{"resource_id":1854,"title":"中论","format":"md","encoding":"utf-8","chapters":[{"id":"chapter-1","title":"中論","sections":[{"id":"chapter-1-section-1","title":"正文","paragraphs":["序言、弁言"]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-2","title":"徐幹中論序","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-3","title":"曾鞏序","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-4","title":"刻徐幹中論序","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-5","title":"捲上","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-6","title":"治學第一","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-7","title":"法象第二","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-8","title":"修本第三","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-9","title":"虛道第四","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-10","title":"貴驗第五","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-11","title":"貴言第六","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-12","title":"藝紀第七","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-13","title":"核辯第八","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-14","title":"智行第九","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-15","title":"爵祿第十","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-16","title":"卷下","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-17","title":"考偽第十一","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-18","title":"譴交第十二","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-19","title":"歷數第十三","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-20","title":"論夭壽第十四","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-21","title":"務本第十五","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-22","title":"審大臣第十六","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-23","title":"慎所從第十七","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-24","title":"亡國第十八","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-25","title":"賞罰第十九","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-26","title":"民數第二十","paragraphs":["後記","序言、弁言"]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-27","title":"徐幹中論序","paragraphs":["予以荀卿子孟軻懷亞聖之才著一家之法繼明聖人之業皆以姓名自書猶至於今厥字不傳原思其故皆由戰國之世樂賢者寡同時之人不早記錄豈況徐子中論之書不以姓名為目乎恐歷久遠名或不傳故不量其才喟然感嘆先目其德以發其姓名述其雅好不刊之行屬之萹首以為之序其辭曰世有雅達君子者姓徐名幹字偉長北海劇人也其先業以清亮臧否為家世濟其美不隕其德至君之身十世矣君含元休清明之氣持造化英哲之性放口而言則樂誦九德之文通耳而識則教不再告未志乎學蓋已誦文數十萬言矣年十四始讀五經發憤忘食下帷專思以夜繼日父恐其得疾常禁止之故能未至弱冠學五經悉載於口博覽傳記言則成章操翰成文矣此時靈帝之末年也國典隳廢冠族子弟結黨權門交援求名兢相尚爵號君病俗迷昏遂閉戶自守不與之群以六籍娛心而已君子之達也學無常師有一業勝己者便從學焉必盡其所知而後釋之有一言之美不令遇耳必心識之志在總眾言之長統道德之微恥一物之不知愧一藝之不克故日夜亹亹昃不暇食夕不解衣晝則研精經緯夜則歷觀列宿考混元於未形補聖德之空缺誕長慮於無窮旌微言之將墜何暇讙小學治浮名與俗士相彌縫哉故浮淺寘識之人適解驅使榮利豈知大道之根然其餘以疏略為太簡魯無憂樂徒以為習書之儒不足為上欣之者眾辨之者寡故令君州閭之稱不早彰徹然秉正獨立志有所存俗之譭譽有如浮雲若有覺而還反者則以道進之忘其前之謗己也其犯而不校下學而上達皆此之類也於時董卓作亂幼主西遷奸雄滿野天下無主聖人之道息邪偽之事興營利之士淂譽守貞之賢不彰故令君譽聞不振於華夏玉帛安車不至於門考其德行文藝實帝王之佐也道之不行豈不惜哉君避地海表自歸舊都州郡牧守禮命踧踖連武欲致之君以為縱橫之世乃先聖之所厄困也豈況吾徒哉有譏孟軻不度其量擬聖行道傳食諸侯深美顏淵荀卿之行故絕跡山谷幽居研幾用思深妙以發疾疚伏延年會上公撥亂正路始闢遂力疾應命從戍徵行歷載五六疾稍沉篤不堪王事潛身窮巷頤志保真淡泊無為惟存正道環堵之牆以庇妻子並日而食不以為戚養浩然之氣習羨門之術時人或有聞其如此而觀之或有頗識其真而從之者君無不容而見之厲以聲色度其情志倡其言論知可以道長者則微而誘之令益者不自覺而大化陰行其所匡濟亦已多矣君之交也則不以其短各取其長而善之取故少顯盡己之交亦無孜孜和愛之好統聖人中和之業蹈賢哲守度之行淵默難測誠寶偉之器也君之性常欲損世之有餘益俗之不足見辭人美麗之文並時而作曾無闡弘大義敷散道教上求聖人之中下救流俗之昏者故廢詩賦頌銘贊之文著中論之書二十萹其所甄紀邁君昔志蓋百之一也文義未究年四十八建安二十三年春二月遭厲疾大命殞頹豈不痛哉餘數侍坐觀君之言常怖篤意自勉而心自薄也何則自顧才志不如之遠矣耳然宗之仰之以為師表自君之亡有子貢山樑之行故追述其事舉其顯露易知之數沉冥幽微深奧廣遠者遺之精通君子將自贊明之也"]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-28","title":"曾鞏序","paragraphs":["臣始見館閣及世所有徐幹中論二十萹以謂盡於此及觀貞觀政要怪太宗稱嘗見幹中論復三年喪萹而今書此篇闕因考之魏志見文帝稱幹著中論二十餘萹於是知館閣及世所有幹中論二十篇者非全書也幹字偉長北海人生於漢魏之間魏文帝稱幹懷文抱質恬澹寡慾有箕山之志而先賢行狀亦稱幹篤行體道不耽世榮魏太祖特旌命之辭疾不就後以為上艾長又以疾不行蓋漢承周衰及秦滅學之餘百氏雜家與聖人之道並傳學者罕能獨觀於道德之要而不牽於俗儒之說至於治心養性去就語默之際能不悖於理者固希矣況至於魏之濁世哉幹獨能考六藝推仲尼孟軻之旨述而論之求其辭時若有小失者要其歸不合於道者少矣其所淂於內者又能信而充之逡巡濁世有去就顯晦之大節臣始讀其書察其意而賢之因其書以求其為人又知其行之可賢也惜其有補於世而識之者少蓋跡其言行之所至而以世俗之好惡觀之彼惡足以知其意哉顧臣之力豈足以重其書使學者尊而信之因校其脫繆而序其大略蓋所以致臣之意雲編校書籍臣曾鞏上"]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-29","title":"刻徐幹中論序","paragraphs":["宋南豐曾氏起於五代絕學之後程學未顯之前文章本原六經世稱江漢星斗矣編校館閣群書取中論二十萹序而傳之何哉漢自桓靈以後奸雄濁亂海內俗儒騖於曲說黨權營利求其究觀道玅而不汙於世者蓋寡矣偉長獨能恬淡體道不耽榮祿逡巡濁世而玄就顯晦之節皭然不汙曾氏論其書而論其世彼有取爾也餘刪訂青志繡梓竣事兵憲懷庭秦公謂曰青郡文獻名天下藝文不下百數十種未能盡傳若管子書晏子春秋仲尼之徒羞稱焉文心雕龍葩藻勝矣徐幹中論辭義典雅足傳於後曾子固所取也盍壽諸梓以廣其傳餘曰唯唯識之而刻於郡之資深堂","嘉靖乙丑冬青州府知府四明杜思書"]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-30","title":"中論卷之上","paragraphs":["漢　北海徐幹著","明　