{"resource_id":3210,"title":"鹖冠子","format":"md","encoding":"utf-8","chapters":[{"id":"chapter-1","title":"鶡冠子","sections":[{"id":"chapter-1-section-1","title":"正文","paragraphs":["經名：鶡冠子。戰國鶡冠子撰。北宋陸佃解。三卷。底本出處：《正統道藏》太清部。參校版本：臺灣商務印書館影印文淵閣《四庫全書》本（簡稱《四庫》本）","目錄#1"]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-2","title":"序","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-3","title":"捲上","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-4","title":"博選第一","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-5","title":"著希第二","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-6","title":"夜行第三","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-7","title":"天則第四","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-8","title":"環流第五","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-9","title":"道端第六","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-10","title":"近迭第七","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-11","title":"卷中","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-12","title":"度萬第八","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-13","title":"王鈇第九","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-14","title":"泰鴻第十","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-15","title":"泰錄第十一","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-16","title":"卷下","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-17","title":"世兵第十二","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-18","title":"備知第十三","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-19","title":"兵政第十四","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-20","title":"學問第十五","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-21","title":"世賢第十六","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-22","title":"天權第十七","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-23","title":"能天第十八","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-24","title":"武靈王第十九","paragraphs":["#1目錄原缺，據正文標題補。","鶡冠子序#1","韓子曰：《鶡冠子》十有六篇，其詞雜黃老、刑名。其《博選篇》四稽五至之說當矣，使其人遇其時，援其道，而施於國家，功德豈少哉。《學問篇》稱賤生於無所用，中流失船，一壺千金者，餘三讀其辭而悲之。文字脫繆，為之正三十有五字，乙者三，臧者二十有二，注十有二字雲。陸子曰：鶡冠子，楚人也，居於探山，以鵑為冠，號曰鶡冠子。其道踏駁，著書初本黃老，而末流迪於刑名。《傳》曰：申、韓厲名實，切事情，其極慘繳少恩，而原於道德之意，蓋學之弊有如此者也。故日孔、墨之後，儒分為八，墨離為三。嗚呼，可不慎哉。此書雖雜黃老、刑名，而要其宿，二時若散亂而無家者，然其奇言奧旨奉亦每每而有也。自《博選篇》至《武靈王問》，凡十有九篇，而退之讀此，雲十有六篇者，非全書也。今其書雖具在，然文字脫繆，不可考者多矣。語曰：書三寫，魚成魯帝成虎，豈虛言哉。餘竊閔之，故為釋其可知者，而其不可考者輒疑焉，以俟博洽君子。","#1鶡冠子，相傳為戰國時楚人，姓名不詳；隱居深山，用騙羽為冠，因以為號。其說『初本黃老而末流迪於刑名一。所著《鶡冠子》，《漢書·藝文志》著錄為一篇，列於道家；唐代韓愈稱所見有十六篇，北宋陸佃注本則為三卷十九篇，或疑係後人依託。"]