{"resource_id":15282,"title":"辨症汇编","format":"md","encoding":"utf-8","chapters":[{"id":"chapter-1","title":"辨症彙編","sections":[{"id":"chapter-1-section-1","title":"正文","paragraphs":["辨症彙編","山野居士","四診易知","十二經絡所屬：","手太陰屬肺 手少陰屬心 手厥陰屬包絡","足太陰屬脾 足少陰屬腎 足厥陰屬肝","手太陽屬小腸 手少陽屬三焦 手陽明屬大腸","足太陽屬膀胱 足少陽屬膽 足陽明屬胃","四診易知：","望色：額心 鼻脾 左頰肝 右頰肺 顴腎 面上之部位可察也。","肝青 肺白 心赤 脾黃 腎黑 面上之五色可察也。","部位察其相生相剋。五色察其有神無神。大抵外感不妨滯濁，久病忌呈鮮妍。惟黃色見於面目，既不枯槁，，又不浮澤，為欲愈之候。","望舌色：舌上無胎為在表，鮮紅為火，淡白為寒，（指無胎言）。若有白胎為半表裡。黃胎為在裡。黑胎病入少陰多死。胎潤有液者為寒；胎燥無液者為火。舌上無胎如去油豬腰子為亡液，名鏡面舌，不治，宜與病症相參不可執一。","聞聲：","氣衰言微者為虛。氣盛言厲者為實。語言首尾不相顧者為神昏。狂言怒罵者為實熱。痰聲漉漉者死。新病聞呃者為火逆。久病聞呃者胃絕。大抵語言聲音不異於平時為吉。反者為兇。。","問症：","一問寒熱二問汗，三問頭身四問便，五問飲食六問胸，七聾八咳俱當辨，九問久病十問因。再兼服藥參機變，婦人尤必問經期，遲速閉崩皆可見，再添片語告兒科，天花麻疹全占驗。","切脈：","左寸心小腸 左關肝膽 左尺腎膀胱","右寸肺大腸 右關脾胃 右尺命門三焦。","脈法統論：","何謂無病之脈，一息四至是也。","何謂五藏平脈：心宜洪、肝宜弦、肺宜濇、脾宜緩、腎宜沉。又兼一股沖和之氣乃胃氣也。","何謂四時平脈： 春宜弦、夏宜洪、秋宜濇、冬宜沉，四季之未宜和緩是也。","何謂男女異脈：男為陽宜寸大於尺，女為陰宜尺大於寸是也。婦人有孕之脈尺大而旺，或心脈大而旺也。婦人血崩則脈尺內虛大弦數也。婦人半產則脈革，婦人產期至則脈離乎經常也。若尺脈微弱而濇，小腹冷、身惡寒者，此則知婦人無子也。小兒之脈七至為準也。","持脈秘旨：","脈之為道","一曰浮，浮者輕手著於皮膚之上而即見為表病也。","一曰沉，沉者重手按於肌肉之上而始見為裡病也。","一曰遲，遲者一息脈來二三至或一息一至為裡病也。","一曰數，數者一息脈來五六至或一息七八至為熱病也。","一曰細，細者脈狀細小如線主諸虛之病也。","一曰大，大者脈狀粗大如指主諸實之病也。","一曰短，短者脈來短縮上不及寸下不及尺為素稟之衰也。","一曰長，長者脈來迢長上指魚際下至尺澤為素稟之盛也。","浮而數為表熱，浮而遲為表寒。","沉而數為裡熱，沉而遲為裡寒。","又於表裡寒熱四者中審其為：","細，則屬於虛，大，則屬於實。","又須於表裡寒熱虛實六者之中審其為：","短，知素稟之衰，療病須兼培其基址；","長，知素稟之盛攻邪務絕其根株此憑治病之秘法也。","辨證匯篇卷一","凡陰陽表裡虛實寒熱之辨，為病之根，為治之源，每症中皆有互相也。如：","陰中之陽陽中之陰","表中之裡裡中之表","虛中之實實中之虛","寒中之熱熱中之寒","陽證","陽證三陽病採薪，脈浮大數痛頭身","唇焦煩渴冷須喜，口燥神狂壯熱辛","手足暖溫溺澀短，面容紅赤大便陳","咽乾合以強項等，治法汗和兼下珍","陽症，太陽、陽明、少陽也。