{"resource_id":1751,"title":"毛诗多识","format":"md","encoding":"utf-8","chapters":[{"id":"chapter-1","title":"毛詩多識　　（清）多隆阿 著","sections":[{"id":"chapter-1-section-1","title":"●目錄","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-2","title":"自序","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-3","title":"劉序","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-4","title":"卷一","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-5","title":"卷二","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-6","title":"卷三","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-7","title":"卷四","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-8","title":"卷五","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-9","title":"卷六","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-10","title":"卷七","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-11","title":"卷八","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-12","title":"卷九","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-13","title":"卷十","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-14","title":"卷十一","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-15","title":"卷十二","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-16","title":"跋","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-17","title":"●自序","paragraphs":["昔夫子教人學詩則在興觀群怨與事父事君之大而鳥獸草木之名其餘緒也惟為餘緒故後之學者往往略見大意直有學究性命之奧而於目前之物猶多承沿舊誤不能辨正者或據此說以攻彼據彼說以攻此彼此聚訟雖極之連編累牘不能明者又有注家於鳥則曰鳥名於獸則曰獸名於草木則曰草木名不詳其為何鳥何獸何草何木致令讀者開卷茫然無所適從則尤摸稜之甚焉夫夫子於鳥獸草木之名而教之曰識亦欲人識其形色兼識其性情也使不於其形色性情求之僅知其為鳥名獸名草名木名即可曰識則凡讀詩者皆能識矣又何須向小子諄諄勖之哉蓋詩中比興類非無意不識其物幾莫知其比興之由如鵻取其孝鴒取其悌麒麟取其仁騶虞取其義螽取其子之多雉取其性之介取雄狐以喻淫取碩鼠以喻貪萱草忘憂貝母療鬱蕳香荍豔荼苦棠甘蓼莪之梗為蒿芄蘭之葉象觿卷耳是常思棘心最難養諸如此類頗難列舉儻不詳加考察則不識物形其弊猶淺不識物性其弊滋深也況詩中用物原屬觸景興懷並非搜諸海澨山陬之外彼重常畢方驢鼠角端物之不常有者博物之士猶能識之若為目前恆見之物旦旦遇之而不能實指其名此雖無關學問之大然亦不可謂非考據之疏矣竊思考據之學原貴多聞而尤貴多見居近山川原隰之間羽毛動植之物日與耳目相習留心察之悉得梗槩其或如鵑不來北橘不踰淮為