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-25","title":"鶡冠子捲上","paragraphs":["陸佃解"]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-26","title":"博選第一","paragraphs":["王鈇#1非一世之器者，厚德隆俊也。","王鈇，法制也。賈子曰：權勢#2法制，人主之斤斧。夫專任法制，不以厚德將之，而欲以持久，難哉。","道凡四稽，一曰天，二日地，三曰人，四曰命。","命者，所以令之。","權#3人有五至，一曰伯己，","百於己者。","二日什己，","十於己者。","三曰若己，","與己等也。","四日廝役，","事我者也。","五日徒隸。","又其下者。","所謂天者，物理情者也。","道無所治，有之者，以稽於天所以爾也。教者，地事也。治者，天事也。","所謂地者，常弗一作不去者也。","道無所住，有之者，以稽於地所以爾也。運者，天道也。處者，地道也。","所謂人者，惡死樂生者也。所謂命者，靡不在君者也。","莫不聽之之謂命。","君也者，端神明者也。","無為而尊。","神明者，以人為本者也。","因人則逸，任己則勞。","人者，以賢聖為本者也。賢聖者，以博選為本者也。","舜發於畎畝，傅#4說舉於版築，膠鬲舉於魚鹽，管夷吾舉於士，孫叔敖舉於海，百里奚舉於市，然則選士之路豈可不博哉。","博選者，以五至為本者也。故北面而事之，則伯己者至。","北面事之，所謂承之者也。","先趨而後息，先問而後默#5，則什己者至。","先人而趨，後人而息，先人而問，後人而默，雖亦降己，異乎承之者也。是以伯己者往，什己者來。","人趨己趨，則若己者至。","人趨己趨，與之雁行者也。","憑幾據杖，指麾而使，財廝役者至。","坐則憑幾，立則據杖，指麾而使，尚為有禮焉。","樂嗟苦#6咄，則徒隸之人至矣。","人#7一作者，口口口口口口也。樂則嗟#8之，苦則咄之，不禮甚矣。苟非無恥之人，豈所甘心哉。","故帝者與師處，王者與友處，亡主與徒處。故德萬一作百人者謂之雋，","舞者，知哲聖人之謂也。","德千人者謂之豪，","此以歡之豪制名也。","德百一作萬人者謂之英。","此以草之英制名也。《毛詩傳》曰：一萬人日英。《記》曰：五人日茂，十人日選，百人日使，千人日英。今此一又以萬人日使，百人日英，益莫可考合#9。《人物誌》曰：獸之特者為雄，草之秀者為英；韓信是雄，張良是英。此言近之。","德音者所謂聲也，未聞音出而響過其聲者也。貴者有知，富者有財，貧者有身。","無知也故賤，無#10財也故貧，所有者特天地之委形而已。總括百骸謂之身，眾象備見謂之形。","信符不合，事舉不成。","一本雲舉事不成。","不死不生，不#11斷不成。","常騎兩可之地，豈足以就其斷哉。","計功而償，權德而言。王鈇在此，孰能使營？"]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-27","title":"著希第二","paragraphs":["道有稽，","以道為央。","德有據。","以德為驗。","人主不聞要，故耑作常與運堯#12而無以無以下一有自字見也，道與德館而無以命也，義不當格而無以更也。","攘難紗兄之類是已。格，正也。幾此以不聞要而己，然則人主豈可以不知務哉。放飯流歇而問無齒，次亦無益於事也。","若是置之，雖安非定也。","言幸安也，夫抱火厝之積薪之下，而寢外其上，雖未及然，終亦叉運而己矣。","端倚有位，名號弗去。","言其違道遠矣，所存者名號而矣#13。","故希人者無悖其情，希世者無繆其賓。","方是之時，俯而徇俗、仰以阿時者至矣。","文禮之野，與禽獸同則；","羔雁雖有跪乳行列之儀，而以人文格之，野心多矣，又況無羔雁之性者，奈何同之乎。","言語之暴，與蠻夷同謂。","蠻夷，□舌者也。","夫君子者，易親而難狎，畏禍而難卻，","死義，故難卻也。","嗜利而不為非，","義然後取。","時動而不苟作，","不得已而後取。","體雖安之而弗敢處，然後禮生，","君子克己復禮，蓋充此而巳。","心雖欲之而弗敢信，然後義生。一作立。","信猶任也，君子克己就義，蓋充此而巳。","夫義，節欲而治，禮，反情而辨者也，故君子弗徑情而行也。夫亂世者，以麤知為造意#14，","造意，微矣，豈麤智之所能知哉。","以中險味道，","司巇也。","以利為情，若不相與同惡，則不能相親，相與同惡則有相憎，","小人難近如此。","說者言仁則以為誣，發於義則以為誇#15，平心而直告之則有弗信。","利令智昏，不可與明如此。","故賢者之於亂世也，絕豫而無由通，異類而無以告，苦乎哉。","益傷之也。","賢人之潛亂世也，上有隨君，下無直辭，君有驕行，民多諱言，故人乖其誠能，士隱其實情，心雖不說，弗敢不譽，","楊雄《羨新》是已。此非可以#16而不已者也。夫雄如此，而義不能繩墨者，則以有道故也。魯人曰：柳下惠固可吾固不可，孔子善之。然則無雄之道，浮沉濁世，齷齪阿上，而欲自比於雄，亦已惑矣。","事業雖弗善，不敢不力，","此《汝墳》之所勉者也。雖非《殷其雷》之義，亦其所遇不得不爾也。","趨舍雖不合，不敢弗從。","夫在我者皆彼之所不能易，則雖譽所"]}]}],"toc":[{"id":"chapter-1-section-1","chapter_title":"鶡冠子","section_title":"正文","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-2","chapter_title":"鶡冠子","section_title":"序","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-3","chapter_title":"鶡冠子","section_title":"捲上","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-4","chapter_title":"鶡冠子","section_title":"博選第一","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