新安程榮校"]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-31","title":"治學第一","paragraphs":["昔之君子成德立行身沒而名不朽其故何哉學也學也者所以疏神達思怡情理性聖人之上務也民之初載其蒙未知譬如寶在於玄室有所求而不見白日照焉則群物斯辯矣學者心之白日也故先王立教官掌教國子教以六德曰智仁聖義中和教以六行曰孝友睦姻任恤教以六藝曰禮樂射御書數三教備而人道畢矣學猶也器不則無以為美觀人不學則無以有懿德有懿德故可以經人倫為美觀故可以供神明故書曰若作梓材既勤樸斲惟其塗丹癯夫聽黃鐘之聲然後知擊缶之細視袞龍之文然後知被褐之陋涉庠序之教然後知不學之困故學者如登山焉動而益高如寤寐焉久而愈足顧所由來則杳然其遠以其難而懈之誤且非矣詩云高山仰止景行行止好學之謂也倦立而思遠不如速行之必至也矯首而飛不如循雌之必獲也孤居而願智不如務學之必達也故君子心不苟願必以求學身不苟動必以從師言不苟出必以博聞是以情性合人而德音相繼也孔子曰弗學何以行弗忠何以得小子勉之斯可謂師人矣馬雖有逸足而不閒輿則不為良駿人雖有美質而不習道則不為君子故學者求習道也若有似乎畫釆玄黃之色既著而純皓之體斯亡敝而不渝孰知其素歟子夏曰日習則學不忘自勉則身不墮亟聞天下之大言則志益廣故君子之於學也其不懈猶上天之動猶日月之行終身亹亹沒而後已故雖有其才而無其志亦不能興其功也志者學之師也才者學之徒也學者不患才之不"]}]}],"toc":[{"id":"chapter-1-section-1","chapter_title":"中論","section_title":"正文","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-2","chapter_title":"中論","section_title":"徐幹中論序","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-3","chapter_title":"中論","section_title":"曾鞏序","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-4","chapter_title":"中論","section_title":"刻徐幹中論序","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-5","chapter_title":"中論","section_title":"捲上","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-6","chapter_title":"中論","section_title":"治學第一","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-7","chapter_title":"中論","section_title":"法象第二","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-8","chapter_title":"中論","section_title":"修本第三","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-9","chapter_title":"中論","section_title":"虛道第四","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-10","chapter_title":"中論","section_title":"貴驗第五","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-11","chapter_title":"中論","section_title":"貴言第六","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-12","chapter_title":"中論","section_title":"藝紀第七","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-13","chapter_title":"中論","section_title":"核辯第八","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-14","chapter_title":"中論","section_title":"智行第九","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-15","chapter_title":"中論","section_title":"爵祿第十","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-16","chapter_title":"中論