盡而後止其同於己者字之惟謹而恐","其傷也子華子曰甚矣心術之善移也夫目眩於異","同而意怵於愛憎雖其所自生殺之而弗悔而況非","其類矣乎今世之人其平居把握附耳呫呫相為然","約而自保其固曾膠漆之不如也及勢利之一接未","有毫澤之差蹴然而變乎己又從而隨之以兵甚矣","心術之善移也無以異乎子車氏之猳","汲冢周書","度訓解","凡民生而有好有惡小得其所好則善大得其所好","則樂小遭其所惡則憂大遭其所惡則哀凡民之所","好惡生物是好死物是惡民至有好而不讓不從其","所好必犯法無以事上民至有惡不讓不去其所惡","必犯法無以事上遍行於此尚有頑民而況曰以可","去其惡而得其所好民能居乎","淮南子","原道訓","知與物接而好憎生焉好憎成形而知誘於外不能","反己而天理滅矣","好憎者心之過也好憎繁多禍乃相隨無所好憎平","之至也","夫性命者與形俱出其宗形備而性命成性命成而","好憎生矣","精神訓","嗜慾者使人之氣越好憎者使人之心勞","說山訓","天下莫相憎於膠漆而莫相愛於冰炭膠漆相賊冰","炭相息也牆之壞愈其立也冰之泮愈其凝也以其","反宗","揚雄方言","性情雜釋","憮憐牟愛也韓鄭曰憮晉衛曰汝潁之間曰憐","宋魯之間曰牟或曰憐憐通語也憮矜悼憐哀也","齊魯之間曰矜陳楚之間曰悼趙魏燕代之間曰","自楚之北郊曰憮秦晉之間或曰矜或曰悼","注","憸多意氣也亦憐耳","亟憐憮愛也東齊海岱之間曰亟自關而西秦晉","之間凡相敬愛謂之亟陳楚江淮之間曰憐宋衛邠","陶之間曰憮或曰","魏劉劭人物誌","八觀","夫人情莫不欲遂其志","注","志之所欲欲遂己成","故烈士樂奮力之功","遭難而力士奮","善士樂督政之訓","政修而善士用","能士樂治亂之事","治亂而求賢能","術士樂計策之謀","廣筭而求其策","辨士樂陵訊之辭","賓贊而求辨給","貪者樂貨財之積","貨財積則貪者容其求","幸者樂權勢之尢","權勢之尢則幸者竊其柄","苟贊其志則莫不欣然是所謂杼其所欲則喜也","所欲之心杼盡復何怨乎","若不杼其所能則不獲其志不獲其志則戚","憂己才之不展","是故功力不建則烈士奮","奮憤不能盡其材也","德行不訓則正人哀","哀不得行其化","政亂不治則能者嘆","嘆不得用其能","敵能未弭則術人思","思不得運其奇","貨財不積則貪者憂","憂無所收其利","權勢不尢則幸者悲","悲不得弄其權","是所謂不杼其能則怨也","所怨不杼其能悅也","人情莫不欲處前故惡人之自伐","皆欲居物先故惡人之自伐也","自伐皆欲勝之類也是故自伐其善則莫不惡也","惡其有勝己之心","是所謂自伐歷之則惡也","自以達者終不自伐","人情皆欲求勝故悅人之謙謙所以下之下有推與","之意是故人無賢愚接之以謙則無不色懌","不問能否皆欲勝人","是所謂以謙下之則悅也","是以君子終日謙謙","人情皆欲掩其所短見其所長","稱其所長則悅稱其所短則慍","是故人駁其所短似若物冒之","情之憤悶有若覆冒","是所謂駁其所乏則婟也","覆冒純塞其心婟戾","人情陵上者也","見人勝己皆欲陵之","陵犯其所惡雖見憎未害也","雖惡我自伐未甚疾害也","若以長駁短是所謂以惡犯婟則妒惡生矣","七繆","夫愛善疾惡人情所常","注","不問賢愚情皆同之也","苟不明質或□善善非","非者見善善者見□豈故然哉由意不明","何以論之夫善非者雖非猶有所是","既有百非必有一是","以其所是順己所長","惡人一是與己所長同也","則不自覺情通意親忽忘其惡","以與己同忘其百非謂矯駕為至孝殘桃為至忠","善人雖善猶有所乏","雖有百善或有一短","以其所乏不明己長","善人一短與己所長異也","以其所長輕己所短則不自知志乖氣違忽忘其善","以與己異百善皆棄謂曲杖為匕首葬