初病發熱、頭疼、項強、唇焦、口燥、煩渴、喜冷、面色赤紅、手足暖溫、爪甲紅潤、大便閉、小便赤澀、脈浮洪大數，皆陽症之候。治法宜汗和下也。","陰證","陰病三陰受病稱，惡寒戰慄冷肢冰","體重轉側不趨痛，身倦形疲欲寐徵","脈式濇沉細小看，面色慘黯無光憑","瀉利嘔吐尿清白，藥用補溫兩法乘","陰症，太陰、少陰、厥陰。初病惡寒、戰慄、體重、難轉側、嘔吐、瀉利、小便清、倦臥、欲寐、手足冷、爪甲青、面色慘黯無光、脈沉濇細小，此症之候。治法宜溫補。","表裡證","表病惡寒發熱隨，頭身雙痛脈浮皮","裡因譫語惡潮熱，便硬脈沉有力加","表症發熱、惡寒、頭疼、身痛、脈浮為適症。","裡症不惡寒、反惡熱、潮熱、譫語、煩渴、小便赤澀、大便閉、腹脹滿、脈微沉、滑、有力，為適症。","虛實證","虛乃中空神弱疲，須看臟腑用方施","實當標本有餘辨，標是邪停本滯醫","虛者：陰虛、陽虛、標虛、本虛。","實者：標實是邪住久停也。","裡實內中偏勝。如心有火邪；肺有風寒；脾有食積、蟲痞、溼熱；肝有鬱怒之氣；腎有火邪、寒氣迫於外腎、疝痛。","寒症","厥氣胸中逆積情，腎關於胃胃寒成","外寒斬破腎關裡，非是傷標病客榮","表熱裡熱辨","表熱不休尿白施，麻黃無汗有桂枝","炊蒸裡熱尿紅赤，三承涼膈重輕規","發熱不休尿白為表熱。有汗桂枝湯，無汗麻黃湯。","發熱如炊籠蒸蒸內越於外，尿赤為裡熱。","陽熱陰熱辨","舌乾燥渴煩陽經，苔潤宜清白虎輕","厥冷熱兼清糓利，陰經舌燥白通升","發熱口燥舌幹煩渴者，乃陽經之熱，舌苔潤治法宜清，如白虎解毒之輩。","發熱堅決冷、下利清糓者，乃陰經之熱，舌苔燥治法宜溫。四逆、白通湯之輩。","外感表症，六淫所傷也。","六淫者，風寒暑溼燥火之六氣也。迫人肌膚則生病。","傷風","風本陽氣衛先傷，口渴心煩肌熱荒","浮脈惡風頭上痛，藥宜解表最為良","傷寒","寒為冷氣先傷營，身冷惡寒脈緊成","口喜熱湯肢帶滯，藥兼溫散兩相併","傷暑","暑傷溺赤渴神昏，榮病汗多肺喘煩","靜得貪涼寒熱病，倦焚面垢動為根","暑症，口渴、心煩、溺赤、身熱、脈洪而虛、暑挾溼並行、舌苔必白，為適症。","從皮膚入擾榮則汗出","從鼻入迫肺則煩喘","從口入胃則嘔吐","先夏至為病瘟，後夏至為病暑。","因冒赤日走長途，六一散、白虎湯。","因貪涼避熱於高廈涼室香薷飲 。","傷溼","溼由潰爛氣蒸成，中覺沉重滯衛榮","骨肉痠麻多不利，萎筋熱腫並相生","傷燥","燥乃久晴多屬秋，鼻咽口舌燥無休","大便閉結不宜熱，方用清涼勿誤投","傷火","熱氣蒸成火病陽，心身狂熱棄衣裳","大便閉結小便赤，治法疏通藥用涼","內傷者，裡症有氣、血、痰、鬱四字之別 。","氣","氣根屬腎肺鼻通，或因傷本或標攻","諸症百病難枝舉，數字規模變化工","血","心為生血統司脾，居住肝經血海持","吐衄與便諸血證，內傷外感辨相宜","痰","痰病中央失運樞，糓津不布變痰趨","須當標本相因症，治法神機勿忘銖","鬱","鬱乃久停一發因，七情內屈引當伸","六淫外迫何經病，藥應疏通辨久新","太陽（小腸、心，膀胱、腎相表裡）","太陽經證惡寒量，發熱頭痛連項強","實邪無汗(脈)浮緊象，惡風自汗（脈）緩虛傷","（實邪方用麻黃湯，虛邪方用桂枝湯）","太陽府證躁煩（不眠，脈）浮，（口渴）飲嘔（吐）溺無蓄水（症）愁","小腹滿鞭尿自利，如狂蓄血脈沉求","（蓄水症方用五苓散，蓄血癥方用桃仁承氣湯）","陽明（大腸、肺，胃、脾相表裡）","陽明經症鼻中"]}]}],"toc":[{"id":"chapter-1-section-1","chapter_title":"辨症彙編","section_title":"正文","is_available":true}],"plain_text":"# 