-5","chapter_title":"鶡冠子","section_title":"著希第二","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-6","chapter_title":"鶡冠子","section_title":"夜行第三","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-7","chapter_title":"鶡冠子","section_title":"天則第四","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-8","chapter_title":"鶡冠子","section_title":"環流第五","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-9","chapter_title":"鶡冠子","section_title":"道端第六","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-10","chapter_title":"鶡冠子","section_title":"近迭第七","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-11","chapter_title":"鶡冠子","section_title":"卷中","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-12","chapter_title":"鶡冠子","section_title":"度萬第八","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-13","chapter_title":"鶡冠子","section_title":"王鈇第九","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-14","chapter_title":"鶡冠子","section_title":"泰鴻第十","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-15","chapter_title":"鶡冠子","section_title":"泰錄第十一","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-16","chapter_title":"鶡冠子","section_title":"卷下","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-17","chapter_title":"鶡冠子","section_title":"世兵第十二","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-18","chapter_title":"鶡冠子","section_title":"備知第十三","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-19","chapter_title":"鶡冠子","section_title":"兵政第十四","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-20","chapter_title":"鶡冠子","section_title":"學問第十五","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-21","chapter_title":"鶡冠子","section_title":"世賢第十六","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-22","chapter_title":"鶡冠子","section_title":"天權第十七","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-23","chapter_title":"鶡冠子","section_title":"能天第十八","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-24","chapter_title":"鶡冠子","section_title":"武靈王第十九","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-25","chapter_title":"鶡冠子","section_title":"鶡冠子捲上","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-26","chapter_title":"鶡冠子","section_title":"博選第一","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-27","chapter_title":"鶡冠子","section_title":"著希第二","is_available":true}],"plain_text":"# 鶡冠子\n經名：鶡冠子。戰國鶡冠子撰。北宋陸佃解。三卷。底本出處：《正統道藏》太清部。參校版本：臺灣商務印書館影印文淵閣《四庫全書》本（簡稱《四庫》本）\n目錄#1\n## 序\n## 捲上\n## 博選第一\n## 著希第二\n## 夜行第三\n## 天則第四\n## 環流第五\n## 道端第六\n## 近迭第七\n## 卷中\n## 度萬第八\n## 王鈇第九\n## 泰鴻第十\n## 泰錄第十一\n## 卷下\n## 世兵第十二\n## 備知第十三\n## 兵政第十四\n## 學問第十五\n## 世賢第十六\n## 天權第十七\n## 能天第十八\n## 武靈王第十九\n#1目錄原缺，據正文標題補。