楯為反具","邪","是惑於愛惡者也","徵質闇昧者其於接物常以愛惡或異其正","梁劉勰新論","殊好","累榭洞房珠簾玉扆人之所悅也鳥入而憂聳石巉","巖輪菌□結□狖之所便也人上而慄五","英","音","六","莖","音","鹹","池簫韶人之所樂也獸聞而振懸瀨碧潭瀾波洶湧","魚龍之所安也人入而畏飛鼯"]}]}],"toc":[{"id":"chapter-1-section-1","chapter_title":"古今圖書整合19","section_title":"正文","is_available":true}],"plain_text":"# 古今圖書整合19\n好惡部總論\n書經\n秦誓\n人之彥聖其心好之不啻如自其口出\n人之有技冒疾以惡之\n禮記\n曲禮\n愛而知其惡憎而知其善\n注\n謂凡與人交不可以己心之愛憎誣人之善惡\n集\n說\n藍田呂氏曰君子之於眾人則有私愛也不敢\n蔽其惡有私惡也不敢掩其善臧伯曰孟孫之惡\n我藥石也季孫之愛我疾疢也美疢不如惡石此\n知其善惡者也　嚴陵方氏曰愛憎私情也善惡\n公義也情之所愛不必皆善故必知其為惡情之\n所憎不必皆惡故必知其為善　馬氏曰夫天下\n之是非善惡所以不明者蔽於人之憎愛不能徇\n理以察物也故曰公生明偏生暗好惡正則天下\n之是非瞭然而不惑矣　永嘉周氏曰天下之蔽\n莫大乎私天下之明莫大乎公君子之於人也無\n私好無私惡惟能公於好惡故能不以一己之愛\n憎而易天下之善惡君子之至公有如此者愛而\n知其惡憎而知其善此天理人慾之所以分也大\n凡人胸中著一件所愛所憎非特不見其惡不見\n其善凡其所見卻被人慾障礙並不見了君子純\n乎天理故是是非非兩不相奪　李氏曰無作好\n則知其惡無作惡則知其善是以能好人能惡人\n也　新安朱氏曰己之愛憎或出私心而人之善\n惡自有公論唯賢者存心中正乃能不以此而廢\n彼也　廬陵吳氏曰魏徵雲憎者惟見其惡愛者\n止知其善愛憎之間所宜詳謹春秋傳好不廢過\n惡不去善\n樂記\n好惡著則賢不肖別矣\n緇衣\n子曰好賢如緇衣惡惡如巷伯則爵不瀆而民作願\n刑不試而民鹹服大雅曰儀刑文王萬國作孚\n疏\n此一節明好賢惡惡賞罰得中則為民所信\n集\n說\n藍田呂氏曰子曰示之以好惡而民知禁上之所\n以示下下之所以從上唯好惡而已雖有好善之\n跡而無誠好之心則雖賞不勸雖有惡惡之跡而\n無誠惡之心則雖刑不懼蓋誠心不至則好惡不\n明好惡不明則民莫知其所從違如此而欲人心\n之孚天下向風難矣緇衣美鄭武公之詩也父子\n併為周司徒善於其職國人宜之緇衣者武公所\n為周家卿士之服也武公之為卿士國人宜之其\n愛之之深欲武公長為卿士雖衣見其敝我將改\n為館之食之唯恐其去好賢之至者也巷伯寺人\n傷於讒之詩惡惡之至者也好賢必如緇衣之篤\n則人知上之人誠好賢矣不必爵命之數勸而民\n必起願心以敬上矣故曰爵不瀆而民作願惡惡\n必如巷伯之深則人知上之人誠惡惡矣不必刑\n罰之施而民畏服矣故曰刑不試而民鹹服大雅\n曰儀刑文王萬邦作孚蓋文王之德好惡得其正\n而一出乎誠心故為天下之所儀刑德之所以孚\n於下也　廬陵胡氏曰人莫不有好惡也而好惡\n得其正者寡矣緇衣好得其正巷伯惡得其正故\n舉大雅儀刑文王為言文王好仁而仁興克明德\n慎罰其好惡之正如此\n孝經\n天子章\n愛親者不敢惡於人\n注\n解\n司馬光曰不敢惡慢明出乎此者返乎彼者也\n惡慢於人則人亦惡慢之如此辱將及親\n管子\n樞言\n愛人甚而不能利也\n注\n愛甚不利生其怨心\n憎人甚而不能害也\n憎甚不害生其賊心\n子華子\n神氣\n子車氏之猳其色粹而黑一產而三豚焉其二則粹\n而黑其一則駁而白惡其弗類於己也齧而殺之決\n裂其腎腸糜盡而後止其同於己者字之惟謹而恐\n其傷也子華子曰甚矣心術之善移也夫目眩於異\n同而意怵於愛憎雖其所自生殺之而弗悔而況非\n其類矣乎今世之