疆域所限者則為備載先儒之說不加論斷以俟後賢折衷其確有可據者則為詳細釋之著其古號雜以諺名庶閱者可以因端而竟委即流以尋源而於名物之學亦小有補後漢馬伏波將軍鑄銅馬式曰傳聞不如親見視影不如察形相馬宜然而察物尤宜然雖一人之見不無偏執而留此瑕纇以備指摘有言此編之非者其是即不待辨而明則其有裨經學較之是餘者為益大也餘自童年讀詩亦祇隨俗立解間有會心亦多騎牆鮮有依據迨至壯歲得讀漢唐註疏參以師友講論偶得義理則用片楮記之積之既多恐有散失因錄成卷帙名曰多識以此卷所載皆為鳥獸草木之名遵夫子教小子之語故以多識名之或曰凡詩中所有鳥獸草木釋者不啻十之七八所識者不可謂不多也或又曰此多氏之所識者多隆阿序","毛詩多識十二卷此為十數年前讀漢唐註疏之所著也草甫畢即繕寫成帙寄於同年周華甫先生處求訂正其後先生歿而此本遂失辛亥春餘自燕晉遊歸日長多暇偶閱舊書見原草尚存因重加刪潤益以數年聞見參互考證之其有始是終非者亦有始非終是者又有始是繼非而終以為是者又有始非繼是而終以為非者陶靖節先生歸去來辭雲覺今是而昨非則餘之改正斯編焉知其不昨非而今是也夫考察庶物其是非亦至難定矣欲定庶物之是非宜擴一己之聞見而多聞又不如多見天下之大疆域之廣餘之所遊未及萬分之一則所見者有幾試以關左一隅計之東西二千餘里南北三千餘里而所至之地所見之物已不能畫一其為詩中所有者如同一螽也則有草螽阜螽之異同一桃也則有夏桃冬桃之異同一藻也則有馬藻牛藻之異同一棠也則有赤棠白棠之異有同一梅而甘梅酸梅則異有同一薺而大薺小薺則異有同一桑而家桑野桑則異有同一萱而園萱山萱則異蒲有不同者則以香蒲臭蒲為異麻有不同者則以雄麻雌麻為異荷有不同者則以白荷赤荷為異榆有不同者則以刺榆枌榆為異稻有早稻晚稻水稻陸稻是稻有異蒿有蘩蒿蔞蒿艾蒿莪蒿是蒿有異又有萊之異為青葉赤葉蓷之異為赤華白華匏之異為長項大腹瓜之異為凹稜凸臍虎豹之獸異其文楊柳之木異其性芍藥之花異有五色鳩鳥之屬異有五名於一隅而見其異焉知其不易地而又異於一隅而見為非焉知其不易地而見為是然則此編於庶物是之非之者未必不為鶡雀之誤黃霸蟛蜞之病蔡謨也豈敢自謂有定見也先懦詩注今所見者莫古於毛傳鄭箋次之孔疏又次之鄭氏為傳作箋則已不能盡是夫傳孔疏亦或非箋可知古人注經不肯隨聲附和要之惟求一是而此編之所是非者於先儒之說不必盡同要期不戾於經語近繁蕪則惟恐其不詳名雜俚俗則惟恐其不實於陸璣草木疏嘗病其簡略於蔡卞名物解嘗病其蹈空不欲踵前人簡略蹈空之病所以致有繁蕪俚俗之病也昔者吉水李氏雲學易不言易象學禮不核禮器書不解禹貢山川詩不詳草木鳥獸皆非實學餘豈有實學者哉如以此編為實學餘敬謝之歲次重光大淵獻相月望前三日慧珠閣後學雯溪氏再序"]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-18","title":"●劉序","paragraphs":["詩三百篇蓋皆感物造端寓詞託諷大都比興為多其所舉鳥獸蟲魚草木之名夥矣然古今異時鄉土殊產徒執今時所目驗與夫方俗之稱名以求當於風雅頌之所詠有以知其齟齬而不能合也經生所恃以考證者毛鄭而外惟爾雅釋草等七篇次則陸璣詩疏揚雄方言許叔重說文及諸家本草註釋而已然其說往往互異各信所見不能相通曹風下泉苞稂毛雲童粱鄭稂作涼雲涼草小雅鹿鳴食野之苹毛雲蘋蓱也鄭以為藾蕭傳箋已不同如此他如衛風碩人鱣鮪發發毛雲鱣鯉也郭璞注雅分鱣鯉為二以毛為誤王風大車毳衣如菼毛雲菼鵻也蘆之初生也爾雅葭蘆菼薍孫炎郭璞以蘆薍為二與毛異豳風七月鳴鵙張華許慎以鵙為似鸜鵒王逸以為巧婦揚雄以為盍旦郭注爾雅以為似鶷■〈葛鳥〉而大不同如此其誰使正之夫治經之法名物與訓詁並宜兼明訓詁之學自顧江戴段而後遞有纂述鹹以毛詩為言韻之祖諸經中名物尤以毛詩為淵藪顧各家異同錯出靡所折衷非如古韻之變遷可取證於詩騷及漢魏六朝諸有韻之文也國朝經師治毛詩訓詁而外亦多及名物其專門成書者如黃岡陳大章詩傳名物集覽無錫顧棟高毛詩類釋亦稱翔核然集覽拘守紫陽集傳閡而鮮通類釋多稱舉前人陳說不能自名一家惟錢塘姚炳詩釋名解能推尋比興之意有益經義瀋陽楊子勤太守示予毛詩多識一編系長白多隆阿所著為盛伯熙祭酒家藏本其該洽同於姚著但姚著分列門類此則悉依本經次第又姚著獨遺蟲魚此則兼釋為異耳編中有程少珊侍講棫林按語侍講為伯熙祭酒門下士或亦祭酒屬其校訂未可知也夫詩人鬱其憂思感憤之懷往往探草木鳥獸蟲魚之狀類興於怨刺以寫其難言之隱使不得其形色性味則比興之意不見此書不徒為多識之助抑亦使人因比興而得詩人之情千載而下誦其詩猶若有芳臭氣澤之留貽其