辨症彙編\n辨症彙編\n山野居士\n四診易知\n十二經絡所屬：\n手太陰屬肺 手少陰屬心 手厥陰屬包絡\n足太陰屬脾 足少陰屬腎 足厥陰屬肝\n手太陽屬小腸 手少陽屬三焦 手陽明屬大腸\n足太陽屬膀胱 足少陽屬膽 足陽明屬胃\n四診易知：\n望色：額心 鼻脾 左頰肝 右頰肺 顴腎 面上之部位可察也。\n肝青 肺白 心赤 脾黃 腎黑 面上之五色可察也。\n部位察其相生相剋。五色察其有神無神。大抵外感不妨滯濁，久病忌呈鮮妍。惟黃色見於面目，既不枯槁，，又不浮澤，為欲愈之候。\n望舌色：舌上無胎為在表，鮮紅為火，淡白為寒，（指無胎言）。若有白胎為半表裡。黃胎為在裡。黑胎病入少陰多死。胎潤有液者為寒；胎燥無液者為火。舌上無胎如去油豬腰子為亡液，名鏡面舌，不治，宜與病症相參不可執一。\n聞聲：\n氣衰言微者為虛。氣盛言厲者為實。語言首尾不相顧者為神昏。狂言怒罵者為實熱。痰聲漉漉者死。新病聞呃者為火逆。久病聞呃者胃絕。大抵語言聲音不異於平時為吉。反者為兇。。\n問症：\n一問寒熱二問汗，三問頭身四問便，五問飲食六問胸，七聾八咳俱當辨，九問久病十問因。再兼服藥參機變，婦人尤必問經期，遲速閉崩皆可見，再添片語告兒科，天花麻疹全占驗。\n切脈：\n左寸心小腸 左關肝膽 左尺腎膀胱\n右寸肺大腸 右關脾胃 右尺命門三焦。\n脈法統論：\n何謂無病之脈，一息四至是也。\n何謂五藏平脈：心宜洪、肝宜弦、肺宜濇、脾宜緩、腎宜沉。又兼一股沖和之氣乃胃氣也。\n何謂四時平脈： 春宜弦、夏宜洪、秋宜濇、冬宜沉，四季之未宜和緩是也。\n何謂男女異脈：男為陽宜寸大於尺，女為陰宜尺大於寸是也。婦人有孕之脈尺大而旺，或心脈大而旺也。婦人血崩則脈尺內虛大弦數也。婦人半產則脈革，婦人產期至則脈離乎經常也。若尺脈微弱而濇，小腹冷、身惡寒者，此則知婦人無子也。小兒之脈七至為準也。\n持脈秘旨：\n脈之為道\n一曰浮，浮者輕手著於皮膚之上而即見為表病也。\n一曰沉，沉者重手按於肌肉之上而始見為裡病也。\n一曰遲，遲者一息脈來二三至或一息一至為裡病也。\n一曰數，數者一息脈來五六至或一息七八至為熱病也。\n一曰細，細者脈狀細小如線主諸虛之病也。\n一曰大，大者脈狀粗大如指主諸實之病也。\n一曰短，短者脈來短縮上不及寸下不及尺為素稟之衰也。\n一曰長，長者脈來迢長上指魚際下至尺澤為素稟之盛也。\n浮而數為表熱，浮而遲為表寒。\n沉而數為裡熱，沉而遲為裡寒。\n又於表裡寒熱四者中審其為：\n細，則屬於虛，大，則屬於實。\n又須於表裡寒熱虛實六者之中審其為：\n短，知素稟之衰，療病須兼培其基址；\n長，知素稟之盛攻邪務絕其根株此憑治病之秘法也。\n辨證匯篇卷一\n凡陰陽表裡虛實寒熱之辨，為病之根，為治之源，每症中皆有互相也。如：\n陰中之陽陽中之陰\n表中之裡裡中之表\n虛中之實實中之虛\n寒中之熱熱中之寒\n陽證\n陽證三陽病採薪，脈浮大數痛頭身\n唇焦煩渴冷須喜，口燥神狂壯熱辛\n手足暖溫溺澀短，面容紅赤大便陳\n咽乾合以強項等，治法汗和兼下珍\n陽症，太陽、陽明、少陽也。