\n鶡冠子序#1\n韓子曰：《鶡冠子》十有六篇，其詞雜黃老、刑名。其《博選篇》四稽五至之說當矣，使其人遇其時，援其道，而施於國家，功德豈少哉。《學問篇》稱賤生於無所用，中流失船，一壺千金者，餘三讀其辭而悲之。文字脫繆，為之正三十有五字，乙者三，臧者二十有二，注十有二字雲。陸子曰：鶡冠子，楚人也，居於探山，以鵑為冠，號曰鶡冠子。其道踏駁，著書初本黃老，而末流迪於刑名。《傳》曰：申、韓厲名實，切事情，其極慘繳少恩，而原於道德之意，蓋學之弊有如此者也。故日孔、墨之後，儒分為八，墨離為三。嗚呼，可不慎哉。此書雖雜黃老、刑名，而要其宿，二時若散亂而無家者，然其奇言奧旨奉亦每每而有也。自《博選篇》至《武靈王問》，凡十有九篇，而退之讀此，雲十有六篇者，非全書也。今其書雖具在，然文字脫繆，不可考者多矣。語曰：書三寫，魚成魯帝成虎，豈虛言哉。餘竊閔之，故為釋其可知者，而其不可考者輒疑焉，以俟博洽君子。\n#1鶡冠子，相傳為戰國時楚人，姓名不詳；隱居深山，用騙羽為冠，因以為號。其說『初本黃老而末流迪於刑名一。所著《鶡冠子》，《漢書·藝文志》著錄為一篇，列於道家；唐代韓愈稱所見有十六篇，北宋陸佃注本則為三卷十九篇，或疑係後人依託。\n## 鶡冠子捲上\n陸佃解\n## 博選第一\n王鈇#1非一世之器者，厚德隆俊也。\n王鈇，法制也。賈子曰：權勢#2法制，人主之斤斧。夫專任法制，不以厚德將之，而欲以持久，難哉。\n道凡四稽，一曰天，二日地，三曰人，四曰命。\n命者，所以令之。\n權#3人有五至，一曰伯己，\n百於己者。\n二日什己，\n十於己者。\n三曰若己，\n與己等也。\n四日廝役，\n事我者也。\n五日徒隸。\n又其下者。\n所謂天者，物理情者也。\n道無所治，有之者，以稽於天所以爾也。教者，地事也。治者，天事也。\n所謂地者，常弗一作不去者也。\n道無所住，有之者，以稽於地所以爾也。運者，天道也。處者，地道也。\n所謂人者，惡死樂生者也。所謂命者，靡不在君者也。\n莫不聽之之謂命。\n君也者，端神明者也。\n無為而尊。\n神明者，以人為本者也。\n因人則逸，任己則勞。\n人者，以賢聖為本者也。賢聖者，以博選為本者也。\n舜發於畎畝，傅#4說舉於版築，膠鬲舉於魚鹽，管夷吾舉於士，孫叔敖舉於海，百里奚舉於市，然則選士之路豈可不博哉。\n博選者，以五至為本者也。故北面而事之，則伯己者至。\n北面事之，所謂承之者也。\n先趨而後息，先問而後默#5，則什己者至。\n先人而趨，後人而息，先人而問，後人而默，雖亦降己，異乎承之者也。是以伯己者往，什己者來。\n人趨己趨，則若己者至。\n人趨己趨，與之雁行者也。\n憑幾據杖，指麾而使，財廝役者至。\n坐則憑幾，立則據杖，指麾而使，尚為有禮焉。\n樂嗟苦#6咄，則徒隸之人至矣。\n人#7一作者，口口口口口口也。樂則嗟#8之，苦則咄之，不禮甚矣。苟非無恥之人，豈所甘心哉。\n故帝者與師處，王者與友處，亡主與徒處。故德萬一作百人者謂之雋，\n舞者，知哲聖人之謂也。\n德千人者謂之豪，\n此以歡之豪制名也。\n德百一作萬人者謂之英。\n此以草之英制名也。《毛詩傳》曰：一萬人日英。《記》曰：五人日茂，十人日選，百人日使，千人日英。今此一又以萬人日使，百人日英，益莫可考合#9。《人物誌》曰：獸之特者為雄，草之秀者為英；韓信是雄，張良是英。此言近之。\n德音者所謂聲也，未聞音出而響過其聲者也。貴者有知，富者有財，貧者有身。\n無知也故賤，無#10財也故貧，所有者特天地之委形而已。總括百骸謂之身，眾象備見謂之形。\n信符不合，事舉不成。\n一本雲舉事不成。\n不死不生，不#11斷不成。\n常騎兩可之地，豈足以就其斷哉。\n計功而償，權德而言。王鈇在此，孰能使營？\n## 著希第二\n道有稽，\n以道為央。\n德有據。\n以德為驗。\n人主不聞要，故耑作常與運堯#12而無以無以下一有自字見也，道與德館而無以命也，義不當格而無以更也。\n攘難紗兄之類是已。格，正也。幾此以不聞要而己，然則人主豈可以不知務哉。放飯流歇而問無齒，次亦無益於事也。\n若是置之，雖安非定也。\n言幸安也，夫抱火厝之積薪之下，而寢外其上，雖未及然，終亦叉運而己矣。\n端倚有位，名號弗去。\n言其違道遠矣，所存者名號而矣#13。\n故希人者無悖其情，希世者無繆其賓。\n方是之時，俯而徇俗、仰以阿時者至矣。\n文禮之野，與禽獸同則；\n羔雁雖有跪乳行列之儀，而以人文格之，野心多矣，又況無羔雁之性者，奈何同之乎。\n言語之暴，與蠻夷同謂。\n蠻夷，□舌者也。\n夫君子者，易親而難狎，畏禍而難卻，\n死義，故難卻也。\n嗜利而不為非，\n義然後取。\n時動而不苟作，\n不得已而後取。\n體雖安之而弗敢處，然後禮生，\n君子克己復禮，蓋充此而巳。\n心雖欲之而弗敢信，然後義生。一作立。\n信猶任也，君子克己就義，蓋充此而巳。\n夫義，節欲而治，禮，反情而辨者也，故君子弗徑情而行也。夫亂世者，以麤知為造意#14，\n造意，微矣，豈麤智之所能知哉。\n以中險味道，\n司巇也。\n以利為情，若不相與同惡，則不能相親，相與同惡則有相憎，\n小人難近如此。\n說者言仁則以為誣，發於義則以為誇#15，平心而直告之則有弗信。\n利令智昏，不可與明如此。\n故賢者之於亂世也，絕豫而無由通，異類而無以告，苦乎哉。\n益傷之也。\n賢人之潛亂世也，上有隨君，下無直辭，君有驕行，民多諱言，故人乖其誠能，士隱其實情，心雖不說，弗敢不譽，\n楊雄《羨新》是已。此非可以#16而不已者也。夫雄如此，而義不能繩墨者，則以有道故也。魯人曰：柳下惠固可吾固不可，孔子善之。然則無雄之道，浮沉濁世，齷齪阿上，而欲自比於雄，亦已惑矣。\n事業雖弗善，不敢不力，\n此《汝墳》之所勉者也。雖非《殷其雷》之義，亦其所遇不得不爾也。\n趨舍雖不合，不敢弗從。\n夫在我者皆彼之所不能易，則雖譽所","is_preview":true,"preview_page_limit":10}