為益豈尠也哉此餘所以謂訓詁名物宜兼明者也多姓舒穆祿氏字文希檢閱道光乙酉同年齒錄知為是科拔貢抑名氏偶同疑莫能明要其為嘉道間經學名家則無疑也書分上下兩卷止於曹風疑非完書校錄至此益增匪風下泉之思焉乙丑中秋節吳興劉承幹"]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-19","title":"●毛詩多識卷一","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-20","title":"長白多隆阿著","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-21","title":"周南","paragraphs":[]},{"id":"chapter-1-section-22","title":"◆周南◆","paragraphs":["關關雎鳩在河之洲"]}]}],"toc":[{"id":"chapter-1-section-1","chapter_title":"毛詩多識　　（清）多隆阿 著","section_title":"●目錄","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-2","chapter_title":"毛詩多識　　（清）多隆阿 著","section_title":"自序","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-3","chapter_title":"毛詩多識　　（清）多隆阿 著","section_title":"劉序","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-4","chapter_title":"毛詩多識　　（清）多隆阿 著","section_title":"卷一","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-5","chapter_title":"毛詩多識　　（清）多隆阿 著","section_title":"卷二","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-6","chapter_title":"毛詩多識　　（清）多隆阿 著","section_title":"卷三","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-7","chapter_title":"毛詩多識　　（清）多隆阿 著","section_title":"卷四","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-8","chapter_title":"毛詩多識　　（清）多隆阿 著","section_title":"卷五","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-9","chapter_title":"毛詩多識　　（清）多隆阿 著","section_title":"卷六","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-10","chapter_title":"毛詩多識　　（清）多隆阿 著","section_title":"卷七","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-11","chapter_title":"毛詩多識　　（清）多隆阿 著","section_title":"卷八","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-12","chapter_title":"毛詩多識　　（清）多隆阿 著","section_title":"卷九","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-13","chapter_title":"毛詩多識　　（清）多隆阿 