","section_title":"卷下","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-17","chapter_title":"中論","section_title":"考偽第十一","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-18","chapter_title":"中論","section_title":"譴交第十二","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-19","chapter_title":"中論","section_title":"歷數第十三","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-20","chapter_title":"中論","section_title":"論夭壽第十四","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-21","chapter_title":"中論","section_title":"務本第十五","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-22","chapter_title":"中論","section_title":"審大臣第十六","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-23","chapter_title":"中論","section_title":"慎所從第十七","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-24","chapter_title":"中論","section_title":"亡國第十八","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-25","chapter_title":"中論","section_title":"賞罰第十九","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-26","chapter_title":"中論","section_title":"民數第二十","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-27","chapter_title":"中論","section_title":"徐幹中論序","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-28","chapter_title":"中論","section_title":"曾鞏序","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-29","chapter_title":"中論","section_title":"刻徐幹中論序","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-30","chapter_title":"中論","section_title":"中論卷之上","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-31","chapter_title":"中論","section_title":"治學第一","is_available":true}],"plain_text":"# 中論\n序言、弁言\n## 徐幹中論序\n## 曾鞏序\n## 刻徐幹中論序\n## 捲上\n## 治學第一\n## 法象第二\n## 修本第三\n## 虛道第四\n## 貴驗第五\n## 貴言第六\n## 藝紀第七\n## 核辯第八\n## 智行第九\n## 爵祿第十\n## 卷下\n## 考偽第十一\n## 譴交第十二\n## 歷數第十三\n## 論夭壽第十四\n## 務本第十五\n## 審大臣第十六\n## 慎所從第十七\n## 亡國第十八\n## 賞罰第十九\n## 民數第二十\n後記\n序言、弁言\n## 