初病發熱、頭疼、項強、唇焦、口燥、煩渴、喜冷、面色赤紅、手足暖溫、爪甲紅潤、大便閉、小便赤澀、脈浮洪大數，皆陽症之候。治法宜汗和下也。\n陰證\n陰病三陰受病稱，惡寒戰慄冷肢冰\n體重轉側不趨痛，身倦形疲欲寐徵\n脈式濇沉細小看，面色慘黯無光憑\n瀉利嘔吐尿清白，藥用補溫兩法乘\n陰症，太陰、少陰、厥陰。初病惡寒、戰慄、體重、難轉側、嘔吐、瀉利、小便清、倦臥、欲寐、手足冷、爪甲青、面色慘黯無光、脈沉濇細小，此症之候。治法宜溫補。\n表裡證\n表病惡寒發熱隨，頭身雙痛脈浮皮\n裡因譫語惡潮熱，便硬脈沉有力加\n表症發熱、惡寒、頭疼、身痛、脈浮為適症。\n裡症不惡寒、反惡熱、潮熱、譫語、煩渴、小便赤澀、大便閉、腹脹滿、脈微沉、滑、有力，為適症。\n虛實證\n虛乃中空神弱疲，須看臟腑用方施\n實當標本有餘辨，標是邪停本滯醫\n虛者：陰虛、陽虛、標虛、本虛。\n實者：標實是邪住久停也。\n裡實內中偏勝。如心有火邪；肺有風寒；脾有食積、蟲痞、溼熱；肝有鬱怒之氣；腎有火邪、寒氣迫於外腎、疝痛。\n寒症\n厥氣胸中逆積情，腎關於胃胃寒成\n外寒斬破腎關裡，非是傷標病客榮\n表熱裡熱辨\n表熱不休尿白施，麻黃無汗有桂枝\n炊蒸裡熱尿紅赤，三承涼膈重輕規\n發熱不休尿白為表熱。有汗桂枝湯，無汗麻黃湯。\n發熱如炊籠蒸蒸內越於外，尿赤為裡熱。\n陽熱陰熱辨\n舌乾燥渴煩陽經，苔潤宜清白虎輕\n厥冷熱兼清糓利，陰經舌燥白通升\n發熱口燥舌幹煩渴者，乃陽經之熱，舌苔潤治法宜清，如白虎解毒之輩。\n發熱堅決冷、下利清糓者，乃陰經之熱，舌苔燥治法宜溫。四逆、白通湯之輩。\n外感表症，六淫所傷也。\n六淫者，風寒暑溼燥火之六氣也。迫人肌膚則生病。\n傷風\n風本陽氣衛先傷，口渴心煩肌熱荒\n浮脈惡風頭上痛，藥宜解表最為良\n傷寒\n寒為冷氣先傷營，身冷惡寒脈緊成\n口喜熱湯肢帶滯，藥兼溫散兩相併\n傷暑\n暑傷溺赤渴神昏，榮病汗多肺喘煩\n靜得貪涼寒熱病，倦焚面垢動為根\n暑症，口渴、心煩、溺赤、身熱、脈洪而虛、暑挾溼並行、舌苔必白，為適症。\n從皮膚入擾榮則汗出\n從鼻入迫肺則煩喘\n從口入胃則嘔吐\n先夏至為病瘟，後夏至為病暑。\n因冒赤日走長途，六一散、白虎湯。\n因貪涼避熱於高廈涼室香薷飲 。\n傷溼\n溼由潰爛氣蒸成，中覺沉重滯衛榮\n骨肉痠麻多不利，萎筋熱腫並相生\n傷燥\n燥乃久晴多屬秋，鼻咽口舌燥無休\n大便閉結不宜熱，方用清涼勿誤投\n傷火\n熱氣蒸成火病陽，心身狂熱棄衣裳\n大便閉結小便赤，治法疏通藥用涼\n內傷者，裡症有氣、血、痰、鬱四字之別 。\n氣\n氣根屬腎肺鼻通，或因傷本或標攻\n諸症百病難枝舉，數字規模變化工\n血\n心為生血統司脾，居住肝經血海持\n吐衄與便諸血證，內傷外感辨相宜\n痰\n痰病中央失運樞，糓津不布變痰趨\n須當標本相因症，治法神機勿忘銖\n鬱\n鬱乃久停一發因，七情內屈引當伸\n六淫外迫何經病，藥應疏通辨久新\n太陽（小腸、心，膀胱、腎相表裡）\n太陽經證惡寒量，發熱頭痛連項強\n實邪無汗(脈)浮緊象，惡風自汗（脈）緩虛傷\n（實邪方用麻黃湯，虛邪方用桂枝湯）\n太陽府證躁煩（不眠，脈）浮，（口渴）飲嘔（吐）溺無蓄水（症）愁\n小腹滿鞭尿自利，如狂蓄血脈沉求\n（蓄水症方用五苓散，蓄血癥方用桃仁承氣湯）\n陽明（大腸、肺，胃、脾相表裡）\n陽明經症鼻中","is_preview":true,"preview_page_limit":10}