著","section_title":"卷十","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-14","chapter_title":"毛詩多識　　（清）多隆阿 著","section_title":"卷十一","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-15","chapter_title":"毛詩多識　　（清）多隆阿 著","section_title":"卷十二","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-16","chapter_title":"毛詩多識　　（清）多隆阿 著","section_title":"跋","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-17","chapter_title":"毛詩多識　　（清）多隆阿 著","section_title":"●自序","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-18","chapter_title":"毛詩多識　　（清）多隆阿 著","section_title":"●劉序","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-19","chapter_title":"毛詩多識　　（清）多隆阿 著","section_title":"●毛詩多識卷一","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-20","chapter_title":"毛詩多識　　（清）多隆阿 著","section_title":"長白多隆阿著","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-21","chapter_title":"毛詩多識　　（清）多隆阿 著","section_title":"周南","is_available":true},{"id":"chapter-1-section-22","chapter_title":"毛詩多識　　（清）多隆阿 著","section_title":"◆周南◆","is_available":true}],"plain_text":"# 毛詩多識　　（清）多隆阿 著\n## ●目錄\n## 自序\n## 劉序\n## 卷一\n## 卷二\n## 卷三\n## 卷四\n## 卷五\n## 卷六\n## 卷七\n## 卷八\n## 卷九\n## 卷十\n## 卷十一\n## 卷十二\n## 跋\n## ●自序\n昔夫子教人學詩則在興觀群怨與事父事君之大而鳥獸草木之名其餘緒也惟為餘緒故後之學者往往略見大意直有學究性命之奧而於目前之物猶多承沿舊誤不能辨正者或據此說以攻彼據彼說以攻此彼此聚訟雖極之連編累牘不能明者又有注家於鳥則曰鳥名於獸則曰獸名於草木則曰草木名不詳其為何鳥何獸何草何木致令讀者開卷茫然無所適從則尤摸稜之甚焉夫夫子於鳥獸草木之名而教之曰識亦欲人識其形色兼識其性情也使不於其形色性情求之僅知其為鳥名獸名草名木名即可曰識則凡讀詩者皆能識矣又何須向小子諄諄勖之哉蓋詩中比興類非無意不識其物幾莫知其比興之由如鵻取其孝鴒取其悌麒麟取其仁騶虞取其義螽取其子之多雉取其性之介取雄狐以喻淫取碩鼠以喻貪萱草忘憂貝母療鬱蕳香荍豔荼苦棠甘蓼莪之梗為蒿芄蘭之葉象觿卷耳是常思棘心最難養諸如此類頗難列舉儻不詳加考察則不識物形其弊猶淺不識物性其弊滋深也況詩中用物原屬觸景興懷並非搜諸海澨山陬之外彼重常畢方驢鼠角端物之不常有者博物之士猶能識之若為目前恆見之物旦旦遇之而不能實指其名此雖無關學問之大然亦不可謂非考據之疏矣竊思考據之學原貴多聞而尤貴多見居近山川原隰之間羽毛動植之物日與耳目相習留心察之悉得梗槩其或如鵑不來北橘不踰淮為疆域所限者則為備載先儒之說不加論斷以俟後賢折衷其確有可據者則為詳細釋之著其古號雜以諺名庶閱者可以因端而竟委即流以尋源而於名物之學亦小有補後漢馬伏波將軍鑄銅馬式曰傳聞不如親見視影不如察形相馬宜然而察物尤宜然雖一人之見不無偏執而留此瑕纇以備