人其平居把握附耳呫呫相為然\n約而自保其固曾膠漆之不如也及勢利之一接未\n有毫澤之差蹴然而變乎己又從而隨之以兵甚矣\n心術之善移也無以異乎子車氏之猳\n汲冢周書\n度訓解\n凡民生而有好有惡小得其所好則善大得其所好\n則樂小遭其所惡則憂大遭其所惡則哀凡民之所\n好惡生物是好死物是惡民至有好而不讓不從其\n所好必犯法無以事上民至有惡不讓不去其所惡\n必犯法無以事上遍行於此尚有頑民而況曰以可\n去其惡而得其所好民能居乎\n淮南子\n原道訓\n知與物接而好憎生焉好憎成形而知誘於外不能\n反己而天理滅矣\n好憎者心之過也好憎繁多禍乃相隨無所好憎平\n之至也\n夫性命者與形俱出其宗形備而性命成性命成而\n好憎生矣\n精神訓\n嗜慾者使人之氣越好憎者使人之心勞\n說山訓\n天下莫相憎於膠漆而莫相愛於冰炭膠漆相賊冰\n炭相息也牆之壞愈其立也冰之泮愈其凝也以其\n反宗\n揚雄方言\n性情雜釋\n憮憐牟愛也韓鄭曰憮晉衛曰汝潁之間曰憐\n宋魯之間曰牟或曰憐憐通語也憮矜悼憐哀也\n齊魯之間曰矜陳楚之間曰悼趙魏燕代之間曰\n自楚之北郊曰憮秦晉之間或曰矜或曰悼\n注\n憸多意氣也亦憐耳\n亟憐憮愛也東齊海岱之間曰亟自關而西秦晉\n之間凡相敬愛謂之亟陳楚江淮之間曰憐宋衛邠\n陶之間曰憮或曰\n魏劉劭人物誌\n八觀\n夫人情莫不欲遂其志\n注\n志之所欲欲遂己成\n故烈士樂奮力之功\n遭難而力士奮\n善士樂督政之訓\n政修而善士用\n能士樂治亂之事\n治亂而求賢能\n術士樂計策之謀\n廣筭而求其策\n辨士樂陵訊之辭\n賓贊而求辨給\n貪者樂貨財之積\n貨財積則貪者容其求\n幸者樂權勢之尢\n權勢之尢則幸者竊其柄\n苟贊其志則莫不欣然是所謂杼其所欲則喜也\n所欲之心杼盡復何怨乎\n若不杼其所能則不獲其志不獲其志則戚\n憂己才之不展\n是故功力不建則烈士奮\n奮憤不能盡其材也\n德行不訓則正人哀\n哀不得行其化\n政亂不治則能者嘆\n嘆不得用其能\n敵能未弭則術人思\n思不得運其奇\n貨財不積則貪者憂\n憂無所收其利\n權勢不尢則幸者悲\n悲不得弄其權\n是所謂不杼其能則怨也\n所怨不杼其能悅也\n人情莫不欲處前故惡人之自伐\n皆欲居物先故惡人之自伐也\n自伐皆欲勝之類也是故自伐其善則莫不惡也\n惡其有勝己之心\n是所謂自伐歷之則惡也\n自以達者終不自伐\n人情皆欲求勝故悅人之謙謙所以下之下有推與\n之意是故人無賢愚接之以謙則無不色懌\n不問能否皆欲勝人\n是所謂以謙下之則悅也\n是以君子終日謙謙\n人情皆欲掩其所短見其所長\n稱其所長則悅稱其所短則慍\n是故人駁其所短似若物冒之\n情之憤悶有若覆冒\n是所謂駁其所乏則婟也\n覆冒純塞其心婟戾\n人情陵上者也\n見人勝己皆欲陵之\n陵犯其所惡雖見憎未害也\n雖惡我自伐未甚疾害也\n若以長駁短是所謂以惡犯婟則妒惡生矣\n七繆\n夫愛善疾惡人情所常\n注\n不問賢愚情皆同之也\n苟不明質或□善善非\n非者見善善者見□豈故然哉由意不明\n何以論之夫善非者雖非猶有所是\n既有百非必有一是\n以其所是順己所長\n惡人一是與己所長同也\n則不自覺情通意親忽忘其惡\n以與己同忘其百非謂矯駕為至孝殘桃為至忠\n善人雖善猶有所乏\n雖有百善或有一短\n以其所乏不明己長\n善人一短與己所長異也\n以其所長輕己所短則不自知志乖氣違忽忘其善\n以與己異百善皆棄謂曲杖為匕首葬楯為反具\n邪\n是惑於愛惡者也\n徵質闇昧者其於接物常以愛惡或異其正\n梁劉勰新論\n殊好\n累榭洞房珠簾玉扆人之所悅也鳥入而憂聳石巉\n巖輪菌□結□狖之所便也人上而慄五\n英\n音\n六\n莖\n音\n鹹\n池簫韶人之所樂也獸聞而振懸瀨碧潭瀾波洶湧\n魚龍之所安也人入而畏飛鼯","is_preview":true,"preview_page_limit":10}