徐幹中論序\n予以荀卿子孟軻懷亞聖之才著一家之法繼明聖人之業皆以姓名自書猶至於今厥字不傳原思其故皆由戰國之世樂賢者寡同時之人不早記錄豈況徐子中論之書不以姓名為目乎恐歷久遠名或不傳故不量其才喟然感嘆先目其德以發其姓名述其雅好不刊之行屬之萹首以為之序其辭曰世有雅達君子者姓徐名幹字偉長北海劇人也其先業以清亮臧否為家世濟其美不隕其德至君之身十世矣君含元休清明之氣持造化英哲之性放口而言則樂誦九德之文通耳而識則教不再告未志乎學蓋已誦文數十萬言矣年十四始讀五經發憤忘食下帷專思以夜繼日父恐其得疾常禁止之故能未至弱冠學五經悉載於口博覽傳記言則成章操翰成文矣此時靈帝之末年也國典隳廢冠族子弟結黨權門交援求名兢相尚爵號君病俗迷昏遂閉戶自守不與之群以六籍娛心而已君子之達也學無常師有一業勝己者便從學焉必盡其所知而後釋之有一言之美不令遇耳必心識之志在總眾言之長統道德之微恥一物之不知愧一藝之不克故日夜亹亹昃不暇食夕不解衣晝則研精經緯夜則歷觀列宿考混元於未形補聖德之空缺誕長慮於無窮旌微言之將墜何暇讙小學治浮名與俗士相彌縫哉故浮淺寘識之人適解驅使榮利豈知大道之根然其餘以疏略為太簡魯無憂樂徒以為習書之儒不足為上欣之者眾辨之者寡故令君州閭之稱不早彰徹然秉正獨立志有所存俗之譭譽有如浮雲若有覺而還反者則以道進之忘其前之謗己也其犯而不校下學而上達皆此之類也於時董卓作亂幼主西遷奸雄滿野天下無主聖人之道息邪偽之事興營利之士淂譽守貞之賢不彰故令君譽聞不振於華夏玉帛安車不至於門考其德行文藝實帝王之佐也道之不行豈不惜哉君避地海表自歸舊都州郡牧守禮命踧踖連武欲致之君以為縱橫之世乃先聖之所厄困也豈況吾徒哉有譏孟軻不度其量擬聖行道傳食諸侯深美顏淵荀卿之行故絕跡山谷幽居研幾用思深妙以發疾疚伏延年會上公撥亂正路始闢遂力疾應命從戍徵行歷載五六疾稍沉篤不堪王事潛身窮巷頤志保真淡泊無為惟存正道環堵之牆以庇妻子並日而食不以為戚養浩然之氣習羨門之術時人或有聞其如此而觀之或有頗識其真而從之者君無不容而見之厲以聲色度其情志倡其言論知可以道長者則微而誘之令益者不自覺而大化陰行其所匡濟亦已多矣君之交也則不以其短各取其長而善之取故少顯盡己之交亦無孜孜和愛之好統聖人中和之業蹈賢哲守度之行淵默難測誠寶偉之器也君之性常欲損世之有餘益俗之不足見辭人美麗之文並時而作曾無闡弘大義敷散道教上求聖人之中下救流俗之昏者故廢詩賦頌銘贊之文著中論之書二十萹其所甄紀邁君昔志蓋百之一也文義未究年四十八建安二十三年春二月遭厲疾大命殞頹豈不痛哉餘數侍坐觀君之言常怖篤意自勉而心自薄也何則自顧才志不如之遠矣耳然宗之仰之以為師表自君之亡有子貢山樑之行故追述其事舉其顯露易知之數沉冥幽微深奧廣遠者遺之精通君子將自贊明之也\n## 曾鞏序\n臣始見館閣及世所有徐幹中論二十萹以謂盡於此及觀貞觀政要怪太宗稱嘗見幹中論復三年喪萹而今書此篇闕因考之魏志見文帝稱幹著中論二十餘萹於是知館閣及世所有幹中論二十篇者非全書也幹字偉長北海人生於漢魏之間魏文帝稱幹懷文抱質恬澹寡慾有箕山之志而先賢行狀亦稱幹篤行體道不耽世榮魏太祖特旌命之辭疾不就後以為上艾長又以疾不行蓋漢承周衰及秦滅學之餘百氏雜家與聖人之道並傳學者罕能獨觀於道德之要而不牽於俗儒之說至於治心養性去就語默之際能不悖於理者固希矣況至於魏之濁世哉幹獨能考六藝推仲尼孟軻之旨述而論之求其辭時若有小失者要其歸不合於道者少矣其所淂於內者又能信而充之逡巡濁世有去就顯晦之大節臣始讀其書察其意而賢之因其書以求其為人又知其行之可賢也惜其有補於世而識之者少蓋跡其言行之所至而以世俗之好惡觀之彼惡足以知其意哉顧臣之力豈足以重其書使學者尊而信之因校其脫繆而序其大略蓋所以致臣之意雲編校書籍臣曾鞏上\n## 刻徐幹中論序\n宋南豐曾氏起於五代絕學之後程學未顯之前文章本原六經世稱江漢星斗矣編校館閣群書取中論二十萹序而傳之何哉漢自桓靈以後奸雄濁亂海內俗儒騖於曲說黨權營利求其究觀道玅而不汙於世者蓋寡矣偉長獨能恬淡體道不耽榮祿逡巡濁世而玄就顯晦之節皭然不汙曾氏論其書而論其世彼有取爾也餘刪訂青志繡梓竣事兵憲懷庭秦公謂曰青郡文獻名天下藝文不下百數十種未能盡傳若管子書晏子春秋仲尼之徒羞稱焉文心雕龍葩藻勝矣徐幹中論辭義典雅足傳於後曾子固所取也盍壽諸梓以廣其傳餘曰唯唯識之而刻於郡之資深堂\n嘉靖乙丑冬青州府知府四明杜思書\n## 中論卷之上\n漢　北海徐幹著\n明　新安程榮校\n## 治學第一\n昔之君子成德立行身沒而名不朽其故何哉學也學也者所以疏神達思怡情理性聖人之上務也民之初載其蒙未知譬如寶在於玄室有所求而不見白日照焉則群物斯辯矣學者心之白日也故先王立教官掌教國子教以六德曰智仁聖義中和教以六行曰孝友睦姻任恤教以六藝曰禮樂射御書數三教備而人道畢矣學猶也器不則無以為美觀人不學則無以有懿德有懿德故可以經人倫為美觀故可以供神明故書曰若作梓材既勤樸斲惟其塗丹癯夫聽黃鐘之聲然後知擊缶之細視袞龍之文然後知被褐之陋涉庠序之教然後知不學之困故學者如登山焉動而益高如寤寐焉久而愈足顧所由來則杳然其遠以其難而懈之誤且非矣詩云高山仰止景行行止好學之謂也倦立而思遠不如速行之必至也矯首而飛不如循雌之必獲也孤居而願智不如務學之必達也故君子心不苟願必以求學身不苟動必以從師言不苟出必以博聞是以情性合人而德音相繼也孔子曰弗學何以行弗忠何以得小子勉之斯可謂師人矣馬雖有逸足而不閒輿則不為良駿人雖有美質而不習道則不為君子故學者求習道也若有似乎畫釆玄黃之色既著而純皓之體斯亡敝而不渝孰知其素歟子夏曰日習則學不忘自勉則身不墮亟聞天下之大言則志益廣故君子之於學也其不懈猶上天之動猶日月之行終身亹亹沒而後已故雖有其才而無其志亦不能興其功也志者學之師也才者學之徒也學者不患才之不","is_preview":true,"preview_page_limit":10}