指摘有言此編之非者其是即不待辨而明則其有裨經學較之是餘者為益大也餘自童年讀詩亦祇隨俗立解間有會心亦多騎牆鮮有依據迨至壯歲得讀漢唐註疏參以師友講論偶得義理則用片楮記之積之既多恐有散失因錄成卷帙名曰多識以此卷所載皆為鳥獸草木之名遵夫子教小子之語故以多識名之或曰凡詩中所有鳥獸草木釋者不啻十之七八所識者不可謂不多也或又曰此多氏之所識者多隆阿序\n毛詩多識十二卷此為十數年前讀漢唐註疏之所著也草甫畢即繕寫成帙寄於同年周華甫先生處求訂正其後先生歿而此本遂失辛亥春餘自燕晉遊歸日長多暇偶閱舊書見原草尚存因重加刪潤益以數年聞見參互考證之其有始是終非者亦有始非終是者又有始是繼非而終以為是者又有始非繼是而終以為非者陶靖節先生歸去來辭雲覺今是而昨非則餘之改正斯編焉知其不昨非而今是也夫考察庶物其是非亦至難定矣欲定庶物之是非宜擴一己之聞見而多聞又不如多見天下之大疆域之廣餘之所遊未及萬分之一則所見者有幾試以關左一隅計之東西二千餘里南北三千餘里而所至之地所見之物已不能畫一其為詩中所有者如同一螽也則有草螽阜螽之異同一桃也則有夏桃冬桃之異同一藻也則有馬藻牛藻之異同一棠也則有赤棠白棠之異有同一梅而甘梅酸梅則異有同一薺而大薺小薺則異有同一桑而家桑野桑則異有同一萱而園萱山萱則異蒲有不同者則以香蒲臭蒲為異麻有不同者則以雄麻雌麻為異荷有不同者則以白荷赤荷為異榆有不同者則以刺榆枌榆為異稻有早稻晚稻水稻陸稻是稻有異蒿有蘩蒿蔞蒿艾蒿莪蒿是蒿有異又有萊之異為青葉赤葉蓷之異為赤華白華匏之異為長項大腹瓜之異為凹稜凸臍虎豹之獸異其文楊柳之木異其性芍藥之花異有五色鳩鳥之屬異有五名於一隅而見其異焉知其不易地而又異於一隅而見為非焉知其不易地而見為是然則此編於庶物是之非之者未必不為鶡雀之誤黃霸蟛蜞之病蔡謨也豈敢自謂有定見也先懦詩注今所見者莫古於毛傳鄭箋次之孔疏又次之鄭氏為傳作箋則已不能盡是夫傳孔疏亦或非箋可知古人注經不肯隨聲附和要之惟求一是而此編之所是非者於先儒之說不必盡同要期不戾於經語近繁蕪則惟恐其不詳名雜俚俗則惟恐其不實於陸璣草木疏嘗病其簡略於蔡卞名物解嘗病其蹈空不欲踵前人簡略蹈空之病所以致有繁蕪俚俗之病也昔者吉水李氏雲學易不言易象學禮不核禮器書不解禹貢山川詩不詳草木鳥獸皆非實學餘豈有實學者哉如以此編為實學餘敬謝之歲次重光大淵獻相月望前三日慧珠閣後學雯溪氏再序\n## ●劉序\n詩三百篇蓋皆感物造端寓詞託諷大都比興為多其所舉鳥獸蟲魚草木之名夥矣然古今異時鄉土殊產徒執今時所目驗與夫方俗之稱名以求當於風雅頌之所詠有以知其齟齬而不能合也經生所恃以考證者毛鄭而外惟爾雅釋草等七篇次則陸璣詩疏揚雄方言許叔重說文及諸家本草註釋而已然其說往往互異各信所見不能相通曹風下泉苞稂毛雲童粱鄭稂作涼雲涼草小雅鹿鳴食野之苹毛雲蘋蓱也鄭以為藾蕭傳箋已不同如此他如衛風碩人鱣鮪發發毛雲鱣鯉也郭璞注雅分鱣鯉為二以毛為誤王風大車毳衣如菼毛雲菼鵻也蘆之初生也爾雅葭蘆菼薍孫炎郭璞以蘆薍為二與毛異豳風七月鳴鵙張華許慎以鵙為似鸜鵒王逸以為巧婦揚雄以為盍旦郭注爾雅以為似鶷■〈葛鳥〉而大不同如此其誰使正之夫治經之法名物與訓詁並宜兼明訓詁之學自顧江戴段而後遞有纂述鹹以毛詩為言韻之祖諸經中名物尤以毛詩為淵藪顧各家異同錯出靡所折衷非如古韻之變遷可取證於詩騷及漢魏六朝諸有韻之文也國朝經師治毛詩訓詁而外亦多及名物其專門成書者如黃岡陳大章詩傳名物集覽無錫顧棟高毛詩類釋亦稱翔核然集覽拘守紫陽集傳閡而鮮通類釋多稱舉前人陳說不能自名一家惟錢塘姚炳詩釋名解能推尋比興之意有益經義瀋陽楊子勤太守示予毛詩多識一編系長白多隆阿所著為盛伯熙祭酒家藏本其該洽同於姚著但姚著分列門類此則悉依本經次第又姚著獨遺蟲魚此則兼釋為異耳編中有程少珊侍講棫林按語侍講為伯熙祭酒門下士或亦祭酒屬其校訂未可知也夫詩人鬱其憂思感憤之懷往往探草木鳥獸蟲魚之狀類興於怨刺以寫其難言之隱使不得其形色性味則比興之意不見此書不徒為多識之助抑亦使人因比興而得詩人之情千載而下誦其詩猶若有芳臭氣澤之留貽其為益豈尠也哉此餘所以謂訓詁名物宜兼明者也多姓舒穆祿氏字文希檢閱道光乙酉同年齒錄知為是科拔貢抑名氏偶同疑莫能明要其為嘉道間經學名家則無疑也書分上下兩卷止於曹風疑非完書校錄至此益增匪風下泉之思焉乙丑中秋節吳興劉承幹\n## ●毛詩多識卷一\n## 長白多隆阿著\n## 周南\n## ◆周南◆\n關關雎鳩在河之洲","is_preview":true,"preview_page_limit":10}